Abnormalities of serum glucose in pediatric patients are commonly encountered in the emergency department and represent an acute threat to life and neurologic function. Rapidly identifying and aggressively treating hyperglycemia with diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia are critical to ensure the best possible outcome. This review will guide the emergency provider in the identification, resuscitation, workup, and disposition of these critically ill patients.
This review contains 6 figures, 13 tables, and 50 reviews.
Key Words: Cerebral edema, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia