scholarly journals Genotyping of Ukrainian common wheat cultivars using the marker of the Lr48 gene conferring moderate resistance to leaf rust

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
A. V. Karelov ◽  
N. A. Kozub ◽  
I. A. Sozinov
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences

Aim. Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important and widely cultivated crops over the world. For a lot of wheat diseases introduction of resistance genes is considered to be the most rational way to diminish yield losses and control spread of causal agents. The aim of this research was to study a sample of Ukrainian common wheat cultivars with the use of the molecular genetic marker for the Lr48 gene. Methods. DNA samples of 46 common wheat cultivars developed in the Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat (RMIW) of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences jointly with the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine were analyzed with the use of the marker IWB70147. Results. It was revealed that 15 out of 46 (or 32.6 %) cultivars carried resistance-associated allele of the marker. Conclusions. It was revealed that the resistance-associated allele of the marker of the Lr48 gene is present in Ukrainian common wheat cultivars developed in the Forrest Steppe zone of Ukraine. The possible source of the resistance allele is „Mironovskaya 808‟ which is in the pedigree of many Ukrainian and world wheat cultivars. The data obtained in this research can be used in breeding programs to select sources of moderate adult plant resistance. Cultivars „Yuviliar Myronivskii‟, „Volodarka‟ and „Pamyati Remesla‟ with adult leaf rust resistance conferred by the Lr48 gene also carry resistance associated allele of the Lr34/Yr18/Pm38/Sr57/Bdv1 gene.Keywords: molecular markers, wheat, resistance genes, adult plant resistance.

Genetics of adult-plant leaf-rust resistance in four Indian and two Australian bread wheat cultivars

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Shiwani ◽  
R. G. Saini
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Partial Dominance

Genetic studies for leaf-rust resistance were conducted on four Indian (CPAN1235, HD2135, HP1209, and VL404) and two Australian (CSP44 and Oxley) bread wheat cultivars. The F2 and F3 plants from their crosses with each other and with susceptible cultivar Agra Local were tested against a mixture of pathotypes 77-1 and 77-2 (variants of race 77). Disease scores on F1's from resistant/susceptible parent crosses indicated partial dominance of resistance in these wheats. The six cultivars have two adult-plant resistance genes each. Their intercrosses revealed similar resistance gene(s) in CSP44 and Oxley, and CPAN1235 and HP1209. The six wheats appear to carry at least seven diverse leaf-rust resistance genes (temporarily named LrI to LrO) against pathotypes 77-1 + 77-2. Adult-plant resistance is additive and therefore the combinations of partially effective resistance genes identified in this study can provide higher levels of resistance. Because these genes are of hexaploid origin, they can be easily exploited in breeding programs. Furthermore, two or more resistance genes from the six wheat cultivars when combined with Lr34 are likely to impart durable resistance to leaf rust.Key words: adult-plant resistance, leaf-rust resistance, wheat, Puccinia recondita, Triticum aestivum.

scholarly journals Identification of Wheat Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Chinese Wheat Cultivars and the Improved Germplasms

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 2669-2680
Author(s):  
Hui Wu ◽  
Zhanhai Kang ◽  
Xing Li ◽  
Yanyan Li ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Lr Genes

Leaf rust is an important wheat disease that is a significant hindrance for wheat production in most areas of the world. Breeding resistant cultivars can effectively and economically control the disease. In the present study, a wheat collection consisting of 100 cultivars from China and 18 improved germplasms from global landrace donors together with 36 known single Lr gene lines were tested with 20 strains of Puccinia triticina Eriks. in the seedling stage to postulate the Lr gene in the cultivars and germplasms. In addition, 12 diagnostic molecular markers specific to 10 Lr genes were used to detect the presence of the Lr genes in the wheat collection. Resistance to leaf rust of these cultivars at the adult plant stage was tested in fields under natural infection during the 2016 to 2018 cropping seasons in Baoding, Hebei Province. The gene postulation combined with molecular marker detection showed that six Lr genes (Lr1, Lr26, Lr33, Lr34, Lr45, and Lr46) were identified in 44 wheat accessions, including 37 cultivars and seven improved germplasms. Among the 44 wheat accessions postulated with Lr genes, Lr1 was present in four accessions, Lr26 in 12 accessions, Lr33 in two accessions, Lr34 in 14 accessions, Lr45 in three accessions, and Lr46 in 16 accessions. In the collection of 118 cultivars/germplasms, 34 wheat lines displayed adult-plant resistance carrying Lr34, Lr46, and/or underdetermined genes. Therefore, a high level of leaf rust resistance can be achieved through the combination of all-stage resistance and adult-plant resistance genes together in wheat cultivars.

Breeding triple rust resistant wheat cultivars for Australia using conventional and marker-assisted selection technologies

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 576 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Bariana ◽  
G. N. Brown ◽  
U. K. Bansal ◽  
H. Miah ◽  
G. E. Standen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
The University

Stem rust susceptibility of European wheats under Australian conditions posed a significant threat to wheat production for the early British settlers in Australia. The famous Australian wheat breeder, William Farrer, tackled the problem of stem rust susceptibility through breeding fast-maturing wheat cultivars. South-eastern Australia suffered a severe stem rust epidemic in 1973, which gave rise to a national approach to breeding for rust resistance. The National Wheat Rust Control Program was set up in 1975, modelled on the University of Sydney’s own rust resistance breeding program, at the University of Sydney Plant Breeding Institute, Castle Hill (now Cobbitty). Back-crossing of a range of sources of resistance provided genetically diverse germplasm for evaluation in various breeding programs. Current efforts are directed to building gene combinations through marker-assisted selection. Major genes for resistance to stem rust and leaf rust are being used in the back-crossing program of the ACRCP to create genetic diversity among Australian germplasm. Stripe rust and to a lesser extent leaf rust resistance in the Australian germplasm is largely based on combinations of adult plant resistance genes and our knowledge of their genomic locations has increased. Additional genes, other than Yr18/Lr34 and Yr29/Lr46, appeared to control adult plant resistance to both leaf rust and stripe rust. Two adult-plant stem rust resistance genes have also been identified. The development of selection technologies to achieve genotype-based selection of resistance gene combinations in the absence of bioassays has evolved in the last 5 years. Robust molecular markers are now available for several commercially important rust resistance genes. Marker-assisted selection for rust resistance is performed routinely in many wheat-breeding programs. Modified pedigree and limited back-cross methods have been used for breeding rust-resistant wheat cultivars in the University of Sydney wheat-breeding program. The single back-cross methodology has proved more successful in producing cultivars with combinations of adult plant resistance genes.

CHROMOSOME LOCATION OF THREE GENES FOR LEAF RUST RESISTANCE IN COMMON WHEAT

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Dyck ◽  
E. R. Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Location ◽  
Seedling Resistance

Genes Lr10 and Lr16 for seedling resistance and gene Lr12 for adult-plant resistance to leaf rust in common wheat were located on specific chromosomes by monosomic analysis using the Rescue monosomic series. Gene Lr10 is on chromosome 1A and genes Lr12 and Lr16 are on chromosome 4A. The latter two genes must be more than 50 crossover units apart since they segregated independently. These three genes were backcrossed into Thatcher from the variety Exchange. The variety Chinese Spring probably carries gene Lr12.

scholarly journals Identification of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Chinese Common Wheat Cultivars

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
pp. 1729-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takele Weldu Gebrewahid ◽  
Zhan-Jun Yao ◽  
Xiao-Cui Yan ◽  
Pu Gao ◽  
Zai-Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Lr Genes

Puccinia triticina Eriks. (Pt), the causal agent of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaf rust, is the most widespread disease of common wheat worldwide. In the present study, 83 wheat cultivars from three provinces of China and 36 tester lines with known leaf rust resistance (Lr) genes were inoculated in the greenhouse with 18 Pt pathotypes to identify seedling effective Lr genes. Field tests were also performed to characterize slow leaf rusting responses at the adult plant growth stage in Baoding and Zhoukou in the 2014–15 and 2015–16 cropping seasons. Twelve Lr genes, viz. Lr1, Lr26, Lr3ka, Lr11, Lr10, Lr2b, Lr13, Lr21, Lr34, Lr37, Lr44, and Lr46 either singly or in combination were identified in 41 cultivars. Known Lr genes were not detected in the remaining 42 cultivars. The most commonly identified resistance genes were Lr26 (20 cultivars), Lr46 (18 cultivars), and Lr1 (eight cultivars). Less frequently detected genes included Lr13, Lr34, and Lr37 (each present in four cultivars), Lr10 (three cultivars), and Lr3ka and Lr44 (each in two cultivars). Evidence for the presence of genes Lr11, Lr2b, and Lr21 (each in one cultivar) was also obtained. Seventeen cultivars were found to have slow rusting resistance in both field growing seasons.

THE GENETIC ANALYSIS OF TWO INTERSPECIFIC SOURCES OF LEAF RUST RESISTANCE AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE QUALITY OF COMMON WHEAT

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. DYCK ◽  
O. M. LUKOW
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Kernel Protein

Gene Lr29 transferred from Agropyron elongatum to chromosome 7D of wheat and gene LrVPM transferred from VPM1 both segregated as single genes for seedling resistance to leaf rust when backcrossed into common wheat (Triticum aestivum). Although the seedling resistance of the VPM lines was intermediate, their adult plant resistance was excellent. This resistance was not on chromosome 7D. The VPM lines also had seedling and adult plant resistance to stem rust. Resistant backcross lines with either Lr29 or LrVPM had higher kernel protein levels than did susceptible sister lines under both rust and rust-free conditions. Although this higher protein content was associated with weaker dough mixing properties, the remix loaf volume remained constant. Leaf rust infection had a detrimental effect on grain yield and kernel weight and on wheat quality as shown by decreased kernel protein content and farinograph absorption. Dough mixing strength was higher for the rust infected lines than the rust resistant lines.Key words: Triticum aestivum, wheat (spring), leaf rust resistance, protein content, breadmaking quality

scholarly journals Characterization of Leaf Rust Resistance in Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivars

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 1127-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Oelke ◽  
J. A. Kolmer
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Seedling Leaf ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks., is the most common disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the United States and worldwide. The objective of this study was to characterize seedling and adult plant leaf rust resistance in hard red spring wheat cultivars grown in Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota, and postulate the identity of the seedling leaf rust resistance genes in the cultivars. Twenty-six cultivars, near-isogenic lines of Thatcher wheat that differ for single leaf rust resistance genes, and three wheat cultivars with known leaf rust resistance genes, were tested with 11 different isolates of leaf rust collected from the United States and Canada. The leaf rust infection types produced on seedling plants of the cultivars in greenhouse tests were compared with the infection types produced by the same isolates on the Thatcher near-isogenic lines to postulate which seedling leaf rust resistance genes were present. Seedling leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr10, Lr16, Lr21, and Lr24 were postulated to be present in spring wheat cultivars. Seedling genes Lr3, Lr14a, and Lr23 likely were present in some cultivars but could not be clearly identified in this study. Most of the cultivars had some level of adult plant leaf rust resistance, most likely due to Lr34. Cultivars that had seedling resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr10, or Lr16 had poor to intermediate levels of leaf rust resistance in field plots. Cultivars with combinations of seedling resistance genes Lr16 and Lr24 with additional adult plant resistance were highly resistant to leaf rust.

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