N6-Methyladenosine Modifications in the Female Reproductive System: Roles in Gonad Development and Diseases

AbstractA new species of Rhabditinae collected from compost, is described and illustrated together with observations on embryonic and post-embryonic development. Oscheius shamimi sp. n. is characterised by a medium-sized body (female: L = 0.76-1.52 mm, a = 12-20, b = 4.2-6.3, c = 6.8-13.8, c′ = 4.1-5.8, V = 45-51), finely annulated cuticle; slightly demarcated lip region; lips fused to form three doublets; six lines in lateral field; small stoma with isomorphic metastegostom; cylindrical pharyngeal corpus; slightly protruded vulval lips with subventral cuticular flap; long, proximally dilated, rectum; 53-61 μm long, robust spicules with long capitula having strongly cuticularised ventral walls; pseudopeloderan bursa with nine pairs of genital papillae in 1 + 1 + 1/3 + 3 + ph configuration and six to seven pairs of copulatory muscle bands. Oscheius shamimi sp. n. is amphimictic with a 1:1 sex ratio. The eggs are ovoid and smooth-shelled and measure 48-78 × 37-48 μm. Most eggs are laid in the late stages of embryonation. The embryonation time was 14-15 h at 25 ± 2°C. The genital primordium was orientated obliquely to the longitudinal axis and did not show division of primordial nuclei during the first moult. The didelphic female reproductive system was formed as a result of anterior and posterior elongation of the primordium while the monorchic reproductive system of the male developed from an anterior elongation of the primordium. The life cycle from egg to adult was completed in 3-3.5 days at 25 ± 2°C.

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FEMALE ENDOCRINE CONTROL MECHANISMS DURING THE NEONATAL PERIOD

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0700396 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 396-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K.-D. Schulz ◽

H. Haarmann ◽

A. Harland

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Reproductive System ◽

Rna Synthesis ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

High Dose ◽

Female Reproductive System ◽

Endocrine Control ◽

Hypothalamic Region ◽

Rna And Protein Synthesis ◽

Physiological Dose

ABSTRACT The present investigation deals with the oestrogen-sensitivity of the female reproductive system during the neonatal period. Newborn female guinea pigs were used as test animals. At different times after a single subcutaneous injection of a physiological dose of 0.1 μg or an unphysiologically high dose of 10 μg 17β-oestradiol/100 g body weight, the RNA- and protein-synthesis was examined in the hypothalamic region, pituitary, cerebral cortex, liver, adrenal gland, ovary and uterus. With a physiological dose an increase in organ weight, protein content, RNA-and protein-synthesis was found only in the uterus. These alterations turned out to be dose-dependent. In addition to the findings in the uterus an inhibition of the aminoacid incorporation rate occurred in the liver following the injection of the high oestradiol dose. As early as 1 hour after the administration of 0.1 μg 17β-oestradiol an almost 100% increase in uterine protein synthesis was detectable. This result demonstrates a high oestrogen-sensitivity of this organ during the neonatal period. All the other organs of the female reproductive system such as the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary did not show any oestrogen response. Therefore the functional immaturity of the uterus during post partem life is not the result of a deficient hormone sensitivity but is correlated with the absence of a sufficient hormonal stimulus at this time. The investigation on the effects of actinomycin resulted in different reactions in the uterus and liver. In contrast to the liver a paradoxical actinomycin effect was found in the uterus after treatment with actinomycin alone. This effect is characterized by a small inhibition of RNA-synthesis and a 50% increase in protein synthesis. The treatment of the newborn test animals with actinomycin and 17β-oestradiol together abolished the oestrogen-induced stimulation of the uterine RNA-and protein-synthesis. Consequently, the effect of oestrogens during the neonatal period is also connected with the formation of new proteins via an increased DNA-directed RNA-synthesis.

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Insufficiency of timeliness and efficiency of diagnosis of malignant tumors of visual localization in the female reproductive system

Сибирский научный медицинский журнал ◽

10.15372/ssmj20200214 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Reproductive System ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Visual Localization ◽

Female Reproductive System

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Effect of Cryopreserved Placental Explants on Female Reproductive System Under Normal and Pathological Conditions (Experimental study)

Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine ◽

10.15407/cryo27.03.250 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 250-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Volodymyr Yu. Prokopyuk ◽

◽

Olga V. Grischenko ◽

Oleksandra V. Prokopyuk ◽

Nadiia O. Shevchenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Reproductive System ◽

Female Reproductive System ◽

Pathological Conditions

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ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN THE DETECTION OF RECURRENT OVARIAN CANCER

UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL ◽

10.26739/2181-0664-2020-6-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 23-31

Author(s):

M. Alisherova ◽

◽

M. Ismailova

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Reproductive System ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Recurrent Ovarian Cancer ◽

Primary Diagnosis ◽

Female Reproductive System

Currently, there are no standard approaches to monitoring patients with ovarian cancer (OC). While the role of ultrasound (US) has been identified in the primary diagnosis of OS, it is still controversial during the subsequent surgical treatment of OC. In world statistics, ovarian cancer is consistently among the four main localizations of malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, along with tumors of the breast, body and cervix.

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Species Comparison of the Role of p38 MAP Kinase in the Female Reproductive System

Journal of Toxicologic Pathology ◽

10.1293/tox.22.109 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 109-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Zaher A. Radi ◽

Rosemary A. Marusak ◽

Dale L. Morris

Keyword(s):

Map Kinase ◽

Reproductive System ◽

P38 Map Kinase ◽

Female Reproductive System ◽

Species Comparison

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Generation of a Novel Mesothelin-Targeted Oncolytic Herpes Virus and Implemented Strategies for Manufacturing

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22020477 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 477

Author(s):

Guendalina Froechlich ◽

Chiara Gentile ◽

Luigia Infante ◽

Carmen Caiazza ◽

Pasqualina Pagano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Reproductive System ◽

Tumor Cell Line ◽

Breast Tumors ◽

Oncolytic Viruses ◽

Female Reproductive System ◽

Viral Glycoprotein ◽

Preclinical Development ◽

Biological Drugs

Background: HER2-based retargeted viruses are in advanced phases of preclinical development of breast cancer models. Mesothelin (MSLN) is a cell-surface tumor antigen expressed in different subtypes of breast and non-breast cancer. Its recent identification as a marker of some triple-negative breast tumors renders it an attractive target, presently investigated in clinical trials employing antibody drug conjugates and CAR-T cells. The availability of MSLN-retargeted oncolytic viruses may complement the current immunotherapeutic panel of biological drugs against HER2-negative breast and non-breast tumors. Methods: A fully virulent, tumor-targeted oncolytic Herpes simplex virus-1 (MSLN-THV) with a selectivity for mesothelin-expressing cancer cells was generated. Recombineering technology was used to replace an essential moiety of the viral glycoprotein D with antibody fragments derived from clinically validated MSLN monoclonal antibodies, and to allow IL12 cargo expression in infected cells. Panels of breast and female reproductive system cell lines were used to verify the oncolytic potential of the viral constructs. A platform for production of the retargeted viruses was developed in HEK 293 cells, providing stable expression of a suitable chimeric receptor. Results: We demonstrated the selectivity of viral infection and cytotoxicity by MSLN-retargeted viruses in a panel of mesothelin-positive cancer cells, originating from breast and female reproductive system tumors. We also developed a second-generation oncolytic MSLN-THV, encoding IL12, to enhance the immunotherapeutic potential of the viral backbone. A non-tumor cell line expressing a chimeric MSLN/Nectin-1 receptor, de-sensitized from antiviral responses by genetic inactivation of the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING)-dependent pathway was engineered, to optimize viral yields. Conclusions: Our proof-of-concept study proposes MSLN-retargeted herpesviruses as potential cancer immunotherapeutics for assessments in preclinical models of MSLN-positive tumors, complementing the available panel of oncolytic viruses to HER2-negative breast tumors.

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