scholarly journals Capitalisme d’État ou société bureaucratique de développement

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Elsenhans

Increasingly, one can observe the power of the state extending into the modem sector of Third World economies. Different types of cooperative relationships are established with multinational corporations, even to the point of excluding them altogether. A considerable part of the literature suggests that in this instance there is the formation of dependent capitalist societies, what could be referred to as state capitalism. Such a definition is contradictory and conceals the true operation of these societies. In fact, was are witnessing the emergence of a new type of production that the author refers to as bureaucratic development societies dominated by bureaucratically organized state classes. These state-classes collectively appropriate the social surplus and determine its allocation on a political basis allocating it either to consumption by the dominant class or to investment, but in this latter case, without consideration as to the immediate return on possible investments. The means by which such a class arrives at decisions are of particular interest because the author shows that they constitute both a hope and a threat for the broad-based development of the economies and the societies of the Third World.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
Artem Honcharenko ◽  
◽  
Olena Voloshkina ◽  
Ihor Kupinskyi ◽  
Olena Zhukova ◽  
...  

The threat to ecological balance can turn into a global problem, and we observe its deviations, which arise as a result of complex relationships between natural and social environments. Direct and indirect human impact on Earth's ecosystems together and interdependently form the planet's ecosystem, resulting in changes in the social environment of a human. Today's global problems are increasingly shifting to the side of developing countries, where environmental pressure is increasing because along with "pre-industrial" pollution, a new one is emerging, related to the invasion of multinational corporations and "exports" of polluting industries to "third world" countries. Modern "industrial" pollution in developing countries is the result of the transfer of many polluting industries to the "third world", such as the construction of enterprises, chemical plants, chemicalization of agriculture. Due to this, the concentration of the population in the largest agglomerations is growing.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty Ruth Lozano Lerma

Resumen: El siguiente artículo expone el feminismonacido en Europa y Norteamérica como elaboracionesdiscursivas coloniales que definieron lo que era ser mujery feminista, y cómo las categorías género y patriarcadoestablecieron lo que era la subordinación de la mujer ytambién las posibilidades de su emancipación. Son discursoscoloniales en el sentido en que han construido alas mujeres del tercer mundo, o del sur global, como un“otro”. El caso específico examinado en el presente artículocuestiona la construcción feminista euro-usa-céntricahecha sobre las mujeres y las feministas afrodescendientes,y cómo ellas bajo diversos procesos de resignificación delas categorías de análisis propuestas por el feminismo,como género y patriarcado, se afirman como mujeres negrasdiversas que construyen propuestas subversoras delorden social que las oprime de diferentes formas en razónde su condición racializada, de pobreza y de mujeres sinnecesidad de acudir a las categorías centrales del feminismo.Sin embargo, se sostiene que las mujeres negraspertenecientes a comunidades étnicas elaboran un nuevotipo de feminismo el cual se construye relacionado con lasacciones colectivas de su comunidad en la exigibilidad desus derechos. Finalmente se evidencia como las mujeresnegras/afrocolombianas construyen desde el legado desus ancestras cimarronas y palenqueras un feminismo otroque cuestiona los planteamientos universalistas del feminismoeurocéntrico y andinócéntrico, transformándolo yenriqueciéndolo.Palabras clave: género, feminismo, raza, patriarcado,discurso, poder, afrodescendientes, resistencia, descolonialidad.Feminism Cannot Be Single Because Women Are Diverse. Contributions to a Decolonial Black Feminism Stemming from the Experience of Black Women of the Colombian PacificAbstract: This article asserts that feminisms bornin Europe and North America are colonial discursiveelaborations that defined what it was to be a woman anda feminist, and that the categories of gender and patriarchyestablished what the subordination of women wasand also the possibilities for their emancipation. They’recolonial discourses in the sense that they have construedwomen of the third world, or of the global south, like an“other”. The specific case examined in this article questionthe euro-USA-centric feminist construction made aboutwomen and afro- descended feminist, and how they underseveral processes of resignification of the categories ofanalysis proposed by feminism, such as gender and patriarchy,assert themselves as diverse black women that buildproposals subverting the social order that oppresses them,without the need to recur to the central categories of feminism.However, women belonging to ethnic communitieselaborate a new type of feminism which is constructed inrelation to the community’s collective actions in demandingtheir rights. Finally, black of afro-Colombian women buildan alternate feminism based on the legacy of their maroonor runaway slave ancestors, questioning the universalistpositions of the Eurocentric and Andean-centric feminism,transforming it and enriching it.Key Words: gender, feminism, race, patriarchy, discourse,power, Afro-descendants, resistance, decoloniality.


1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles D. Wolpin

Although the analysis which follows centres upon the West African state of Mali, much of what is said applies in varying measure to other examples of military state capitalism in Africa and elsewhere. Its importance is underscored by the fact that this is an increasingly common régime variant in the Third World. Similarly, domestic militarism has been transformed from an unusual occurrence to a phenomenon which evokes little more than a déjà vu response. Today nearly half of the governments of the ‘South’ are directly or indirectly dominated by the military, whereas three decades ago little more than 15 per cent could be so classified.


Author(s):  
William O. Walker

This chapter assesses the various obstacles impeding the expansion of the American Century from early 1961 through 1964. Numerous problems, including Laos, Berlin, the Cuban missile crisis, and Vietnam brought into question John F. Kennedy’s leadership. His response too often minimized consultation with allies and, across the Third World, increasingly focused on security and stability through civic action programs, overseen by the Office of Public Safety in the Agency for International Development—to the great detriment, for example, of experiments like the Alliance for Progress. Meanwhile, the rise of multinational corporations and deficit-induced flight of gold thwarted Kennedy’s and Lyndon Johnson’s economic policies, while weakening America’s hegemony and credibility.


1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1103
Author(s):  
William Diebold ◽  
Charles S. Pearson

1985 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Arnold

This article forms part of a wider research project which aims to pick out in expressions of popular religion a cultural pool which can provide an alternative to the invasion of cultural models imported, by the media in particular, from the West. The historical content of religious practices, although frequently obli terated by unconsciousness and by successive alienations, nearly always constitutes a capital of popular restistance to attacks on the poor. What we are concerned with is how it is possible to move from simple resistance to active mobilization through the religious medium. The case of Peru, with the two examples considered (an Andean sanctuary and an Afro-Peruvian procession) can in all probability be applied to other cases of marginality in both the Third World and industrialized society. The advantage with Peru is that the social and cultural contradictions inherited from colo nial and republican history are very sharp, indeed caricatured.


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