scholarly journals Peer Review #2 of "Differential expression of AtWAKL10 in response to nitric oxide suggests a putative role in biotic and abiotic stress responses (v0.1)"

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Putative Role

scholarly journals Differential expression of AtWAKL10 in response to nitric oxide suggests a putative role in biotic and abiotic stress responses

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7383
Author(s):  
Phearom Bot ◽  
Bong-Gyu Mun ◽  
Qari Muhammad Imran ◽  
Adil Hussain ◽  
Sang-Uk Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Transcript Accumulation

Plant defense against pathogens and abiotic stresses is regulated differentially by communicating signal transduction pathways in which nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role. Here, we show the biological role of Arabidopsis thaliana wall-associated kinase (AtWAK) Like10 (AtWAKL10) that exhibits greater than a 100-fold change in transcript accumulation in response to the NO donor S-nitroso-L-cysteine (CysNO), identified from high throughput RNA-seq based transcriptome analysis. Loss of AtWAKL10 function showed a similar phenotype to wild type (WT) with, however, less branching. The growth of atwakl10 on media supplemented with oxidative or nitrosative stress resulted in differential results with improved growth following treatment with CysNO but reduced growth in response to S-nitrosoglutatione (GSNO) and methyl-viologen. Further, atwakl10 plants exhibited increased susceptibility to virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 with a significant increase in pathogen growth and decrease in PR1 transcript accumulation compared to WT overtime. Similar results were found in response to Pst DC3000 avrB, resulting in increased cell death as shown by increased electrolyte leakage in atwakl10. Furthermore, atwakl10 also showed increased reactive oxygen species accumulation following Pst DC3000 avrB inoculation. Promoter analysis of AtWAKL10 showed transcription factor (TF) binding sites for biotic and abiotic stress-related TFs. Further investigation into the role of AtWAKL10 in abiotic stresses showed that following two weeks water-withholding drought condition most of the atwakl10 plants got wilted; however, the majority (60%) of these plants recovered following re-watering. In contrast, in response to salinity stress, atwakl10 showed reduced germination under 150 mM salt stress compared to WT, suggesting that NO-induced AtWAKL10 differentially regulates different abiotic stresses. Taken together, this study further elucidates the importance of NO-induced changes in gene expression and their role in plant biotic and abiotic stress tolerance.

Genome-wide identification of citrus calmodulin-like genes and their expression in response to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization and drought

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Shu ◽  
YaChao Xie ◽  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Dejian Zhang ◽  
Chunyan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Calmodulin-like (CML) proteins represent a diverse family of protein in plants, and play significant roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses. However, the involvement of citrus CMLs in plant responses to drought stress (abiotic stress) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization remain relatively unknown. We characterized the citrus CML genes by analyzing the EF-hand domains and a genome-wide search, and identified a total of 38 such genes, distributed across at least nine chromosomes. Six tandem duplication clusters were observed in the CsCMLs, and 12 CsCMLs exhibited syntenic relationships with Arabidopsis thaliana CMLs. Gene expression analysis showed that 29 CsCMLs were expressed in the roots, and exhibited differential expression patterns. The regulation of CsCMLs expression was not consistent with the cis-elements identified in their promoters. CsCML2, 3, and 5 were upregulated in response to drought stress, and AMF colonization repressed the expression of CsCML7, 9, 12, 13,20, 27, 28, and 35,and induced that of CsCML1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 18, 25, 30, 33, and 37. Furthermore, AMF colonization and drought stress exerted a synergistic effect, evident from the enhanced repression of CsCML7, 9, 12, 13, 27, 28, and 35 and enhanced expression of CsCML2, 3, and 5 under AMF colonization and drought stress. The present study provides valuable insights into the CsCML gene family and its responses to AMF colonization and drought stress.

scholarly journals Effects of Substrate-Binding Site Residues on the Biochemical Properties of a Tau Class Glutathione S-Transferase from Oryza sativa

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Jinchi Wei ◽  
Zhihai Wu ◽  
Jie Gao
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Substrate Binding ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Substrate Binding Site

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs)—an especially plant-specific tau class of GSTs—are key enzymes involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. To improve the stress resistance of crops via the genetic modification of GSTs, we predicted the amino acids present in the GSH binding site (G-site) and hydrophobic substrate-binding site (H-site) of OsGSTU17, a tau class GST in rice. We then examined the enzyme activity, substrate specificity, enzyme kinetics and thermodynamic stability of the mutant enzymes. Our results showed that the hydrogen bonds between Lys42, Val56, Glu68, and Ser69 of the G-site and glutathione were essential for enzyme activity and thermal stability. The hydrophobic side chains of amino acids of the H-site contributed to enzyme activity toward 4-nitrobenzyl chloride but had an inhibitory effect on enzyme activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and cumene hydroperoxide. Different amino acids of the H-site had different effects on enzyme activity toward a different substrate, 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole. Moreover, Leu112 and Phe162 were found to inhibit the catalytic efficiency of OsGSTU17 to 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole, while Pro16, Leu112, and Trp165 contributed to structural stability. The results of this research enhance the understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of tau class GSTs to improve the abiotic stress resistance of crops.

Nitric Oxide-Induced Regulation of Plant Developmental Processes and Abiotic Stress Responses

2019 ◽  
pp. 381-408
Author(s):  
Lekshmy Sathee ◽  
Hari Singh Meena ◽  
Sandeep B. Adavi ◽  
Shailendra K. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Developmental Processes

scholarly journals Proteins involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses as the most significant biomarkers in the ripening of Pinot Noir skins

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Simone Negri ◽  
Elisa Robotti ◽  
Bhakti Prinsi ◽  
Luca Espen ◽  
Emilio Marengo
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress
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