scholarly journals Trends in the abundance of picophytoplankton due to changes in boundary currents and by marine heat waves in Australian coastal waters from IMOS National Reference Stations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL G THOMSON ◽  
CHARITHA B PATTIARATCHI
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Boundary Currents ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Marine Food Chain ◽  
Tropical Oceans ◽  
Marine Food ◽  
Photosynthetic Cells

The picophytoplankton, Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, are small photosynthetic cells (< 3µm diameter) important in the world’s tropical oceans. With a large surface area to volume ratio these cells are very responsive to their environment, and their distribution and abundance make them good indicators of variability in our coastal oceans. To understand change in Australian waters, we used flow cytometry to analyse monthly samples of picophytoplankton (2009 – 2017) from 2 Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) National Reference Stations (NRS) in southern Australia. We found clear seasonal patterns in abundance from Rottnest Island (Western Australia) and Maria Island (Tasmania) due to seasonality in flows of the Leeuwin and East Australian Currents. However, our data also shows that the abundance of the tropical picophytoplankton in southern Australian waters is increasing due to strengthening boundary currents and more intense eddies on the east coast and through the effects of marine heat waves on the west coast. This is significant as it points to fundamental changes in the size and community composition of phytoplankton at the base of the marine food chain. Our data also highlight how sustained ocean biodiversity observations help us understand our changing oceans.

scholarly journals Trends in the abundance of picophytoplankton due to changes in boundary currents and by marine heat waves in Australian coastal waters from IMOS National Reference Stations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL G THOMSON ◽  
CHARITHA B PATTIARATCHI
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Boundary Currents ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Marine Food Chain ◽  
Tropical Oceans ◽  
Marine Food ◽  
Photosynthetic Cells

The picophytoplankton, Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, are small photosynthetic cells (< 3µm diameter) important in the world’s tropical oceans. With a large surface area to volume ratio these cells are very responsive to their environment, and their distribution and abundance make them good indicators of variability in our coastal oceans. To understand change in Australian waters, we used flow cytometry to analyse monthly samples of picophytoplankton (2009 – 2017) from 2 Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) National Reference Stations (NRS) in southern Australia. We found clear seasonal patterns in abundance from Rottnest Island (Western Australia) and Maria Island (Tasmania) due to seasonality in flows of the Leeuwin and East Australian Currents. However, our data also shows that the abundance of the tropical picophytoplankton in southern Australian waters is increasing due to strengthening boundary currents and more intense eddies on the east coast and through the effects of marine heat waves on the west coast. This is significant as it points to fundamental changes in the size and community composition of phytoplankton at the base of the marine food chain. Our data also highlight how sustained ocean biodiversity observations help us understand our changing oceans.

Plankton and Fisheries

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Brander
Keyword(s):  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Boundary Currents ◽  
Marine Food Chain ◽  
Shelf Seas ◽  
Plankton Production ◽  
Eastern Boundary Currents ◽  
Marine Food ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the dependence of fish on plankton and the relationship between plankton productivity and fisheries production. The dependence of fish production on plankton production is self-evident, since carbon fixation by photosynthetic phytoplankton forms the base of the marine food chain that leads to fish. Fisheries production is highest in areas of high plankton production, including upwelling areas (e.g. eastern boundary currents), fronts, and shelf seas with high nutrient supply. Marine mammals, seabirds, and fish that are capable of migrating over long distances often congregate to feed in these high productivity areas. However, it is generally not possible to infer fluctuations in annual fisheries yields from information on primary production, and even the average relationship for the nine areas together may be quite weak.

scholarly journals SMFC as a tool for the removal of hydrocarbons and metals in the marine environment: a concise research update

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edvige Gambino ◽  
Kuppam Chandrasekhar ◽  
Rosa Anna Nastro
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Sediment Remediation ◽  
Marine Food Chain ◽  
Marine Food ◽  
Accumulation Of Pollutants ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractMarine pollution is becoming more and more serious, especially in coastal areas. Because of the sequestration and consequent accumulation of pollutants in sediments (mainly organic compounds and heavy metals), marine environment restoration cannot exempt from effective remediation of sediments themselves. It has been well proven that, after entering into the seawater, these pollutants are biotransformed into their metabolites, which may be more toxic than their parent molecules. Based on their bioavailability and toxic nature, these compounds may accumulate into the living cells of marine organisms. Pollutants bioaccumulation and biomagnification along the marine food chain lead to seafood contamination and human health hazards. Nowadays, different technologies are available for sediment remediation, such as physicochemical, biological, and bioelectrochemical processes. This paper gives an overview of the most recent techniques for marine sediment remediation while presenting sediment-based microbial fuel cells (SMFCs). We discuss the issues, the progress, and future perspectives of SMFC application to the removal of hydrocarbons and metals in the marine environment with concurrent energy production. We give an insight into the possible mechanisms leading to sediment remediation, SMFC energy balance, and future exploitation.

scholarly journals Uptake and trophic changes in polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the benthic marine food chain in southwestern British Columbia, Canada

FACETS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-51
Author(s):  
Brenda Burd ◽  
Chris Lowe ◽  
Carmen Morales-„Caselles ◽  
Marie Noel ◽  
Peter Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Marine Food Chain ◽  
Deposit Feeders ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Bottom Fish ◽  
Harbour Sediment ◽  
Marine Food

We examined the physical and geochemical effects of sediment on the uptake of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) into marine sediment feeders and their transfer to higher trophic fauna. Sediment PBDEs increased with % total organic carbon (%TOC), organic carbon (OC) flux and grain size (%fines). Tissue PBDE variance was best explained ( R2 = 0.70) by sediment acid volatile sulfides (AVS), PBDEs, and organic lability and input, with the highest values near wastewater outfalls. Dry weight tissue/sediment PBDEs declined with increasing sediment PBDEs, resulting in tissue dilution (ratio <1) at >10 000 pg/g in harbours. Ratios also decreased with increasing %fines, resulting in regional differences. These patterns imply that high levels of fines and high sediment concentrations make PBDEs less bioavailable. Dry weight PBDEs increased >100× between background deposit feeders and predators (polychaetes, crabs, bottom fish, seal), but lipid normalized PBDEs barely increased (<1.3%), suggesting remarkably high uptake in low-lipid sediment feeders, and that PBDEs don’t accumulate at higher trophic levels, but lipid content does. Filter feeders had lower lipid-normalized PBDEs than deposit feeders, highlighting the importance of food resources in higher trophic fauna for bioaccumulation. The most profound congener change occurred with sediment uptake, with nona/deca-BDEs declining and tetra-hexa-BDEs increasing. Harbour sediment feeders had more deca-BDEs than other samples, suggesting PBDEs mostly pass unmodifed through them. Deca-BDEs persist patchily in all tissues, reflecting variable dependence on sediment/pelagic food.

scholarly journals Are Native and Nonindigenous Seaweeds Overgrowing Florida's East Coast Reefs?

EDIS ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Jacoby ◽  
Brian Lapointe ◽  
LeRoy Creswell
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Green Macroalgae ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Macroalgal Blooms

SGEF-156, a 2-page illustrated fact sheet by Charles Jacoby, Brian LaPointe, and LeRoy Creswell, discusses the excessive growth of green macroalgae, or seaweed, on the reefs around Palm Beach Florida. It documents the observations and surveys of several plants in recent years, describes the ecological and economic consequences of macroalgal blooms, and urges readers to work to lower the amount of nutrients finding their way into coastal waters and avoid fueling macroalgal blooms. Published by Florida Sea Grant, University of Florida, IFAS Extension, June 2004.

Marine Ornamental Invertebrate Resources of Parangipettai Coastal Waters (South East Coast of India)

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-336
Author(s):  
K. Balaji ◽  
G. Thirumaran ◽  
R. Arumugam ◽  
K.P. Kumaraguru ◽  
P. Anantharam
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
East Coast ◽  
East Coast Of India
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