scholarly journals Genetic population structure of the pelagic mollusk Limacina helicina in the Kara Sea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Anatolievna Abyzova ◽  
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Nikitin ◽  
Olga Vladimirovna Popova ◽  
Anna Fedorovna Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Atlantic Sector ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Limacina Helicina ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Background. Pelagic pteropods Limacina helicina are widespread and can play an important role in the food webs and in biosedimentation in Arctic and Subarctic ecosystems. Previous publications have shown differences in the genetic structure of populations of L. helicina from populations foundin the Pacific Ocean and Svalbard area. Currently, there are no data on the genetic structure of L. helicina populations in the seas of the Siberian Arctic. We assessed the genetic structure of L. helicina from the Kara Sea populations and compared them with samples from around Svalbard and the North Pacific. We also compared L. helicina from the different habitats within the Kara Sea. Methods. We examined genetic differences in L. helinica from three different locations in the Kara Sea via analysis of a fragment of the mitochondrial gene COI. We also compared a subset of samples with L. helicina from previous studies to find connections between populations from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Results. 65 individual L. helinica from the Kara Sea were sequenced to produce 19 different haplotypes. This is comparable with numbers of haplotypes found in Svalbard and Pacific samples (24 and 25, respectively). Haplotypes from different locations sampled around Arctic and Subarctic were combined into two significantly different groups: H1 and H2. The H2 includes sequences from the Kara Sea and Svalbard, was present only in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic. The other genetic group, H1, is widespread and found throughout all L. helicina populations. Phi-st analyses also indicated significant genetic difference between the Atlantic and Pacific regions, but no differences between Svalbard and the Kara Sea. Discussion. The obtained results support our hypothesis about genetic similarity of L. helicina populations from the Kara Sea and Svalbard: the majority of haplotypes belongs to the haplotype group H2, with the H1 group representing a minority of the haplotypes present. In contrast, in the Canadian Arctic and the Pacific Ocean only haplogroup H1 is found. The negative values of Fu's Fs indicate directed selection or expansion of the population. The reason for this pattern could be due to an isolation of the Limacina helicina population during the Pleistocene glaciation and a subsequent rapid expansion of this species after the last glacial maximum.

scholarly journals Genetic population structure of the pelagic mollusk Limacina helicina in the Kara Sea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Anatolievna Abyzova ◽  
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Nikitin ◽  
Olga Vladimirovna Popova ◽  
Anna Fedorovna Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Atlantic Sector ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Limacina Helicina ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Background. Pelagic pteropods Limacina helicina are widespread and can play an important role in the food webs and in biosedimentation in Arctic and Subarctic ecosystems. Previous publications have shown differences in the genetic structure of populations of L. helicina from populations foundin the Pacific Ocean and Svalbard area. Currently, there are no data on the genetic structure of L. helicina populations in the seas of the Siberian Arctic. We assessed the genetic structure of L. helicina from the Kara Sea populations and compared them with samples from around Svalbard and the North Pacific. We also compared L. helicina from the different habitats within the Kara Sea. Methods. We examined genetic differences in L. helinica from three different locations in the Kara Sea via analysis of a fragment of the mitochondrial gene COI. We also compared a subset of samples with L. helicina from previous studies to find connections between populations from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Results. 65 individual L. helinica from the Kara Sea were sequenced to produce 19 different haplotypes. This is comparable with numbers of haplotypes found in Svalbard and Pacific samples (24 and 25, respectively). Haplotypes from different locations sampled around Arctic and Subarctic were combined into two significantly different groups: H1 and H2. The H2 includes sequences from the Kara Sea and Svalbard, was present only in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic. The other genetic group, H1, is widespread and found throughout all L. helicina populations. Phi-st analyses also indicated significant genetic difference between the Atlantic and Pacific regions, but no differences between Svalbard and the Kara Sea. Discussion. The obtained results support our hypothesis about genetic similarity of L. helicina populations from the Kara Sea and Svalbard: the majority of haplotypes belongs to the haplotype group H2, with the H1 group representing a minority of the haplotypes present. In contrast, in the Canadian Arctic and the Pacific Ocean only haplogroup H1 is found. The negative values of Fu's Fs indicate directed selection or expansion of the population. The reason for this pattern could be due to an isolation of the Limacina helicina population during the Pleistocene glaciation and a subsequent rapid expansion of this species after the last glacial maximum.

scholarly journals Genetic population structure of the pelagic mollusk Limacina helicina in the Kara Sea

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Anatolievna Abyzova ◽  
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Nikitin ◽  
Olga Vladimirovna Popova ◽  
Anna Fedorovna Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Atlantic Sector ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Limacina Helicina ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Background Pelagic pteropods Limacina helicina are widespread and can play an important role in the food webs and in biosedimentation in Arctic and Subarctic ecosystems. Previous publications have shown differences in the genetic structure of populations of L. helicina from populations found in the Pacific Ocean and Svalbard area. Currently, there are no data on the genetic structure of L. helicina populations in the seas of the Siberian Arctic. We assessed the genetic structure of L. helicina from the Kara Sea populations and compared them with samples from around Svalbard and the North Pacific. Methods We examined genetic differences in L. helicina from three different locations in the Kara Sea via analysis of a fragment of the mitochondrial gene COI. We also compared a subset of samples with L. helicina from previous studies to find connections between populations from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Results 65 individual L. helinica from the Kara Sea were sequenced to produce 19 different haplotypes. This is comparable with numbers of haplotypes found in Svalbard and Pacific samples (24 and 25, respectively). Haplotypes from different locations sampled around the Arctic and Subarctic were combined into two different groups: H1 and H2. The H2 includes sequences from the Kara Sea and Svalbard, was present only in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic. The other genetic group, H1, is widespread and found throughout all L. helicina populations. ϕ ST analyses also indicated significant genetic difference between the Atlantic and Pacific regions, but no differences between Svalbard and the Kara Sea. Discussion The obtained results support our hypothesis about genetic similarity of L. helicina populations from the Kara Sea and Svalbard: the majority of haplotypes belongs to the haplotype group H2, with the H1 group representing a minority of the haplotypes present. In contrast, in the Canadian Arctic and the Pacific Ocean only haplogroup H1 is found. The negative values of Fu’s Fs indicate directed selection or expansion of the population. The reason for this pattern could be an isolation of the Limacina helicina population during the Pleistocene glaciation and a subsequent rapid expansion of this species after the last glacial maximum.

scholarly journals Genetic structure of the crown-of-thorns seastar in the Pacific Ocean, with focus on Guam

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Tusso ◽  
Kerstin Morcinek ◽  
Catherine Vogler ◽  
Peter J. Schupp ◽  
Ciemon F. Caballes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Tropical Coral ◽  
Population Outbreaks ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Western Pacific

Population outbreaks of the corallivorous crown-of-thorns seastar (COTS),Acanthaster ‘planci’ L., are among the most important biological disturbances of tropical coral reefs. Over the past 50 years, several devastating outbreaks have been documented around Guam, an island in the western Pacific Ocean. Previous analyses have shown that in the Pacific Ocean, COTS larval dispersal may be geographically restricted to certain regions. Here, we assess the genetic structure of Pacific COTS populations and compared samples from around Guam with a number of distant localities in the Pacific Ocean, and focused on determining the degree of genetic structure among populations previously considered to be isolated. Using microsatellites, we document substantial genetic structure between 14 localities from different geographical regions in the Pacific Ocean. Populations from the 14 locations sampled were found to be structured in three significantly differentiated groups: (1) all locations immediately around Guam, as well as Kingman Reef and Swains Island; (2) Japan, Philippines, GBR and Vanuatu; and (3) Johnston Atoll, which was significantly different from all other localities. The lack of genetic differentiation between Guam and extremely distant populations from Kingman Reef and Swains Island suggests potential long-distance dispersal of COTS in the Pacific.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Arctic Ocean north of the Pacific Ocean

Eos ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (39) ◽  
pp. 384-384
Author(s):  
Kathleen Crane ◽  
Jacqueline Grebmeier
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Numerical modeling of the consequences of "marine heatwaves" in the North Pacific for the Arctic Ocean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Golubeva ◽  
Gennady Platov ◽  
Marina Kraineva
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
The North ◽  
Pacific Waters ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North Pacific

<p>As a result of the analysis of the NOAA surface temperature observational data (Huang et al., 2020), the periods corresponding to "marine heatwaves" in the northeastern Pacific Ocean (2013-2019) were identified. Marine heatwaves were defined as exceeding the 90th percentile threshold. The same analysis of the temperature in the Bering Strait's immediate vicinity showed anomalously warm waters in the same years. Analysis of the pressure field, which forms the atmosphere's dynamic state and affects the water circulation system of the Bering Sea, allowed us to assume the inflow of anomalously warm Pacific waters into the Chukchi Sea. To analyze the North Pacific heatwaves' consequences for the Arctic Ocean, we carried out two numerical experiments using the regional ocean and sea ice model SibCIOM (Golubeva et al., 2018) and NCEP/NCAR atmospheric reanalysis data (Kalnay et al., 1996). The first numerical experiment was carried out to calculate hydrodynamic and ice fields from January 2000 to November 2020 (Experiment 1). On the Arctic and the Pacific Ocean boundary in the Bering Strait, we used the monthly average climatic values ​​of the transport, temperature, and salinity of waters coming from the Pacific Ocean. Experiment 2 was carried out from 2014 to November 2020. The calculated values ​​of hydrological and ice characteristics obtained in Experiment 1 were used as the initial state for this experiment. In contrast to Experiment 1,  a heat flux exceeding the average climatic values ​​was set at the Bering Strait in Experiment 2. Its assignment was provided by using temperature values ​​from observational data in the Bering Strait vicinity (Huang et al., 2020). Comparison of monthly average hydrological and ice fields obtained in two numerical experiments and analysis of numerical results showed that an increase in the temperature of the Pacific waters entering the Arctic shelf through the Bering Strait leads to an increase in the heat content of the Chukchi Sea waters, heat transfer by currents in the surface and subsurface layers, a gradual increase in the heat content of the Beaufort Sea, and the reduction of Arctic ice cover. The increase in heat content in Experiment 2 for the Beaufort Sea was obtained in both the upper 50-meter and 250-meter layers.</p><p>The research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant №. 19-17-00154.</p>

Genetic structure in two Phascolosoma species in the Pacific Ocean

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 739-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan D. Johnson ◽  
Anja Schulze
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Comparison of Hygroscopicity, Volatility, and Mixing State of Submicrometer Particles between Cruises over the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (20) ◽  
pp. 12024-12035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gibaek Kim ◽  
Hee-joo Cho ◽  
Arom Seo ◽  
Dohyung Kim ◽  
Yeontae Gim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mixing State ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Pacific Ocean
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