scholarly journals Assessment of the groundwater quantitative status in the Aosta Plain (North-West Italy): applicability of the national guidelines defined by ISPRA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennaro A. Stefania ◽  
Michele Bigoni ◽  
Chiara Zanotti ◽  
Marco Rotiroti ◽  
Fulvio Simonetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
North West ◽  
Future Assessment ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Nw Italy ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Critical Aspects

The EU Water Framework Directive requires Member States to assess the quantitative and qualitative status of groundwater bodies and to achieve a good status by 2027. The present study was developed in order to assess the groundwater quantitative status in the Aosta Plain (NW Italy), following the methodology proposed through a guideline defined by the Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), with the aim of supporting local authorities in their periodic assessment of water bodies status. In the study area, during the period 2000-2017, groundwater levels were measured in 213 wells and piezometers. Performing the four tests required by the abovementioned guideline, the quantitative status was assessed on the basis of multi-year groundwater level variations, water balance and the interconnections of groundwater with surface water bodies and groundwaterdependent ecosystems. A good status was assessed for the study area, although some critical aspects emerged from the application of the guideline methodology: the data collected by the monitoring network are not sufficiently robust in terms of sample size, spatial distribution, temporal interval and frequency to fulfill the requirements of the guideline methodology. Therefore, some recommendations to improve the data quality and better address the future assessment of groundwater quantitative status were given.

scholarly journals How to Implement User-Friendly BLMs in the Absence of DOC Monitoring Data: A Case Study on Bulgarian Surface Waters

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Tony Venelinov ◽  
Stefan Tsakovski
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Biotic Ligand ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
User Friendly

The metal bioavailability concept is implemented in the Water Framework Directive (WFD) compliance assessment. The bioavailability assessment is usually performed by the application of user-friendly Biotic Ligand Models (BLMs), which require dissolved metal concentrations to be used with the “matching” data of the supporting physicochemical parameters of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pH and Cadissolved. Many national surface water monitoring networks do not have sufficient matching data records, especially for DOC. In this study, different approaches for dealing with the missing DOC data are presented: substitution using historical data; the appropriate percentile of DOC concentrations; and combinations of the two. The applicability of the three following proposed substitution approaches is verified by comparison with the available matching data: (i) calculations from available TOC data; (ii) the 25th percentile of the joint Bulgarian monitoring network DOC data (measured and calculated by TOC); and (iii) the 25th percentile of the calculated DOC from the matching TOC data for the investigated surface water body (SWB). The application of user-friendly BLMs (BIO-MET, M-BAT and PNEC Pro) to 13 surface water bodies (3 reservoirs and 10 rivers) in the Bulgarian surface waters monitoring network outlines that the suitability of the substitution approaches decreases in order: DOC calculated by TOC > the use of the 25th percentile of the data for respective SWB > the use of the 25th percentile of the Bulgarian monitoring network data. Additionally, BIO-MET is the most appropriate tool for the bioavailability assessment of Cu, Zn and Pb in Bulgarian surface water bodies.

scholarly journals Appropriateness of antibiotics for medical prophylaxis: evaluation of data from the Italian PPS-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Cremona ◽  
J Garlasco ◽  
I Gintoli ◽  
A D'Ambrosio ◽  
F Quattrocolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
High Rate ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Evaluation Of Data ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Made In

Abstract Background Antibiotics (AB) are administered for medical prophylaxis (MP) to prevent infectious complications. The second national point prevalence survey (PPS) of healthcare-associated infections and AB use was conducted in Italy in 2016-2017. The survey found MP accounted for nearly 25% of all registered ABs, more than twice the EU/EEA proportion. The aim of this study was to evaluate how many ABs were administered for MP and how frequently general indications were followed. Methods Data from the PPS were used to evaluate the prevalence of indications for MP over the total number of ABs, the proportion - among these indications - of those justified by a motivation in the patients' charts, and the prevalence of ABs considered appropriate for MP. The evaluation was made in 12 hospitals out of 14 participating in the PPS in Piedmont, chosen on the basis of patient traceability. According to national guidelines, the indications for MP that were considered appropriate in this study were: Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for P. carinii pneumonia, Rifaximin for diverticulitis, Penicillin for Streptococcal infections and for splenectomized patients, and Rifampin for TB infections. Results 1844 AB prescriptions were registered among 1334 traceable inpatients in Piedmont. The prevalence of indications for MP was 16.2% and 253 ABs (84.6%) were prescribed with a motivation. Only 3% of ABs registered as MP were appropriate for this indication: Bactrim 2%, Rifaximin 0.3%, Penicillin 0.2% and Rifampin 0.4%. Conclusions This study found an extremely high rate of inappropriate ABs for MP, that will be further investigated through qualitative analysis of medical records to evaluate whether a misunderstanding of the PPS protocol occurred and empirical therapy was confused with MP. Nevertheless, this study highlighted the need for interventions to improve prescribing appropriateness for MP. Key messages This study found that only 2.98% of ABs registered as MP among traceable patients in Piedmont were appropriate for this indication. 15.38% of prescriptions for MP were not justified by a motivation. Interventions to improve prescribing appropriateness for MP could lead to a considerable reduction in inappropriate use of ABs, which is crucial in a country facing hyperendemic levels of AMR.

scholarly journals Catchments of German Surface Water Bodies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Gericke ◽  
Judith Mahnkopf ◽  
Markus Venohr
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies
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