scholarly journals Time line of redox events in aging postmitotic cells

eLife ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Brandes ◽  
Heather Tienson ◽  
Antje Lindemann ◽  
Victor Vitvitsky ◽  
Dana Reichmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Free Radical Theory ◽  
Radical Theory ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Theory Of Aging ◽  
Substantial Drop

The precise roles that oxidants play in lifespan and aging are still unknown. Here, we report the discovery that chronologically aging yeast cells undergo a sudden redox collapse, which affects over 80% of identified thiol-containing proteins. We present evidence that this redox collapse is not triggered by an increase in endogenous oxidants as would have been postulated by the free radical theory of aging. Instead it appears to be instigated by a substantial drop in cellular NADPH, which normally provides the electron source for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. This decrease in NADPH levels occurs very early during lifespan and sets into motion a cascade that is predicted to down-regulate most cellular processes. Caloric restriction, a near-universal lifespan extending measure, increases NADPH levels and delays each facet of the cascade. Our studies reveal a time line of events leading up to the system-wide oxidation of the proteome days before cell death.

scholarly journals A midlife crisis for the mitochondrial free radical theory of aging

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A Stuart ◽  
Lucas A Maddalena ◽  
Max Merilovich ◽  
Ellen L Robb
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Theory ◽  
Radical Theory ◽  
Midlife Crisis ◽  
Theory Of Aging

The inflammatory process in aging

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae Young Chung ◽  
Hyon Jeen Kim ◽  
Kyung Jin Jung ◽  
Ji Sung Yoon ◽  
Mi Ae Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Free Radical Theory ◽  
Radical Theory ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
Theory Of Aging ◽  
Aging Phenomena

Aging processes are time-dependent, deteriorative functional changes. These functional changes lead to a progressive loss of the organism’s ability to withstand both internal and environmental stresses, causing the failure of cellular homeostasis. Among the modern hypotheses, the ‘Oxidative Stress Hypothesis’ offers the best mechanistic elucidation of aging phenomena. Based on the ‘Free Radical Theory of Aging’, this hypothesis has gained popularity among researchers in the field of gerontology as well as other biomedical fields. Its primary premise proposes that aging and its related disease processes are the net result of free radical-induced damage, asserting further that an organism’s inability to produce counterbalancing antioxidative defences, i.e. defences that offset disturbances in the redox state, underlies its cause.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Longevity in Okinawa: An Investigation of Blood Lipid Peroxidation and Tocopherol in Okinawan Centenarians

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Suzuki ◽  
D. Craig Willcox ◽  
Matthew W. Rosenbaum ◽  
Bradley J. Willcox
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Human Longevity ◽  
Free Radical Theory ◽  
Radical Theory ◽  
Theory Of Aging

Background. The Free Radical Theory of Aging mechanistically links oxidative stress to aging. Okinawa has among the world's longest-lived populations but oxidative stress in this population has not been well characterized.Methods. We compared plasma lipid peroxide (LPO) and vitamin E—plasma and intracellular tocopherol levels (total α, β, and γ), in centenarians with younger controls.Results. Both LPO and vitamin E tocopherols were lower in centenarians, with the exception of intracellular β-tocopherol, which was significantly higher in centenarians versus younger controls. There were no significant differences between age groups for tocopherol: cholesterol and tocopherol: LPO ratios. Correlations were found between α-Tocopherol and LPO in septuagenarians but not in centenarians.Conclusions. The low plasma level of LPO in Okinawan centenarians, compared to younger controls, argues for protection against oxidative stress in the centenarian population and is consistent with the predictions of the Free Radical Theory of Aging. However, the present work does not strongly support a role for vitamin E in this phenomenon. The role of intracellular β-tocopherol deserves additional study. More research is needed on the contribution of oxidative stress and antioxidants to human longevity.

Free-Radical Theory of Aging

2013 ◽  
pp. 816-817
Author(s):  
Lindy Clemson ◽  
J. Rick Turner ◽  
J. Rick Turner ◽  
Farrah Jacquez ◽  
Whitney Raglin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Theory ◽  
Radical Theory ◽  
Theory Of Aging
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