scholarly journals Decoupling from yolk sac is required for extraembryonic tissue spreading in the scuttle fly Megaselia abdita

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Caroti ◽  
Everardo González Avalos ◽  
Viola Noeske ◽  
Paula González Avalos ◽  
Dimitri Kromm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Tissue Expansion ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Animal Development ◽  
Tissue Interactions ◽  
Megaselia Abdita

Extraembryonic tissues contribute to animal development, which often entails spreading over embryo or yolk. Apart from changes in cell shape, the requirements for this tissue spreading are not well understood. Here, we analyze spreading of the extraembryonic serosa in the scuttle fly Megaselia abdita. The serosa forms from a columnar blastoderm anlage, becomes a squamous epithelium, and eventually spreads over the embryo proper. We describe the dynamics of this process in long-term, whole-embryo time-lapse recordings, demonstrating that free serosa spreading is preceded by a prolonged pause in tissue expansion. Closer examination of this pause reveals mechanical coupling to the underlying yolk sac, which is later released. We find mechanical coupling prolonged and serosa spreading impaired after knockdown of M. abdita Matrix metalloprotease 1. We conclude that tissue–tissue interactions provide a critical functional element to constrain spreading epithelia.

scholarly journals Decoupling from yolk sac is required for extraembryonic tissue spreading in the scuttle fly Megaselia abdita

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Caroti ◽  
Everardo González Avalos ◽  
Viola Noeske ◽  
Paula González Avalos ◽  
Dimitri Kromm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Expansion ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Extraembryonic Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Animal Development ◽  
Tissue Interactions ◽  
Megaselia Abdita ◽  
Mechanical Decoupling

ABSTRACTExtraembryonic tissues contribute to animal development, which often entails spreading over embryo or yolk. Apart from changes in cell shape, the requirements for this tissue spreading are not well understood. Here we analyze spreading of the extraembryonic serosa in the scuttle fly Megaselia abdita. The serosa forms from a columnar blastoderm anlage, becomes a squamous epithelium, and eventually spreads over the embryo proper. We describe the dynamics of this process in long-term, whole-embryo time-lapse recordings, demonstrating that free serosa spreading is preceded by a prolonged pause in tissue expansion. Closer examination of this pause reveals mechanical coupling to the underlying yolk sac, which is later released. We find mechanical coupling prolonged and serosa spreading impaired after knockdown of M. abdita Matrix metalloprotease 1. We conclude that tissue-tissue interactions provide a critical functional element to constrain spreading epithelia.Impact StatementExtraembryonic tissue spreading in the scuttle fly Megaselia abdita requires mechanical decoupling from the underlying yolk sac.

scholarly journals Fertility and Pregnancy in End Stage Kidney Failure Patients and after Renal Transplantation: An Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-108
Author(s):  
Maurizio Salvadori ◽  
Aris Tsalouchos
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
End Stage Kidney Disease ◽  
Correct Evaluation ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
End Stage

Sexual life and fertility are compromised in end stage kidney disease both in men and in women. Successful renal transplantation may rapidly recover fertility in the vast majority of patients. Pregnancy modifies anatomical and functional aspects in the kidney and represents a risk of sensitization that may cause acute rejection. Independently from the risks for the graft, pregnancy in kidney transplant may cause preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, and low birth weight. The nephrologist has a fundamental role in correct counseling, in a correct evaluation of the mother conditions, and in establishing a correct time lapse between transplantation and conception. Additionally, careful attention must be given to the antirejection therapy, avoiding drugs that could be dangerous to the newborn. Due to the possibility of medical complications during pregnancy, a correct follow-up should be exerted. Even if pregnancy in transplant is considered a high risk one, several data and studies document that in the majority of patients, the long-term follow-up and outcomes for the graft may be similar to that of non-pregnant women.

scholarly journals Development of single-cell-level microfluidic technology for long-term growth visualization of living cultures of Mycobacterium smegmatis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Wang ◽  
Gloria M. Conover ◽  
Song-I Han ◽  
James C. Sacchettini ◽  
Arum Han
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Cell Phenotype

AbstractAnalysis of growth and death kinetics at single-cell resolution is a key step in understanding the complexity of the nonreplicating growth phenotype of the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we developed a single-cell-resolution microfluidic mycobacterial culture device that allows time-lapse microscopy-based long-term phenotypic visualization of the live replication dynamics of mycobacteria. This technology was successfully applied to monitor the real-time growth dynamics of the fast-growing model strain Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis) while subjected to drug treatment regimens during continuous culture for 48 h inside the microfluidic device. A clear morphological change leading to significant swelling at the poles of the bacterial membrane was observed during drug treatment. In addition, a small subpopulation of cells surviving treatment by frontline antibiotics was observed to recover and achieve robust replicative growth once regular culture media was provided, suggesting the possibility of identifying and isolating nonreplicative mycobacteria. This device is a simple, easy-to-use, and low-cost solution for studying the single-cell phenotype and growth dynamics of mycobacteria, especially during drug treatment.

scholarly journals Research Note Effects of preincubation and higher initiating incubation temperature of long-term stored hatching eggs on hatchability and day-old chick and yolk sac weight

2021 ◽  
pp. 101293
Author(s):  
Martina Pesanova Tesarova ◽  
Marketa Skoupa ◽  
Marian Foltyn ◽  
Zdenek Tvrdon ◽  
Martina Lichovnikova
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Hatching Eggs

scholarly journals Long-term time-lapse microgravity and geotechnical monitoring of relict salt mines, Marston, Cheshire, U. K.

Geophysics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. B287-B294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie K. Pringle ◽  
Peter Styles ◽  
Claire P. Howell ◽  
Michael W. Branston ◽  
Rebecca Furner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Lapse ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Geotechnical Monitoring ◽  
Salt Mines ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mine Workings ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Town

The area around the town of Northwich in Cheshire, U. K., has a long history of catastrophic ground subsidence caused by a combination of natural dissolution and collapsing abandoned mine workings within the underlying Triassic halite bedrock geology. In the village of Marston, the Trent and Mersey Canal crosses several abandoned salt mine workings and previously subsiding areas, the canal being breached by a catastrophic subsidence event in 1953. This canal section is the focus of a long-term monitoring study by conventional geotechnical topographic and microgravity surveys. Results of 20 years of topographic time-lapse surveys indicate specific areas of local subsidence that could not be predicted by available site and mine abandonment plan and shaft data. Subsidence has subsequently necessitated four phases of temporary canal bank remediation. Ten years of microgravity time-lapse data have recorded major deepening negative anomalies in specific sections that correlate with topographic data. Gravity 2D modeling using available site data found upwardly propagating voids, and associated collapse material produced a good match with observed microgravity data. Intrusive investigations have confirmed a void at the major anomaly. The advantages of undertaking such long-term studies for near-surface geophysicists, geotechnical engineers, and researchers working in other application areas are discussed.

Value Creation by a Long-term Time-lapse Processing Approach on the Heidrun Field

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fischer ◽  
P. Smith ◽  
N. Sørenes ◽  
E. Teichmann ◽  
H. Blekastad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Processing Approach

Subglottic Ulceration and Healing following Endotracheal Intubation in the Neonate: A Morphometric Study

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
pp. 815-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Gould ◽  
Martin Young
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Subglottic Stenosis ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Morphometric Study

In neonates, acquired subglottic stenosis is the most serious long-term complication of endotracheal intubation and is due primarily to posttraumatic fibrosis of the infant larynx. We have examined 78 larynges, 75 of which were intubated, from infants ranging in gestation from 22 to 40 weeks, and who survived from a few hours to up to 300 days. Each larynx was morphometrically assessed for the extent of acute injury, indicated by the percentage of epithelial loss, and healing, indicated by the percentage of a subglottic ulcer covered by metaplastic squamous epithelium. Results show that acute injury is almost invariable, and up to 100% of the subglottic epithelium may be lost within a few hours of intubation, but that progression of injury is relatively short-lived. Ulcer healing starts after a few days, rapidly progresses from day 10, and in the majority of cases is complete after 30 days. This study suggests that long-standing acute injury in the subglottis is the exception rather than the rule, even with the endotracheal tube remaining in place.

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