scholarly journals Experience, circuit dynamics, and forebrain recruitment in larval zebrafish prey capture

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire S Oldfield ◽  
Irene Grossrubatscher ◽  
Mario Chávez ◽  
Adam Hoagland ◽  
Alex R Huth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prey Capture ◽  
Visual Area ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Larval Zebrafish ◽  
Retinotopic Maps ◽  
Trigger Activity ◽  
Brain Circuitry ◽  
Evoked Activity ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Motor Areas

Experience influences behavior, but little is known about how experience is encoded in the brain, and how changes in neural activity are implemented at a network level to improve performance. Here we investigate how differences in experience impact brain circuitry and behavior in larval zebrafish prey capture. We find that experience of live prey compared to inert food increases capture success by boosting capture initiation. In response to live prey, animals with and without prior experience of live prey show activity in visual areas (pretectum and optic tectum) and motor areas (cerebellum and hindbrain), with similar visual area retinotopic maps of prey position. However, prey-experienced animals more readily initiate capture in response to visual area activity and have greater visually-evoked activity in two forebrain areas: the telencephalon and habenula. Consequently, disruption of habenular neurons reduces capture performance in prey-experienced fish. Together, our results suggest that experience of prey strengthens prey-associated visual drive to the forebrain, and that this lowers the threshold for prey-associated visual activity to trigger activity in motor areas, thereby improving capture performance.

Prey Capture by Larval Zebrafish: Evidence for Fine Axial Motor Control

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Borla ◽  
Betsy Palecek ◽  
Seth Budick ◽  
Donald M. O’Malley
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Larval Zebrafish

Effects of Prey Abundance on the Development of the Spider Agelenopsis potteri (Blackwall) (Araneae: Agelenidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Prey Abundance ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Line Relationship

AbstractAgelenopsis potteri (Blackwall) spiders that were reared from egg to adult on live prey (Aedes aegypti L.) supplied at different daily rates varied in the rate that they were able to capture prey, grow, and attain maturity. Mortality varied inversely with feeding rates, but some spiders matured at each feeding rate. All spiders matured in seven stages regardless of the rate of feeding. Both sexes were mature following the sixth moult. The rate of prey capture declined sharply in the adults. Males matured about four days sooner than females. A straight-line relationship exists between the rate at which prey were captured and the dry weights of the adult spiders. A straight-line relationship was also found between the numbers of prey captured per day and the daily development of the spider.

scholarly journals Brain Plasticity and Behavior

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Kolb ◽  
Robbin Gibb ◽  
Terry E. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Brain Circuitry ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Brain

Although the brain was once seen as a rather static organ, it is now clear that the organization of brain circuitry is constantly changing as a function of experience. These changes are referred to as brain plasticity, and they are associated with functional changes that include phenomena such as memory, addiction, and recovery of function. Recent research has shown that brain plasticity and behavior can be influenced by a myriad of factors, including both pre- and postnatal experience, drugs, hormones, maturation, aging, diet, disease, and stress. Understanding how these factors influence brain organization and function is important not only for understanding both normal and abnormal behavior, but also for designing treatments for behavioral and psychological disorders ranging from addiction to stroke.

Quantitative analysis of prey-capture kinematics in Anolis equestris (Reptilia: Iguanidae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2192-2198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent L. Bels
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Original Position ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Capture Process ◽  
Locomotor System ◽  
Cyclic Movement

High-speed cinematography was employed to study the mechanics of prey capture in Anolis equestris. Capture of live prey (adult locusts) consists of a cyclic movement of the upper and lower jaws combined with tongue protraction. Kinematic profiles are presented for the jaws, tongue, and forelimbs. The tongue is projected during the "slow open" stage and most of the "fast open" stage. The tongue protrudes beyond the mandibular symphysis during the slow open stage, and rotates simultaneously around a transverse anteromedian axis. The prey is thus contacted by the dorsal sticky surface of the tongue, and then pulled backward into the oral cavity by a combination of a forward movement of the jaws and retraction of the tongue. Gape angle, defined as the angle between the upper and lower jaws, continues to increase during the initial stages of tongue retraction. During the capture process, the anterior part of the body lunges forward, followed by a return to its original position; this displacement is mediated by the forelimbs, which usually remain well anchored to the floor. The cyclic food-capture movements of the jaws and tongue–hyoid system in A. equestris (Iguanidae) and Chameleo dilepis (Chamaeleontidae) are compared. I argue that one of the primary selection forces in the evolution of the different mechanisms of prey prehension in these two lizard groups was enhancement of the locomotor system and, consequently, foraging ability.

Mechanisms of Feature- and Space-Based Attention: Response Modulation and Baseline Increases

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 2110-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. McMains ◽  
Hilda M. Fehd ◽  
Tatiana-Aloi Emmanouil ◽  
Sabine Kastner
Keyword(s):  
Target Location ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Visual Area ◽  
Response Modulation ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Attentional Modulation ◽  
Stimulus Preference ◽  
Baseline Activity ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Evoked Activity

Selective attention modulates neural activity in the visual system both in the presence and in the absence of visual stimuli. When subjects direct attention to a particular location in a visual scene in anticipation of the stimulus onset, there is an increase in baseline activity. How do such baseline increases relate to the attentional modulation of stimulus-driven activity? Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we demonstrate that baseline increases related to the expectation of motion or color stimuli at a peripheral target location do not predict the modulation of neural responses evoked by these stimuli when attended. In areas such as MT and TEO that were more effectively activated by one stimulus type than the other, attentional modulation of visually evoked activity depended on the stimulus preference of a visual area and was stronger for the effective than for the noneffective stimulus. In contrast, baseline increases did not reflect the stimulus preference of a visual area. Rather, these signals were shown to be spatially specific and appeared to be dominated by the location information and not by the feature information of the cue with the experimental paradigms under study. These findings provide evidence that baseline increases in visual cortex during cue periods do not reflect the activation of a memory template that includes particular stimulus properties of the expected target, but rather carry information about the location of an expected target stimulus. In addition, when the stimulus contained both color and motion, an object-based attention effect was observed, with significant attentional modulation in the area that responded preferentially to the unattended feature.

scholarly journals Predicting functional neuroanatomical maps from fusing brain networks with genetic information

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Ganglberger ◽  
Joanna Kaczanowska ◽  
Josef M. Penninger ◽  
Andreas Hess ◽  
Katja Bühler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Information ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Neural Circuitry ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Functional Neuroanatomy ◽  
Meta Data ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Control Brain ◽  
Brain Circuitry ◽  
And Behavior

SummaryA central aim, from basic neuroscience to psychiatry, is to resolve how genes control brain circuitry and behavior. This is experimentally hard, since most brain functions and behaviors are controlled by multiple genes. In low throughput, one gene at a time, experiments, it is therefore difficult to delineate the neural circuitry through which these sets of genes express their behavioral effects. The increasing amount of publicly available brain and genetic data offers a rich source that could be mined to address this problem computationally. However, most computational approaches are not tailored to reflect functional synergies in brain circuitry accumulating within sets of genes. Here, we developed an algorithm that fuses gene expression and connectivity data with functional genetic meta data and exploits such cumulative effects to predict neuroanatomical maps for multigenic functions. These maps recapture known functional anatomical annotations from literature and functional MRI data. When applied to meta data from mouse QTLs and human neuropsychiatric databases, our method predicts functional maps underlying behavioral or psychiatric traits. We show that it is possible to predict functional neuroanatomy from mouse and human genetic meta data and provide a discovery tool for high throughput functional exploration of brain anatomy in silico.

scholarly journals A head-mounted multi-camera system for electrophysiology and behavior in freely-moving mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Sattler ◽  
Michael Wehr
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Active Perception ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Ocular Reflex ◽  
Vestibulo Ocular Reflex ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Comprehensive Measurement ◽  
Final Degree

AbstractAdvances in the ability to monitor freely-moving mice may prove valuable for the study of behavior and its neural correlates. Here we describe a head-mounted multi-camera system for mice, comprised of inexpensive miniature analog camera modules. We illustrate the use of this system with several natural behaviors including prey capture, courtship, jumping, and exploration. With a four-camera headset, monitoring the eyes, ears, whiskers, rhinarium, and binocular visual field can all be achieved simultaneously with high-density electrophysiology. With appropriate focus and positioning, all eye movements can be captured, including cyclotorsion. For studies of vision and eye movements, cyclotorsion provides the final degree of freedom required to reconstruct the visual scene in retinotopic coordinates or to investigate the vestibulo-ocular reflex in mice. Altogether, this system allows for comprehensive measurement of freely-moving mouse behavior, enabling a more holistic and multimodal approach to investigate ethological behaviors and other processes of active perception.

scholarly journals Plasticity of the dopaminergic phenotype and of locomotion in larval zebrafish induced by changes in brain excitability during the embryonic period.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Bataille ◽  
Hadrien Jalaber ◽  
Ingrid Colin ◽  
Damien Rémy ◽  
Pierre Affaticati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Embryonic Period ◽  
Neuronal Communication ◽  
Larval Zebrafish ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
And Behavior

Neuronal communication starts before the establishment of the synapses with forms of neuronal excitability occurring during the embryonic period, we called here Embryonic Neuronal Excitability (ENE). ENE has been shown to modulate the correct unfolding of development transcriptional programs but the global consequences for the developing organisms are not all understood. Here we monitored calcium transients as a proxy for ENE in zebrafish to assess the efficacy of transient pharmacological treatments applied by balneation during the embryonic period to modulate ENE. We also report lasting effects of 24h treatments, performed at the end of the embryonic development, on morphology and behavior of larval zebrafish. The post-mitotic differentiation of the dopaminergic phenotype is modulated by ENE in the forebrain. The plasticity of the dopaminergic specification occurs within a stable population of vMAT2 immuno-reactive cells, hence identifying an unanticipated biological marker for this reserve pool. We also report an effect of ENE on locomotion several days after the end of the treatments. In particular, the increase of ENE from 2 to 3 dpf promoted an hyperlocomotion in 6dpf zebrafish larvae which is an endophenotype for Attention Deficit with Hyperactivity Disorders and schizophrenia in zebrafish. These results provide a convenient framework to identify environmental factors that could regulate ENE and to study further the molecular mechanisms linking ENE to the neurotransmitters specification, with clinical relevance for the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders.

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