scholarly journals Challenges and Constraints to Recognition in the Field of Freedom of Circulation: The Relevance of the Fraus Legis Institute in European Union Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Dulce Lopes
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
State Of Affairs

The relevance of fraus legis – a falsely presented state of affairs – both in internal and private international law, and particularly within recognition procedures, has not been undisputed throughout the years. And in the midst of integration or close cooperation arrangements it might seem that the institute of fraus legis would definitively lose its interest due to an “unshaken” mutual confidence in the activity of other public authorities. This is however not the case, as demonstrated by European Union law where both legislative and case law examples show the renewed importance of such truthfulness or veracity requirement. Bearing this is mind, the present article has a dual purpose: the first aims to describe the legal concept of recognition in its diversity and richness. As an aggregating factor we will subsequently turn our attention to the “internal structure” of that concept and to the conditions or requisites it is dependent upon. One of such conditions is precisely the control of veracity of the act or situation that aims to be recognised by the receiving State.

scholarly journals Las insolvencias transfronterizas en la Unión Europea: perspectivas jurisprudenciales y retos = Cross-border insolvencies in the European Union: recent case law and new challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Elisa Torralba Mendiola
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Insolvency Proceedings

  Resumen: El Reglamento 848/2015, sobre procedimientos de insolvencia regula los problemas de Derecho internacional privado que suscitan las situaciones concursales en el ámbito de la Unión Euro­pea. En este trabajo se analiza la más reciente jurisprudencia del TJUE en materia concursal y los retos que se plantean a día de hoy en el tratamiento de la materia, que ponen de relieve la necesidad de adaptar la aplicación de los textos legales a situaciones políticas –y jurídicas– cambiantes.Palabras clave: insolvencia, cooperación, competencia.Abstract: Regulation 2015/848 on Insolvency Proceedings rules the private international law mat­ters regarding insolvencies within the European Union. This paper analyses the most recent case law of the EUCJ and the challenges actually existing in this area, that evidence the need to adapt the application of the rules to the changing legal and political context.Keywords: insolvency, cooperation, jurisdiction.

JURYSDYKCJA SZCZEGÓLNA W SPRAWACH O NARUSZENIE DÓBR OSOBISTYCH W INTERNECIE Z PERSPEKTYWY PRAWA UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-261
Author(s):  
Karol Karski ◽  
Bartłomiej Oręziak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
European Union Member States

This article aims to analyze the European Union law in terms of the jurisdiction applicable in cases of infringement of personal rights on the Internet. After a short introduction to issues of technical, technological and civilizational progress, consideration is given to the fact that the Internet has become a common platform of human activity. The role, characteristics, and specificity of this state of affairs are presented, and the consequences assessed. The paper then turns to the fact that the problem of determining the applicable jurisdiction in the European Union law is based on general terms from which there are normative exceptions. Such exceptions include a special jurisdiction mechanism that is analysed in this paper. With regard to the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the paper proposes ways the jurisdiction of European Union Member States should be determined in cases of infringement of personal rights on the Internet. The paper also contains postulates related to the interpretation of relevant Union legislation, which are directed to legislative and judicial authorities. The discussion is closed with a brief summary of the authors’ reflections on the analysed issues, as well as some comments on the recent relevant cases.

scholarly journals Kwalifikacja w prawie prywatnym międzynarodowym Unii Europejskiej. Od kwalifikacji autonomicznej ku… kwalifikacji według kolizyjnej legis fori?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pacuła
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Conflict Of Laws ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Eu

The terms ‘characterization’ (‘classification’) and ‘exercise of characterization’ refer in particular to the efforts made to determine which conflict of law rule — and in the sense presented in this paper, also rule on jurisdiction — which is part of the law of the forum State, should be applied to the circumstances of a particular case. In relation to the norms of private international law of the European Union, the triumph of an autonomous characterization at first sight seems undeniable. The term autonomous characterization (in principle — ‘autonomous interpretation’, the case law usually does not distinguish between exercise of characterization and exercise of interpretation) has been referred to over the last fifty years in order to describe the vast majority of operations of interpretation undertaken in relation to the norms of EU private international law. The contemporary concept of characterization in private law of the European Union, although consistently referred to as ‘autonomous’, does not fully meet the criteria thereof. The papers argues that while the starting point was the autonomous characterization in its pure form (stage one), over time it partially gave way to the place of characterization according to the EU law-oriented legis fori (stage two), and finally it was enriched with new elements which gave it the form of a specific functional characterization (stage three). It is not so much about the consistency of the results of the exercises of characterization with the universal understanding of certain concepts. Exercises of characterization are carried out through the prism of their effects, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the norms of EU law (effet utile) other than rules on conflict of laws and on jurisdiction.

scholarly journals La localizzacione dell’illecito concorrenziale nel regime di Bruxelles: riflessioni alla luce della Sentenza FLYLAL II della Corte di Giustizia dell’Unione Europea = The localization of antitrust torts underthe Brussels regime: reflections in the light of the Judgment FLYLAL II of the Court of Justice of the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Caterina Benini
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Private Enforcement ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Antitrust Enforcement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
State Of Affairs

Riassunto: Nella sentenza flyLAL II la Corte di giustizia dell’Unione Europea ha affermato che un calo delle vendite provocato da un illecito concorrenziale costituisce il “danno” rilevante agli effetti della individuazione del giudice competente ai sensi dell’art. 5 n. 3 del regolamento (CE) n. 44/2001 (“Bruxelles I”) e ha ritenuto che tale danno vada localizzato nel paese in cui si trova il mercato inte­ressato dagli effetti dell’illecito. Lo scritto, prendendo spunto da questa sentenza, esamina criticamente la disciplina internazionalprivatistica europea degli illeciti concorrenziali, soffermandosi sulle ricadute negative della stessa in termini di private antitrust enforcement. Dinnanzi a questo stato delle cose, la soluzione della Corte appare perseguire l’obiettivo di garantire coerenza tra la disposizione oggetto di pronuncia e l’art. 6, par. 3, lett. a), del regolamento (CE) n. 864/2007 (“Roma II”) sulla legge applicabile alle obbligazioni extracontrattuali derivanti da atti limitativi della concorrenza. Essa inoltre agevola il private enforcement del diritto della concorrenza, contribuendo al contempo alla funzione regolatoria del diritto internazionale privato nel contesto regionale dell’Unione Europea.Parole chiave: illeciti concorrenziali, foro speciale degli illeciti, localizzazione del danno, criterio del mercato, private antitrust enforcementAbstract: In the flyLAL II judgment, the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that the loss of sales incurred as a result of antitrust tort can be regarded as “damage” for the purposes of iden­tifying the competent jurisdictional authority pursuant to Art. 5 n. 3 of the Regulation (EC) n. 44/2001 (“Brussels I”) and ruled that such damage is localized in the country whose market was affected by the anticompetitive conduct. Taking that judgment as point of departure, this article critically analyses the EU private international law regime of antitrust torts, focusing on its negative impact on private antitrust enforcement. Given this state of affairs, the solution adopted by the Court seems to pursue the goal of consistency between the provision under scrutiny and Art. 6, par. 3, lit. a), of the Regulation (CE) n. 864/2007 (“Rome II”) on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations arising from acts restricting free competition. It also promotes the private enforcement of antitrust rules, thereby enhancing the re­gulatory function of private international law in the internal market.Keywords: antitrust torts, special jurisdiction in matters relating to tort, localization of the loss, market criterion, private antitrust enforcement.

Recent Developments in European Private International Law under Case Law of the Court of Justice

2019 ◽  
pp. 315-335
Author(s):  
Miroslav Slašťan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Jurisdiction ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Recognition And Enforcement ◽  
The Subject

Within the context of the subject of the Private International Law Section, the contribution identifies selected recent judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union, which indicate further developments in this area of law. The contribution will focus on the provisions for determining international jurisdiction as well as the recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions.

scholarly journals Il Regolamento (UE) n. 1259/2010 sulla legge applicabile al divorzio e alla separazione personale nella recente prassi giurisprudenziale italiana = Recent Italian case-law concerning EU Regulation on the law applicable to divorce and legal separation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Falconi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Conflict Of Laws ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
The Law ◽  
Article 5

Riassunto: Il presente contributo propone una breve analisi della prassi applicativa italiana in relazione al regolamento (UE) n. 1259/2010 in tema di legge applicabile al divorzio e alla separazione personale. Solo in un ristretto numero di casi le parti si sono avvalse della facoltà di optio legis loro concessa dall’art. 5 del regolamento, accordando preferenza alla legge nazionale comune. Più spesso, in mancanza di un accordo delle parti, la legge applicabile è individuata in applicazione dell’art. 8: ciò conduce nella maggior parte delle ipotesi all’applicazione della legge dello Stato di residenza abituale dei coniugi, con il risultato di favorire l’integrazione sociale e ripristinando altresì la corrispondenza tra forum e jus.Parole chiave: Regolamento (UE) n. 1259/2010, divorzio e separazione personale, conflitti di leggi, diritto internazionale privato dell’Unione europea, optio legis, legge applicabile in mancanza di scelta.Abstract: This article offers a brief analysis of the Italian case-law concerning Regulation (EU) No 1259/2010 on the law applicable to divorce and legal separation. Only in a few cases, spouses have chosen the applicable law according to Article 5, by designating the law of their State of nationality. More frequently, absent a valid choice by the spouses, the law applicable to divorce or legal separation has been determined in accordance with Article 8: this usually leads to the application of the law of the country where the spouses are habitually resident, thereby promoting social integration and also restoring the correspondence between forum and jus.Keywords: Regulation (EU) No 1259/2010, divorce and legal separation, conflict-of-laws rules; private international law of the European Union, choice of law agreement, applicable law in the absence of a choice by the parties.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Rome I Regulatıon In Albanıan Prıvate Internatıonal Law

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Ilda Mucmataj
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Conflict Of Laws ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
Rome I ◽  
The Impact

In terms of globalization, the economic activities have overcome national boundaries of states. So due to people’s mobility and their frequent relations in private field, the number of private international actions has increased as well, and gives in this way the importance of private international law. The conflict of law rules in the national law were not unaffected by European integration. So, the developments that took place in the European Union in the field of private international law over the past years had a large impact on the national conflict of laws rules in Albania, especially on the conflict of laws rules of certain specific areas of law. The aim of this article is to analyze the interaction between European Union law and the Albanian conflict of laws rules in the area of contractual obligations. So on one hand, I have presented a general analysis on the main provisions of the EC Regulation No. 593/2008 of The European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the Law applicable to contractual obligations, known as (Rome I), as the role of the European Union is becoming increasingly active in PIL. While, on the other hand I have presented a short introduction of the historical development of APIL and its characteristics and then I have given a comparative view of Albanian Private international Law relating to the contractual obligations with the focus on party autonomy provisions. The article concludes with a short conclusion.

scholarly journals Regulatory activities of the European Union and other states in the international community: The tripartite relationship in the field of private international law

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 106-116
Author(s):  
Tamas Korhecz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Court ◽  
Law Faculty ◽  
International Private Law ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the study above, is the relation between the legislation, the normative system of the European Union and European and other states, with or without membership in European Union, especially in the field of international private law. The author, as visiting professor of International Private Law Faculty of law in Szeged, Hungary, with his short presentation of some legal institutes of international private law, comparing the legislation and the case law of the European Unions and European Court and international private law in general with signed and ratified Conventions, Agreements and Contracts of European and non European states, with and without membership in European Union, trying to make conclusions and to point out the problem of the hierarchy of this law in its application.

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