BASELINE CUTANEOUS BACTERIA OF FREE-LIVING NEW ZEALAND NATIVE FROGS (LEIOPELMA ARCHEYIANDLEIOPELMA HOCHSTETTERI) AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THEIR ROLE IN DEFENSE AGAINST THE AMPHIBIAN CHYTRID (BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie D. Shaw ◽  
Lee Berger ◽  
Sara Bell ◽  
Sarah Dodd ◽  
Tim Y. James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Free Living

Microhabitat characteristics and reproductive status of male Euchordodes nigromaculatus (Nematomorpha)

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Thomas ◽  
A. Schmidt-Rhaesa ◽  
R. Poulin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Current Velocity ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
High Current ◽  
Free Living ◽  
High Current Velocity

In a sample of 61 free-living, postparasitic male Euchordodes nigromaculatus collected from a mountain stream in New Zealand, we found that only large males are found in areas of high current velocity. Thirty-five of the 61 males still contained gametes; these worms were found in wider, deeper, and slower-flowing parts of the stream relative to worms that had released their gametes. These results suggest that the physical characteristics of the immediate microhabitat of male worms can determine their probability of mating.

New free-living marine nematode species (Nematoda: Desmodoridae) from the coast of New Zealand

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2611 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
D. LEDUC ◽  
D. A. WHARTON
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Marine Nematode ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Intertidal Sand

Pseudochromadora reathae n. sp. is described from intertidal sand in Otago Harbour (southern New Zealand), and Pseudodesmodora lacrima n. sp. is described from subtidal sediment in the Firth of Thames (northern New Zealand). Pseudochromadora reathae n. sp. differs from other species of the genus through the combination of the following characters: sexual dimorphism in the shape of the apertura amphidialis, no interdigitation of body annuli at level of lateral alae, presence of eight longitudinal rows of somatic setae, and conspicuous pre-cloacal supplements consisting of star-shaped projections flanked by two cuticularised pieces. Pseudodesmodora lacrima n. sp. is characterised by the presence of large unispiral amphids on amphidial plates, conspicuous ducts in the head region, low a values, and short cephalic setae.

Population ecology of the intertidal anemone Actinia tenebrosa. IV. Growth rates and longevities

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Ottaway
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Population Ecology ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Column Diameter ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Sea Anemones ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Rocky Coast

In all, 82 adults and about 600 juvenile A tenebrosa were tracked for up to 3 years These intertidal sea anemones were free-living on the rocky coast at Kaikoura, New Zealand Regular measurements of column diameters were taken for 2 years Annual growth increments were small for all sizes of A. tenebrosa observed most increments were in the range -2 to 4 mm of column diameter per year, with the smallest anemones havmg the fastest relative mean growth rates From the growth data, A tenebrosa reaches a column diameter of 40 mm in 8-66 years after settlement From mortality data, the observed adults have a predicted mean longevity of at least 50 years and a predicted maximum longevity of at least 210 years.

scholarly journals Three new red algal parasites from New Zealand: Cladhymenia oblongifoliaphila sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae), Phycodrys novae-zelandiaephila sp. nov. (Delesseriaceae) and Judithia parasitica sp. nov. (Kallymeniaceae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Preuss ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Host Switching ◽  
Patchy Distribution ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Plastid Markers ◽  
Host Parasite

2018 International Phycological Society There are over 120 species of red algal parasites (Florideophyceae) but they are often overlooked due to their small size and patchy distribution. Red algal parasites have mostly been described as independent genera but recent phylogenetic studies have shown that parasites are related to free-living relatives, often their hosts, and have been named in these genera to maintain monophyly. We investigated the morphology, distribution and phylogeny, using diverse molecular markers (mitochondrial, nuclear, plastid), of three new red algal parasites in New Zealand. We describe the parasites using morphological and anatomical observations and estimate their distribution by surveying herbarium vouchers. Analyses of reproductive structures and molecular phylogenies indicate that the closest relative of the parasite Phycodrys novae-zelandiaephila sp. nov. is its host, Phycodrys novae-zelandiae. Based on nuclear and mitochondrial markers, the closest relative of the parasite Cladhymenia oblongifoliaphila sp. nov. is its host Cladhymenia oblongifolia but plastid markers group it with Cladhymenia lyallii, suggesting that this species was a past host and the source of parasite plastids. The parasite Judithia parasitica sp. nov. groups with Judithia delicatissima but infects Blastophyllis spp., suggesting that this parasite evolved as a free-living or parasitic Judithia species, and host switching may have occurred. This study adds to our knowledge of New Zealand red algal parasites and highlights contrasting patterns of host–parasite relationships.

scholarly journals First detection of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytridium dendrobatidis) in free- living anuran populations in Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
P. N. AZMANIS ◽  
I. STRACHINIS ◽  
P. LYMBERAKIS ◽  
R. E. MARSCHANG
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis ◽  
Chytrid Fungus ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Bufo Viridis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Water Frogs ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Amphibian Chytrid Fungus

The amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) is a widespread, cosmopolitan pathogen largely affecting free-living amphibian populations. So far there are no published studies for the presence of B. dendrobatidis in Greece. In this preliminary study we sampled 59 metamorphosed anurans from four Greek wetlands. Five samples were positive for the fungus by real-time PCR. B. dendrobatidis was detected in three species (Bufo viridis, Pelophylax epeiroticus, Pelophylax ridibundus) but not in endangered endemic Karpathos water frogs (Pelophylax cerigensis). This is the first report of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in free-living anuran populations from Greece.

A remarkable new genus of carnivorous, sessile bivalves (Mollusca: Anomalodesmata: Poromyidae) with descriptions of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1764 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÉ H. LEAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Lateral Expansion ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Anatomical Characters

Dilemma, a new genus of sessile septibranch bivalves is described. The new taxon encompasses at least three species, of which two are new: D. frumarkernorum new species, from off the Florida Keys, D. spectralis new species, from off Vanuatu, and “Corculum” inexpectatum Crozier, 1966, from off the Three Kings Islands, New Zealand, known only from its shell. The absence of ctenidia and presence of a septum, size and arrangement of siphons and siphonal tentacles, extensive fusion of the mantle margins allocate the new genus within the septibranch bivalves. A siphonal area with 15 tentacles, a large and eversible incurrent siphon, ostial apertures in the septum, and a hermaphroditic reproductive system suggest inclusion in the Poromyidae. The presence of three paired groups of septal ostia in the new genus is a feature shared with poromyids in the genus Cetoconcha. Unusual symmetry and form constitute the most striking features of the new genus. There is a strong anteroposterior compression and lateral expansion associated with ca. 30º rotation of the largest dimension (height) in relation to the anteroposterior axis. The shell hinge includes a single tooth and socket on each valve, and an external, but deeply sunken ligament. The two new species, mutually distinguishable by shell and anatomical characters, are known from live-collected specimens found adhering to rocks by means of robust byssus, which indicates attachment for life. The presence of ostracod remains in the digestive tract of one specimen of one of the new species and of a cirolanid isopod in the stomach of the holotype of the second new species are evidence of predation. Although predation by infaunal and free-living bivalves is known to occur throughout the Anomalodesmata, in particular within the septibranchs, discovery of the new genus reveals an unusual instance of predation by sessile, permanently attached mollusks.

On Some Free-living Marine Nematodes from Kerguelen Island

1955 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Schuurmans Stekhoven ◽  
Patricia M. Mawson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
Marine Nematodes ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Kerguelen Island ◽  
Junior Author ◽  
Antarctic Research ◽  
Recent Monograph ◽  
The Antarctic

In February, 1958, Dr. Paulian, of Paris, asked the senior author to study his collection of free-living marine Nematodes, collected at Kerguelen Island. The visit of the junior author enabled us to study this material in collaboration; this was the more interesting since she had already made extensive studies of free-living marine Nematodes of the antarctic region (dredged from between 150° E to 40° E by the British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition). Moreover, we had access to the recent monograph of Wieser (1958) on the Enoploidea of Chile.

Haptocillium balanoides. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zare
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci

Abstract A description is provided for Haptocillium balanoides. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Endoparasite of free-living nematodes. HOSTS: Most commonly in the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci in New Zealand (DÜRSCHNER, 1983; HAY, 1995), also in the entomopathogenic nematode Neoaplectana bibionis[Steinernema feltiae] (SLOUN et al., 1990) and in the eggs of Meloidogyne (ROCCUZZO et al., 1993); it does not affect Pratylenchus (TIMPER & BRODIE, 1993). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: So far reliably reported only from Canada (Winnipeg), but the similar H. sphaerosporum is reported from Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, and USA (California). Reports from New Zealand (HAY et al., 1998) and China (HENG et al., 1996) require confirmation. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne and by nematode vectors.

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