Introduction: Organizational and Political-Economic Perspectives on Union Politics

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Jonas Pontusson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Political Economic

Beyond the austerity-driven hypothesis: Political economic theses on penality and the recent prison population decline

2021 ◽  
pp. 147737082110006
Author(s):  
José A. Brandariz
Keyword(s):  
Prison Population ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Global North ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spending Cuts

In what might be called the ‘austerity-driven hypothesis’, a consistent strand of literature has sought to explain the prison downsizing witnessed in many jurisdictions of the global north over the past decade by referring to the financial crisis of the late 2000s to early 2010s and its effects in terms of public spending cuts. Since this economic phase is essentially over, whereas the (moderate) decarceration turn is still ongoing, there are good reasons to challenge this hypothesis. This article delves into the non-economic forces that are fostering a prison population decline that, 10 years on, is becoming the new ‘penal normal’. The article thereby aims to spark a dialogue not only with the scholarship exploring the prison downsizing but also with certain theoretical frameworks that have played a key role in examining the punitive turn era. Additionally, the article contributes to the conversation on the need to reframe materialist readings on penality in a ‘non-reductionist’ fashion. By revisiting heterodox theses and scrutinizing the impact of recent penal changes on traditional materialist accounts, the article joins the collective endeavour seeking to update political economic perspectives on punishment and the penal field.

scholarly journals Media Economics

Communication ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randal Beam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Media Economics ◽  
Macroeconomic Theory ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Television Film ◽  
Media Organizations ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Political Economic

Scholarship on media economics applies economic principles and theories to the study of organizations and industries engaged in communication. The traditional mass media—newspapers, television, film, magazines, books, and radio—have been the focus of much of the scholarship that media economists have produced. But the field also encompasses telecommunications and digital communications, along with associated industries such as advertising. Scholarship draws from microeconomic and macroeconomic theory, and much of it is informed by political-economic perspectives. Often the goal of media economists is to explain how economic forces shape media content, such as news and entertainment. Research has identified the structure of markets and the conduct of media organizations as two important factors that influence content. Ownership of media organizations and government regulation are other important domains of study.

Introduction: Theoretical Developments in Psychosocial Work Environment Research

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey V. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Special Section ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Scientific Management ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Theoretical Developments

This article introduces the fourth series of articles in the Special Section on work organization and health. The authors identify the theory of scientific management as one of the major obstacles to workplace democratization efforts. The application of this theory has led to the centralization of workplace knowledge and skill under managerial control. The articles in this issue criticize this conventional theory of job design and suggest new theoretical directions from psychological, sociological, and political-economic perspectives.

Evolutionary, historical and political economic perspectives on health and disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Armelagos ◽  
Peter J. Brown ◽  
Bethany Turner
Keyword(s):  
Health And Disease ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Political Economic

scholarly journals The transformation of provisioning systems from an integrated perspective of social metabolism and political economy: a conceptual framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Schaffartzik ◽  
Melanie Pichler ◽  
Eric Pineault ◽  
Dominik Wiedenhofer ◽  
Robert Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
Stocks And Flows ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Five Phases ◽  
Political Economic

AbstractEnergy, food, or mobility can be conceptualized as provisioning systems which are decisive to sustainability transformations in how they shape resource use and because of emissions resulting from them. To curb environmental pressures and improve societal well-being, fundamental changes to existing provisioning systems are necessary. In this article, we propose that provisioning systems be conceptualized as featuring integrated socio-metabolic and political-economic dimensions. In socio-metabolic terms, material stocks—buildings, infrastructures, and machines, for example—are key components of provisioning systems and transform flows of energy and materials into goods and services. In political-economic terms, provisioning systems are formed by actors, institutions, and capital. We loosely identify and closely analyze, from socio-metabolic and political-economic perspectives, five phases along which provisioning systems are shaped and in which specific opportunities for interventions exist. Relying mainly on examples from the fossil-fueled electricity system, we argue that an integrated conceptualization of provisioning systems can advance understanding of these systems in two essential ways: by (1) facilitating a more encompassing perspective on current forms of provisioning as relying on capitalist regulation and on material stocks and flows and by (2) embedding provisioning systems within their historical context, making it possible to conceive of more sustainable and just forms of provisioning under (radically) altered conditions.

The Role of Religion and Culture in Modern Day Society

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-134
Author(s):  
A. T. M. Abdullahel Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Social Scientists ◽  
International Perspectives ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
European Renaissance ◽  
Individual Perspective

In modern day culture, religion is specifically a business, rather than a faith. After European renaissance, religion is seen as derivative of changes between effect and resistance which had forced social scientists to think about religion from different perspectives. Then with some formal mixtures of capitalism and religion, religion became a component of business, rather than just a belief. From an individual perspective to social, political, economic perspectives, it's true. Even from individual to national and international perspectives, religion is just a business concept in the geo-politics at the international, super-national, and even supra-national arena. Nothing has changed the religions; rather international geo-politics has transformed religions into their own interests sometimes as an evil and sometimes as a “divine angel,” which can benefit their interests.

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