scholarly journals Ortadoğu’nun Sonlandırılamayan Sorunu: Hatemi’den Ruhani’ye İran’ın Nükleer Enerji Siyaseti / The Unresolved Problem of the Middle East: Iran’s Nuclear Energy Policy from Khatami to Rouhani

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Işıksal ◽  
Ghadir Golkarian

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This article examines Iran’s nuclear energy policy, which is one of the most important issues in the Middle East. In addition to the work written on this subject, it aims to contribute to the literature in terms of the nuclear energy policies of the three Iranian leaders during the nuclear crisis period, namely Mohammad Khatami, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, and Hassan Rouhani. In this respect, the article initially explains why Iran’s nuclear energy policy is important. Then, in order to emphasize the double standards that stand at the core of the subject, the background of the Iranian nuclear program and the reasons behind the Iranian energy policy after the 1979 Islamic Revolution are examined. As the destination point of these discussions, the periods under Khatami, Ahmadinejad, and Rouhani are examined in order to reveal the differences and similarities between the nuclear energy policies of the Iranian leaders.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Bu makale, Ortadoğu’daki en önemli sorunlardan biri olan İran’ın nükleer enerji siyasetini incelemektedir. Bu konuda yazılan çalışmalara ek olarak, nükleer kriz döneminin üç lideri, Muhammet Hatemi, Mahmut Ahmedinejat ve Hasan Ruhani’nin nükleer enerji siyasetinin analizi ile ilgili literatürün geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda makale öncelikle İran’ın nükleer enerji siyasetinin neden önemli olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Daha sonra konunun özünde olan çifte standart vurgusunu öne çıkarmak için İran nükleer programının temeli ve 1979 İslam Devrimi sonrası İran enerji siyaseti ve nükleer enerji kapasitesi geliştirme nedenleri irdelenmiştir. Bu tartışmaların varış noktası olarak son bölümde Hatemi, Ahmedinejat ve Ruhani dönemleri ayrı ayrı incelenmiş ve nükleer enerji siyasetleri arasındaki fark ve benzerlikler ortaya konulmuştur.</p>

The chapter introduces the main research questions of the present volume: Why do nations make different decisions on nuclear energy and why some of the decisions are upheld but others reversed. To illustrate the relevance of the research question, the chapter outlines the history of nuclear energy that has gone through ups and downs and displays great inter-country variation. It gives particular attention to the two most recent periods of ‘nuclear revival’ (beginning in the late 1990s/early 2000s) and then the post-Fukushima bifurcation of national nuclear energy policies in which many countries stick to their path whereas others make reversals. The chapter identifies the international drivers of nuclear energy policy—factors that influence all countries to varying degrees depending very much on context constellations. The chapter concludes with a plan of the book.


Author(s):  
Fabio Franchino

The history of nuclear energy policy in Italy is characterized by major shifts. After being a world leader in nuclear energy production in the 1960s, the country stopped its programme in the 1980s. An attempt at rejuvenating and expanding nuclear energy in the early 2000s came to an end after the Fukushima disaster. In both instances a referendum was held. Party competition, coalition politics, changes in government, and Italy’s institutional features, in particular the provisions for holding referendums, are the main factors explaining these policy reversals. The chapter concludes that a relaunch of the nuclear energy programme does not seem impossible, but is unlikely for the foreseeable future.


2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Brown

Simple indicative factors such as political populism and resource abundance cannot fully explain the Scottish Government's anti-nuclear energy policy. To grasp the current policy stance, it is necessary to pay attention to the wider contextualisation of policy framing and specifically the dynamic of story-telling and frame-bridging that ultimately feeds into governmental policy. The Scottish Government's decisive ‘no’ to a new nuclear fleet can be better understood by considering the underlying (and deliberate) bridging of policy frames that is noticeable between environmental, pacifist, and Scottish independence actors. This bridging not only affects the individual sets of story-telling but also develops a dynamic that reinforces individual stories and transcends well beyond the groups' original remit and objectives. With the help of policy framing analysis, research interviews and documentary analysis, the article explores the dynamic connections between anti-nuclear and independence activists and their causes in Scotland. The article highlights their triangular bridges in terms of personnel, language and story-telling and argues that these are instrumental in shaping the Scottish Government's anti-nuclear energy policy.


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