Effects of exhaustive high-intensity intermittent exercise on serum parathyroid hormone

Abstract Background Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels have been reported to be associated with infectious mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Peritonitis is the most common and fatal infectious complication, resulting in technique failure, hospital admission and mortality. Whether PTH is associated with peritonitis episodes remains unclear. Methods We examined the association of PTH levels and peritonitis incidence in a 7-year cohort of 270 incident PD patients who were maintained on dialysis between January 2012 and December 2018 using Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Patients were categorized into three groups by serum PTH levels as follows: low-PTH group, PTH < 150 pg/mL; middle-PTH group, PTH 150-300 pg/mL; high-PTH group, PTH > 300 pg/mL. Results During a median follow-up of 29.5 (interquartile range 16–49) months, the incidence rate of peritonitis was 0.10 episodes per patient-year. Gram-positive organisms were the most common causative microorganisms (36.2%), and higher percentage of Gram-negative organisms was noted in patients with low PTH levels. Low PTH levels were associated with older age, higher eGFR, higher hemoglobin, calcium levels and lower phosphate, alkaline phosphatase levels. After multivariate adjustment, lower PTH levels were identified as an independent risk factor for peritonitis episodes [hazard ratio 1.643, 95% confidence interval 1.014–2.663, P = 0.044]. Conclusions Low PTH levels are independently associated with peritonitis in incident PD patients.

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The effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise training on fat loss and fasting insulin levels of young women

International Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1038/sj.ijo.0803781 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 684-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 259

Author(s):

E G Trapp ◽

D J Chisholm ◽

J Freund ◽

S H Boutcher

Keyword(s):

Exercise Training ◽

Young Women ◽

High Intensity ◽

Intermittent Exercise ◽

Fasting Insulin ◽

Fat Loss ◽

Insulin Levels

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Influence of Carbohydrate Supplementation on Plasma Cytokine and Neutrophil Degranulation Responses to High Intensity Intermittent Exercise

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.12.2.145 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 145-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Nicolette C. Bishop ◽

Michael Gleeson ◽

Ceri W. Nicholas ◽

Ajmol Ali

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Intermittent Exercise ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Neutrophil Function ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Carbohydrate Supplementation ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Neutrophil Degranulation ◽

Factor Α

Ingesting carbohydrate (CHO) beverages during prolonged, continuous heavy exercise results in smaller changes in the plasma concentrations of several cytokines and attenuates a decline in neutrophil function. In contrast, ingesting CHO during prolonged intermittent exercise appears to have negligible influence on these responses, probably due to the overall moderate intensity of these intermittent exercise protocols. Therefore, we examined the effect of CHO ingestion on plasma interIeukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimuIated neutrophil degranulation responses to high-intensity intermittent running. Six trained male soccer players performed 2 exercise trials, 7 days apart, in a randomized, counterbalanced design. On each occasion, they completed six 15-min periods of intermittent running consisting of maximal sprinting interspersed with less intense periods of running and walking. Subjects consumed either CHO or artificially sweetened placebo(PLA) beverages immediately before and at 15-min intervals during the exercise. At 30 min post-exercise, CHO versus PLA was associated with a higher plasma glucose concentration (p< .01), a lower plasma cortisol and IL-6 concentration (p < .02), and fewer numbers of circulating neutrophils (p < .05). Following the exercise, LPS-stimulated elastase release per neutrophil fell 31 % below baseline values on the PLA trial (p = .06) compared with 11% on the CHO trial (p = .30). Plasma TNF-α concentration increased following the exercise (main effect of time, p < .001) but was not affected by CHO. These data indicate that CHO ingestion attenuates changes in plasma IL-6 concentration, neutrophil trafficking, and LPS-stimulated neutrophil degranulation in response to intermittent exercise that involves bouts of very high intensity exercise.

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