Spatio-temporal variations of the major meteorological disasters and its response to climate change in Henan Province during the past two millennia

In China, historical documents have recorded large quantities of information related to natural disasters, and these disasters have had long-lasting effects on economic and social activities. Understanding the occurrence of the natural disasters and their spatio-temporal variation characters is crucial for sustainable of our society. Therefore, based on the collection and collation of historical documents, and adopting mathematical statistics, Kriging interpolation, correlation analysis and other methods, we systematically explored the meteorological disasters in Henan Province during the past two millennia in analyzing their spatio-temporal distribution characters and driving forces. The results demonstrate that there were five major types of meteorological disasters in Henan Province, including drought, flood, hails, low temperature and frost and insect pests, which presented obvious spatio-temporal variations and have occurred frequently during the past two millennia. According to the historical documents, the major meteorological disasters occurred 1,929 times in Henan from 221 BCE to 2000 CE. On the whole, the disaster frequency show that the occurrence cycle of the meteorological disasters has obvious changes, which mainly occurred in the middle and late stages during the past two millennia, especially after 1300 CE. Furthermore, we also find that the variation of meteorological disaster events is consistent with the variation of temperature in eastern China and the frequency of meteorological disaster increases in the cold period, but decreases in the warm period. In addition, there are obvious differences in the spatial distribution of the major meteorological disaster, which were mainly distributed in the northwest and southern part region of the Henan Province before 1911 CE. While after 1911 CE, the northern and southeastern parts were the meteorological disaster-prone areas in this region during this period. Spatial correlation analysis of each meteorological disaster before and after 1911 CE points out the droughts disaster frequency-occurring district has transferred in different periods, while the hail and low temperature and frost disasters just have a smaller transferred during these two periods. Conversely, the frequency-occurring districts of floods and insect pest disasters have no obviously transferred in different periods. These results can provide an important scientific basis for governmental decision makers and local people to prevent and mitigate meteorological disaster in the future.

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Spatio-temporal variations in cropland phenology in North China over the past 20 years

10.1117/12.864828 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Mingwei Zhang ◽

Jinlong Fan ◽

Guicai Li ◽

Jian Liu

Keyword(s):

North China ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

The Past ◽

Spatio Temporal

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Spatio-temporal variability of past accumulation rates inferred from isochronous layers at Dome A, East Antarctica

Annals of Glaciology ◽

10.1017/aog.2016.28 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 57 (73) ◽

pp. 87-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tiantian Wang ◽

Bo Sun ◽

Xueyuan Tang ◽

Xiaoping Pang ◽

Xiangbin Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ice Core ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

East Antarctica ◽

Accumulation Rates ◽

Dome A ◽

High Accumulation ◽

The Past ◽

Ice Accumulation ◽

Radio Echo Sounding ◽

Spatio Temporal

ABSTRACTStudies of palaeo-accumulation rates at Dome A, East Antarctica, are entirely absent. Here, spatio-temporal variations in ice accumulation rates for the past ~161 ka are calculated from isochronous internal layering, traced from radio-echo sounding (RES) data collected by the Polar Research Institute of China (PRIC) during the 21st CHINARE. The layers are dated by linking them to the site of Vostok ice core along an RES profile, which was flown by the Alfred-Wegener-Institut (AWI) in the Dome Connection East Antarctica (DoCo) project. The Dansgaard-Johnsen model is used to determine the spatial and temporal pattern of ice accumulation in Dome A region. The results show that there is a slight increasing pattern of ice accumulation from south to north along the 216 km radar profile at Dome A. The lowest ice accumulation rates were calculated around the Dome A zone. In the past ~90 ka, there were relatively high accumulation rates during the time period 34–47 ka (Marine Isotope Stage 3) at Dome A.

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Spatio-temporal variations of net primary productivity and its natural and human factors analysis in Qinling-Daba Mountains in the past 15 years

Acta Ecologica Sinica ◽

10.5846/stxb201807231575 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (22) ◽

Author(s):

李金珂 LI Jinke ◽

杨玉婷 YANG Yuting ◽

张会茹 ZHANG Huiru ◽

黄铝文 HUANG Lüwen ◽

高义民 GAO Yimin

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Primary Productivity ◽

Net Primary Productivity ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

The Past ◽

Factors Analysis ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Human Factors Analysis

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Impact of Climate on Food Security in Mainland China: A New Perspective Based on Characteristics of Major Agricultural Natural Disasters and Grain Loss

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11030869 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 869 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jingpeng Guo ◽

Kebiao Mao ◽

Yinghui Zhao ◽

Zhong Lu ◽

Lu Xiaoping

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Natural Disasters ◽

Natural Disaster ◽

Mainland China ◽

Intensity Index ◽

Mk Test ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Grain Losses

Under the background of global warming, China has experienced frequent natural disasters that have seriously affected grain production in recent decades. Based on historical documents from 1978-2014, we explored the spatio-temporal variation of five major kinds of natural disasters and grain losses in China using statistical techniques: the Mann-Kendall (MK) test, social network analysis (SNA), and geographic information system (GIS) tools. The disaster intensity index (Q) clearly showed the variation of natural disasters; all of China experienced a significant increasing trend at an annual scale, reaching its peak (27.77%) in 2000. The step change points in floods, droughts, hail, and low-temperature events began to occur in 1983, 1988, 1988, 1992, respectively, while no obvious trend was detected for typhoon activity from 2001 to 2014. Drought and flood were the most serious types of disaster over the last four decades, accounting for more than 50% of total grain losses. Eight major provinces were identified with severe grain losses: Heilongjiang, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Anhui, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Hunan, and Hubei. Five studied natural disaster types were identified throughout the seven physical geographical regions. Spatial distribution for the different disaster types showed significant geographical distribution characteristics. Natural disasters gradually became more diverse from north to south. Droughts, hail, and low-temperature disasters were randomly distributed throughout China; flood and typhoon disasters exhibited significant spatial auto-correlation and clustering patterns. Finally, in accordance with the intensity of natural disaster, the annual grain losses at the provincial scale initially increased (ranging from 0.14 million to 3.26 million tonnes in 1978-2000), and then decreased after 2000 (ranging from 3.26 million to 1.58 million tonnes in 2000-2014). The center of gravity of grain losses gradually moved northward. These results emphasize that developing different strategies for disaster prevention and mitigation programs in the major grain producing areas (e.g., Heilongjiang, Shandong, and Henan) are critical and important to China's food security.

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Spatio-Temporal Relationships between Fumarolic Activity, Hydrothermal Fluid Circulation and Geophysical Signals at an Arc Volcano in Degassing Unrest: La Soufrière of Guadeloupe (French West Indies)

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences9110480 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 480 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tamburello ◽

Moune ◽

Allard ◽

Venugopal ◽

Robert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lava Dome ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Fumarolic Activity ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

The Past ◽

Spatial Shift ◽

Temporal Relationships ◽

Gas Fluxes ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Arc Volcano

： Over the past two decades, La Soufrière volcano in Guadeloupe has displayed a growing degassing unrest whose actual source mechanism still remains unclear. Based on new measurements of the chemistry and mass flux of fumarolic gas emissions from the volcano, here we reveal spatio-temporal variations in the degassing features that closely relate to the 3D underground circulation of fumarolic fluids, as imaged by electrical resistivity tomography, and to geodetic-seismic signals recorded over the past two decades. Discrete monthly surveys of gas plumes from the various vents on La Soufrière lava dome, performed with portable MultiGAS analyzers, reveal important differences in the chemical proportions and fluxes of H2O, CO2, H2S, SO2 and H2, which depend on the vent location with respect to the underground circulation of fluids. In particular, the main central vents, though directly connected to the volcano conduit and preferentially surveyed in past decades, display much higher CO2/SO2 and H2S/SO2 ratios than peripheral gas emissions, reflecting greater SO2 scrubbing in the boiling hydrothermal water at 80–100 m depth. Gas fluxes demonstrate an increased bulk degassing of the volcano over the past 10 years, but also a recent spatial shift in fumarolic degassing intensity from the center of the lava dome towards its SE–NE sector and the Breislack fracture. Such a spatial shift is in agreement with both extensometric and seismic evidence of fault widening in this sector due to slow gravitational sliding of the southern dome sector. Our study thus provides an improved framework to monitor and interpret the evolution of gas emissions from La Soufrière in the future and to better forecast hazards from this dangerous andesitic volcano.

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Inferring potential landslide damming using slope stability, geomorphic constraints, and run-out analysis: a case study from the NW Himalaya

Earth Surface Dynamics ◽

10.5194/esurf-9-351-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 351-377

Author(s):

Vipin Kumar ◽

Imlirenla Jamir ◽

Vikram Gupta ◽

Rajinder K. Bhasin

Keyword(s):

Debris Flows ◽

River Discharge ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Nw Himalaya ◽

The Past ◽

Landslide Volume ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Satluj Valley ◽

Landslide Triggering

Abstract. Prediction of potential landslide damming has been a difficult process owing to the uncertainties related to landslide volume, resultant dam volume, entrainment, valley configuration, river discharge, material composition, friction, and turbulence associated with material. In this study, instability patterns of landslides, geomorphic indices, post-failure run-out predictions, and spatio-temporal patterns of rainfall and earthquakes are explored to predict the potential landslide damming sites. The Satluj valley, NW Himalaya, is chosen as a case study area. The study area has witnessed landslide damming in the past and incurred losses of USD ∼30 million and 350 lives in the last 4 decades due to such processes. A total of 44 active landslides that cover a total ∼4.81±0.05×106 m2 area and ∼34.1±9.2×106 m3 volume are evaluated to identify those landslides that may result in potential landslide damming. Out of these 44, a total of 5 landslides covering a total volume of ∼26.3±6.7×106 m3 are noted to form the potential landslide dams. Spatio-temporal variations in the pattern of rainfall in recent years enhanced the possibility of landslide triggering and hence of potential damming. These five landslides also revealed 24.8±2.7 to 39.8±4.0 m high debris flows in the run-out predictions.

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