scholarly journals The Munduruku marmoset: a new monkey species from southern Amazonia

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Costa-Araújo ◽  
Fabiano R. de Melo ◽  
Gustavo Rodrigues Canale ◽  
Sandra M. Hernández-Rangel ◽  
Mariluce Rezende Messias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Neotropical Primates ◽  
Monkey Species ◽  
Callibella Humilis ◽  
Southern Amazonia ◽  
Taxonomic Framework ◽  
Scientific Collections ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Although the Atlantic Forest marmosets (Callithrix spp.) are among the best studied Neotropical primates, the Amazonian marmosets (Callibella humilis, Cebuella spp. and Mico spp.) are much less well-known. Even species diversity and distributions are yet to be properly determined because field data and materials currently available in scientific collections do not allow comprehensive taxonomic studies of Amazonian marmosets. From 2015 to 2018, we conducted 10 expeditions in key-areas within southern Amazonia where little or no information on marmosets was available. In one such region—the Tapajós–Jamanxim interfluve—we recorded marmosets with a distinctive pelage pigmentation pattern suggesting they could represent a new species. We tested this hypothesis using an integrative taxonomic framework that included phylogenomic data (ddRAD sequences), pelage pigmentation characters, and distribution records. We found that the marmosets of the northern Tapajós–Jamanxim interfluve have unique states in pelage pigmentation characters, form a clade (100% support) in our Bayesian and Maximum-Likelihood phylogenies, and occur in an area isolated from other taxa by rivers. The integration of these lines of evidence leads us to describe a new marmoset species in the genus Mico, named after the Munduruku Amerindians of the Tapajós–Jamanxim interfluve, southwest of Pará State, Brazil.

Taxonomic studies of two genera, Elongationa gen. nov. and Midoria Kato (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae), with two new species from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4294 (3) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
JING SUN ◽  
WEIJIAN HUANG ◽  
YALIN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
One New Species ◽  
A New Species

Elongationa gen. nov., a new leafhopper genus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae) with one new species, E. hyalina sp. nov., is described and illustrated in detail. A checklist and key to species in the genus Midoria are provided including a new species, Midoria curvidentata sp. nov., described in this paper.  

A new species of Cynomops (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from the northwestern slope of the Andes

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Arenas-Viveros ◽  
Pamela Sánchez-Vendizú ◽  
Alan Giraldo ◽  
Jorge Salazar-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Abstract The systematics and taxonomy of the broadly distributed bats of the genus Cynomops has changed considerably in the last few years. Among the major changes, Cynomops abrasus was split into two species of large-bodied forms (Cynomops mastivus and C. abrasus) distributed east of the Andes. However, large Colombian specimens identified as C. abrasus from the western side of the Andes had yet to be included in any revisionary work. Phylogenetic analysis performed in this study, using mtDNA sequences (Cytochrome-b), revealed that these Colombian individuals are more closely related to Cynomops greenhalli. Morphological and molecular data allowed us to recognize populations from western Colombia, western Ecuador and northwestern Peru, as members of a new species of Cynomops. Characters that allow for its differentiation from C. greenhalli include a larger forearm, paler but more uniform ventral pelage, more globular braincase, and well-developed zygomatic processes of the maxilla (almost reaching the postorbital constriction). This study serves as another example of the importance of including multiple lines of evidence in the recognition of a new species. Given its rarity and the advanced transformation of its habitat, this new species is particularly important from a conservation perspective.

A new Liopeltis Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Colubridae) from Pulau Tioman, Peninsular Malaysia

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4766 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-484
Author(s):  
HANNAH E. SOM ◽  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
PERRY L. JR. WOOD ◽  
EVAN S. H. QUAH ◽  
RAFE M. BROWN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Tropical Asia ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Liopeltis is a genus of poorly known, infrequently sampled species of colubrid snakes in tropical Asia. We collected a specimen of Liopeltis from Pulau Tioman, Peninsular Malaysia, that superficially resembled L. philippina, a rare species that is endemic to the Palawan Pleistocene Aggregate Island Complex, western Philippines. We analyzed morphological and mitochondrial DNA sequence data from the Pulau Tioman specimen and found distinct differences to L. philippina and all other congeners. On the basis of these corroborated lines of evidence, the Pulau Tioman specimen is described as a new species, L. tiomanica sp. nov. The new species occurs in sympatry with L. tricolor on Pulau Tioman, and our description of L. tiomanica sp. nov. brings the number of endemic amphibians and reptiles on Pulau Tioman to 12. 

scholarly journals Extreme secondary sexual dimorphism in the genus Florarctus (Heterotardigrada: Halechiniscidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Gąsiorek ◽  
David Møbjerg Kristensen ◽  
Reinhardt Møbjerg Kristensen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Queensland Museum ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Secondary Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lines Of Evidence ◽  
Secondary Sexual

AbstractSecondary sexual dimorphism in florarctin tardigrades is a well-known phenomenon. Males are usually smaller than females, and primary clavae are relatively longer in the former. A new species Florarctus bellahelenae, collected from subtidal coralline sand just behind the reef fringe of Long Island, Chesterfield Reefs (Pacific Ocean), exhibits extreme secondary dimorphism. Males have developed primary clavae that are much thicker and three times longer than those present in females. Furthermore, the male primary clavae have an accordion-like outer structure, whereas primary clavae are smooth in females. Other species of Florarctus Delamare-Deboutteville & Renaud-Mornant, 1965 inhabiting the Pacific Ocean were investigated. Males are typically smaller than females, but males of Florarctus heimi Delamare-Deboutteville & Renaud-Mornant, 1965 and females of Florarctus cervinus Renaud-Mornant, 1987 have never been recorded. The Renaud-Mornant collection was re-examined, and type series were analysed. Florarctus heimi and F. cervinus were always found together in the coralline sand of Heron Island (Great Barrier Reef). The animals were kept alive and surveyed in the laboratory of the Queensland Museum. All studied individuals of the larger F. heimi (up to ca. 400 μm) were females, and all adults of the smaller F. cervinus (about 170 μm) were males. Males of F. cervinus were observed mating with females of F. heimi. Following those morphological and behavioural lines of evidence, we propose that F. cervinus is a junior synonym of F. heimi. Based on the discovery of dimorphism in F. bellahelenae sp. nov. and the strong sex-related morphological disparities in F. heimi, we suggest that extreme secondary dimorphism may be present in other florarctin arthrotardigrades.

scholarly journals A new Andean treefrog (Amphibia: Hyloscirtus bogotensis group) from Ecuador: an example of community involvement for conservation

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11914
Author(s):  
Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz ◽  
Juan Pablo Reyes-Puig ◽  
Diego Batallas-Revelo ◽  
Callie Broaddus ◽  
Miguel Urgilés-Merchán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Land Trust ◽  
Biogeographic Barrier ◽  
North And South ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

We provide several lines of evidence to delimit a new species of Hyloscirtus and define its phylogenetic position inside the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group. The new species is the sister taxon to Hyloscirtus mashpi and is related to a clade formed by H. alytolylax and a putative new species from the province of El Oro in, southwestern Ecuador. Hyloscirtus conscientia sp. nov. is described from the montane forests of the Mira River basin in the extreme northwestern Ecuador. The new species is characterized as follows: tympanic annulus conspicuous, tip of snout in dorsal view subacuminate, middorsal stripe formed by melanophores larger and less dense, dorsal skin with individual iridophores forming dots, scarcely distributed across dorsum. Our study also highlights the importance of the Mira River Valley as a biogeographic barrier; suggesting research efforts north and south of the valley are likely to reveal additional endemic cryptic diversity. Finally, our partnership with Reserva: The Youth Land Trust, Rainforest Trust and EcoMinga Foundation has produced a novel and meaningful way to connect young people with biodiversity discovery and habitat conservation.

Heterodermia upretii, a new species from India (Physciaceae, Ascomycota)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Joshi ◽  
Shashi Upadhyay ◽  
Krishna Chandra
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Kumaun Himalaya ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Yellowish Orange

Taxonomic studies on the lichen genus Heterodermia in India revealed a hitherto unknown species, which is here described as new: H. upretii Y. Joshi, S. Upadhyay & K. Chandra. It is characterized by a grayish, ±pruinose thallus, corticated lower surface, yellowish-orange P+ red medulla and Polyblastidium-type ascospores with sporoblastidia. The species is reported from temperate regions of Champawat and Pithoragarh districts of Kumaun Himalaya and was found colonizing rocks, barks and twigs of various trees. Description and figures are provided and the new taxon is compared with similar Heterodermia species.

Unveiling species diversity in collared frogs through morphological and bioacoustic evidence: a new Mannophryne (Amphibia, Aromobatidae) from Sierra de Aroa, northwestern Venezuela, and an amended definition and call description of M. herminae (Boettger, 1893)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4461 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDO J.M. ROJAS-RUNJAIC ◽  
MIGUEL E. MATTA-PEREIRA ◽  
ENRIQUE LA MARCA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Species diversity in collared frogs of the genus Mannophryne is presumed to be underestimated due to the paucity of external morphology characters, but combining morphology with bioacoustics and other lines of evidence has shown to be useful in delimiting species of this group. Herein we describe a new species of Mannophryne from Sierra de Aroa in northwestern Venezuela. The new species is morphologically similar to M. herminae but is readily recognized by its strikingly different advertisement call. It also can be distinguished from all its congeners by the unique combination of its small body size, general color pattern, basal toe webbing, and advertisement call consisting of long trills of single tonal notes emitted at a rate of 2–3 notes/s. Additionally, to facilitate future diagnosis of undescribed species related to M. herminae, we amend the definition of the latter, describe in detail its advertisement call, and redefine its known distribution range. The new species increases the number of described species of Mannophryne to 20. 

Novelties in Mimosa sect. Mimosa ser. Mimosa subser. Polycephalae: a new species, new status, and new synonyms

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 505 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
THAINARA POLICARPO MENDES ◽  
MARCELO FRAGOMENI SIMON ◽  
ANA PAULA FORTUNA PEREZ ◽  
Marcos José da Silva
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Environmental Preferences ◽  
New Name ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
A New Species

Taxonomic studies of Mimosa subser. Polycephalae revealed a new species and indicated the need for taxonomic and nomenclatural adjustments in the group. Mimosa pseudoracemosa is described and illustrated as a new species from Goiás State in central-western Brazil. We discuss its geographic distribution, environmental preferences, phenology and conservation status and compare it with the morphologically similar M. pseudoradula and M. flavocaesia. A new status for M. pseudoradula var. detonsa and a new name are proposed (= M. detonsa), including M. pseudoradula var. anapolitana and M. pseudoradula var. crystallites as its synonyms, as well an updated circumscription for M. pseudoradula without the admission of varieties. We also present descriptions, images, maps, comments on their distributions and morphological relationships, flowering and fruiting periods, and conservation statuses. In addition to the morphological and geographic discontinuities of the aforementioned taxa, their trichome micromorphology supported the establishment of the new species, as well as the taxonomic decisions involving M. pseudoradula.

Analysis of non-morphometric morphological characters used in the taxonomy of the genus Pseudechiniscus (Tardigrada: Echiniscidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis V Tumanov
Keyword(s):  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Claw Morphology ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Pseudechiniscus, the second-largest genus of the family Echiniscidae (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada: Echiniscoidea), is notoriously difficult for taxonomic studies. In this study, I performed a morphological analysis of a new species from Croatia, based on a light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic examination of 45 specimens from the same sample. Furthermore, I have summarized all available data on Pseudechiniscus species, including their original descriptions, and have analysed the following complexes of morphological characters: (1) arrangement and morphology of dorsal cuticular plates, (2) ventral sculpture, (3) morphology of cephalic, trunk and leg sensory organs and (4) claw morphology. The applicability of these characters in the taxonomy and their distribution in the genus are discussed. Some of the characters traditionally used for species delimitation were shown to be unsuitable and others in need of a thorough reinvestigation. The meaning of the old term ‘faceted’, commonly used but often misapplied, has been clarified, based on the initial definition. Several characters of the claw structure were suggested as potentially useful for species delimitation. The taxonomic status of several old forms and species was discussed.

Miconia renatogoldenbergii (Miconieae, Melastomataceae), a new species from savanna enclaves in southern Amazonia, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 298 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
JULIA MEIRELLES ◽  
LUCAS F. BACCI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Leaf Apex ◽  
Apical Pore ◽  
Southern Amazonia ◽  
Amazonian Region ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Miconia section Miconia, subsection Seriatiflorae from the Brazilian Amazonian region is described. Miconia renatogoldenbergii has a wide distribution in areas of savanna and forest understory in the states of Pará, Mato Grosso and Rondônia. It is similar to M. punctata as both species have chartaceous leaves with rusty lepidote indument on the abaxial surface. The new species can be distinguished by its mucronate leaf apex, a thyrse with short scorpioid branches, and subulate anthers, with round apex, dehiscent through an apical pore and with cordate connective appendages.

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