scholarly journals Personality underground: evidence of behavioral types in the solitary subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8490
Author(s):  
María Sol Fanjul ◽  
Roxana R. Zenuto
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Behavioral Variability ◽  
Temporal Consistency ◽  
Subterranean Rodent ◽  
Ctenomys Talarum ◽  
In The Wild

Background Animal personalities have been studied in a wide variety of taxa, but among rodents, available studies are relatively scarce and have focused mainly on social species. In this study, we evaluated the existence of personality in the solitary subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum. Specifically, we aimed to test individual differences in behavior that are stable over time and context in males of C. talarum captured in the wild. Methods Our experimental design included two series of three behavioral tests each, carried out with a 35 day time interval. Each series included an Open Field test, a Social Encounter test, and an Open Field test with a predator stimulus. Results Of the total recorded behaviors, 55.55% showed temporal consistency. Principal component analysis of consistent behaviors grouped them into four dimensions that explain inter individual behavioral variability, in order of importance: activity, socioaversion, boldness and exploration. Therefore, our results suggest that the concept of animal personality is applicable to C. talarum and the dimensions found are in accordance with the ecological and behavioral characteristics of this species.

scholarly journals Severity assessment in mice subjected to carbon tetrachloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Ernst ◽  
Leonie Zieglowski ◽  
Mareike Schulz ◽  
Michaela Moss ◽  
Marco Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Severity Assessment ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Significant Group

Abstract The Directive 2010/63 EU requires classifying burden and severity in all procedures using laboratory animals. This study evaluated the severity of liver fibrosis induction by intraperitoneal carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) injections in mice. 29 male C57BL/6N mice were treated three times per week for 4 weeks with an intraperitoneal injection (50 µl) of either 0.6 ml/kg body weight CCl4-vehicle solution, germ oil (vehicle-control) or handling only. Severity assessment was performed using serum analysis, behavioral tests (open field test, rotarod, burrowing and nesting behavior), fecal corticosterone metabolite (FCM) measurement, and survival. The most significant group differences were noticed in the second week of treatment when the highest AST (1463 ± 1404 vs. 123.8 ± 93 U/L, p < 0.0001) and nesting values were measured. In addition, respective animals showed lower moving distances (4622 ± 1577 vs. 6157 ± 2060 cm, p < 0.01) and velocity in the Open field, identified as main factors in principal component analysis (PCA). Overall, a 50% survival rate was observed within the treatment group, in which the open field performance was a good tracer parameter for survival. In summary, this study demonstrates the feasibility of assessing severity in mice using behavioral tests and highlight the open field test as a possible threshold parameter for risk assessment of mortality.

Some effects of manipulating thyroid output on open-field test behaviour in the rat

1961 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Broadhurst
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test

“Anxiolytic” action of diazepam and abecarnil in a modified open field test

1996 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rex
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test

scholarly journals Toxicity and Neuropharmacological Effects of Elenine

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Navarro ◽  
S. J. Alonso ◽  
R. Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Behaviour ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Sedative Effects ◽  
Traction Test ◽  
Central Depressant

Elenine is the aglycone of elenoside, a cytotoxic arylnaphthalene lignan (NSC 644013-W/1) derived fromJusticia hyssopifolia. (Family: Acanthaceae). Elenoside is a β-D-glucoside, with a similar chemical structure to etoposide, exhibiting central depressant activity. In the present study, elenine was given to mice and rats at doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg. Acute toxicity (24 h) and general behaviour in mice was studied as well as its effects on muscular relaxant activity, locomotor activity (Varimex test), and the open-field test and were compared with 10 mg/kg of chlorpromazine. Elenine produced a reduction in the permanence time in muscular relaxant activity (traction test). Spontaneous activity was lower in the Varimex test. The ambulation and rearing were lower compared with the control group, and an increase in boluses was observed in the open-field test. Thus, it can be concluded that elenine has central sedative effects at lower doses than those used with elenoside and has a possible application in conditions of anxiety.

scholarly journals Participation ofGABAAChloride Channels in the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of a Fatty Acid Mixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa ◽  
Rosa Isela García-Ríos ◽  
Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo ◽  
Blandina Bernal-Morales ◽  
Carlos M. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Chloride Channels ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Gaba Binding ◽  
Defensive Burying

Human amniotic fluid and a mixture of eight fatty acids (FAT-M) identified in this maternal fluid (C12:0, lauric acid, 0.9 μg%; C14:0, myristic acid, 6.9 μg%; C16:0, palmitic acid, 35.3 μg%; C16:1, palmitoleic acid, 16.4 μg%; C18:0, stearic acid, 8.5 μg%; C18:1cis, oleic acid, 18.4 μg%; C18:1trans, elaidic acid, 3.5 μg%; C18:2, linoleic acid, 10.1 μg%) produce anxiolytic-like effects that are comparable to diazepam in Wistar rats, suggesting the involvement ofγ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, a possibility not yet explored. Wistar rats were subjected to the defensive burying test, elevated plus maze, and open field test. In different groups, threeGABAAreceptor antagonists were administered 30 min before FAT-M administration, including the competitive GABA binding antagonist bicuculline (1 mg/kg),GABAAbenzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (5 mg/kg), and noncompetitiveGABAAchloride channel antagonist picrotoxin (1 mg/kg). The FAT-M exerted anxiolytic-like effects in the defensive burying test and elevated plus maze, without affecting locomotor activity in the open field test. TheGABAAantagonists alone did not produce significant changes in the behavioral tests. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline or flumazenil blocked the anxiolytic-like effect of the FAT-M. Based on the specific blocking action of picrotoxin on the effects of the FAT-M, we conclude that the FAT-M exerted its anxiolytic-like effects throughGABAAreceptor chloride channels.

Acute effects of ethanol on behavioral responses of male and female zebrafish in the open field test with the influence of a non-familiar object

2021 ◽  
pp. 104474
Author(s):  
Thiele P. Souza ◽  
Francini Franscescon ◽  
Flavia V. Stefanello ◽  
Talise E. Müller ◽  
Laura W. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Familiar Object ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Zebrafish

Garcinia Camobogia Extract Alters Anxiety, Sociability, and Dopamine Turnover in Male Swiss Albino Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K. Ibrahim ◽  
Marina Aboelsaad ◽  
Fatma Tony ◽  
Moustafa Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Dopamine Turnover ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Garcinia Cambogia ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice

Abstract Background: Obesity is a global concern, closely allied with somatic and psychosomatic disorders. Herbal drugs are available in modern medicine to treat obesity. Garcinia camobogia being used by so many people trying to lose weight produces various systemic side effects. The study was conducted to assess its effect on anxiety, sociability, and dopamine turnover in male mice. Methodology: Male Swiss albino mice of either were divided into three groups with seven mice in each group. Different groups were given distilled water (0.5ml p.o.) and Garcinia cambogia extract at two different doses (100mg/kg and 500 mg/kg p.o.). Effect of test drugs on anxiety was evaluated using open field test. Sociability and social novelty were evaluated using three chambers test. Results (mean ± standard deviation) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey’s test. Result: Garcinia cambogia extract significantly increased the time spent in the corners in the open field test, significantly reduced sociability and social novelty in the three chamber test, significantly reduced dopamine turnover and increased D2 receptor expression in ventral tegmental area. Conclusion: Garcinia cambogia extract have significant anxiogenic effect along with reduced sociability and social novelty in male mice. Moreover, these effects could be related to the altered dopamine turnover and D2 receptor expression in mice brain.

Early deprivation increases high-leaning behavior, a novel anxiety-like behavior, in the open field test in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kuniishi ◽  
Satoshi Ichisaka ◽  
Miki Yamamoto ◽  
Natsuko Ikubo ◽  
Sae Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Early Deprivation

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of anxiolytic activity of Arnica montana and alprazolam in rats using open field test

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 718
Author(s):  
Puja Jha ◽  
Seema Bhalerao ◽  
Mrunal Dhole
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Anxiolytic Activity ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arnica Montana ◽  
Group I

Background: Anxiety affects around 7.3% of the total population worldwide. Benzodiazepines are preferred anxiolytic agents and are still frequently used in spite of the side effect profile including muscle relaxation, memory disturbances, sedation, physical dependence. Arnica montana, a traditional herb is known to possess significant anxiolytic effect at the dose of 100mg/kg. In this study, Arnica montana has been compared for the first time with alprazolam, a most commonly used anxiolytic drug.Methods: Forced swim test was used to induce anxiety. Anxiolytic action of study drugs which were given orally, was evaluated using Open field test (OFT) in healthy wistar rats of either sex. Behavior of rats, locomotion and number of squares crossed was recorded. Rats were divided into four groups with eight rats in each group. Study groups were Group I Control; Group II Alprazolam 0.08mg/kg; Group III Arnica montana extract (AME) 100mg/kg; Group IV AME + Alprazolam group 100mg/kg+0.08mg/kg. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (p<0.05).Results: Increase in frequency of rearing was significant (p<0.05) in AME group and highly significant (p<0.001) in Alprazolam and combination group in comparison to control. Decrease in frequency of grooming was highly significant (p<0.001) in Alprazolam and combination group. AME also showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in grooming activity.Conclusions: Arnica montana extract showed anxiolytic activity and can be used as an add on drug after further studies and validation in the treatment of anxiety disorders.

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