scholarly journals Osteonecrosis of the Jaw and Concomitant Atypical Femoral Fractures with Bisphosphonates: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Cureus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veeraraghavan Meyyur Aravamudan ◽  
Chaozer Er
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Atypical Femoral Fractures ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review

Medication-Induced Musculoskeletal Changes

2019 ◽  
pp. 322-326
Author(s):  
Winnie A. Mar
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽  
Atypical Femoral Fractures ◽  
Osteoblastic Activity ◽  
Induced Changes

Chapter 117 discusses common medication-induced changes of the musculoskeletal system. The effect of corticosteroids on the musculoskeletal system, including osteoporosis and osteonecrosis, is discussed. Corticosteroids decrease osteoblastic activity, stimulate bone resorption, and decrease intestinal absorption of calcium. Complications of bisphosphonate therapy such as atypical femoral fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw are reviewed. Myopathies and tendon pathologies are briefly discussed, as well as bony changes potentially seen with long-term voriconazole treatment. For osteoporosis, DXA scan is the gold standard, whereas radiography is usually the first imaging modality performed in patients on voriconazole therapy who present with pain.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Study of the Risk Factors for Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Based on the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Shinya Toriumi ◽  
Akinobu Kobayashi ◽  
Yoshihiro Uesawa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Drug Event ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Drug Event ◽  
Event Report ◽  
Atypical Femoral Fractures ◽  
Antiresorptive Agents

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is associated with many drugs, including bisphosphonates (BPs). BPs are associated with atypical femoral fractures and osteonecrosis of the external auditory canal. Thus, many drugs are reported to cause adverse effects on bone. This study aimed to investigate the effects of drugs and patient backgrounds regarding osteonecrosis-related side effects, including MRONJ. This study used a large voluntary reporting database, namely, the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. First, we searched for risk factors related to MRONJ using volcano plots and logistic regression analysis. Next, we searched for bone-necrosis-related side effects using principal component and cluster analysis. Factors that were significantly associated with MRONJ included eight types of BPs and denosumab, prednisolone, sunitinib, eldecalcitol, raloxifene, letrozole, doxifluridine, exemestane, radium chloride, medroxyprogesterone, female, elderly, and short stature. Furthermore, antiresorptive agents (i.e., BPs and denosumab) tended to induce MRONJ and atypical femoral fractures by affecting osteoclasts. We believe these findings will help medical personnel manage the side effects of many medications.

scholarly journals Do bisphosphonate-related atypical femoral fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw affect the same group of patients? A pilot study

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham Afif ◽  
Sebastian Mukka ◽  
Göran Sjödén ◽  
Arkan S. Sayed-Noor
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Limited Sample ◽  
Atypical Femoral Fractures ◽  
Limited Sample Size ◽  
Dental Records

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are commonly used drugs in clinical practice. In this pilot study, we investigated whether bisphosphonate-related atypical femoral fractures (AFF) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) occurred simultaneously in the same group of patients. Six ONJ patients were examined by an orthopedic surgeon and 5 AFF patients were examined by a dentist to look for manifestations of simultaneous occurrence of AFF in ONJ patients and <em>vice versa</em>. The required radiological investigations and previous medical and dental records were available. No simultaneous occurrence of AFF and ONJ was found in the examined patients. In this pilot study with limited sample size, no manifestations of simultaneous occurrence of AFF and ONJ were found. This could be an indication that these complications have different pathophysiologies and affect different subgroups of patients on long-term BP treatment.

scholarly journals Surgical Treatment of Osteopetrosis-Related Femoral Fractures: Two Case Reports and Literature Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Aslan ◽  
Yakup Barbaros Baykal ◽  
Emin Uysal ◽  
Tolga Atay ◽  
Vecihi Kirdemir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Hereditary Disease ◽  
Minor Trauma ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Trauma History ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review

Osteopetrosis is a rare hereditary disease which is characterized by increased bone density. Bone resorption is insufficient or fails due to the osteoclast defect in osteopetrosis. Half of the patients are asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally or based on the presence of fracture. Adult onset osteopetrosis usually presents with hip and proximal femoral fractures. Internal fixation can be performed; however, technical challenges may be experienced due to increased bone density. As in other fractures, nonunion or varus malunion of these fractures may occur. Although rare, osteopetrosis may complicate treatment of fractures in such patients. In this study, we aimed to present two new cases of ADO type II with an osteopetrotic femoral fracture along with the clinical and radiological findings in the light of a comprehensive literature review. Orthopaedics surgeons should be aware of intraoperative technical difficulties and possible postoperative complications during the follow-up period. Investigation would be beneficial for the diagnosis of osteopetrosis such the patient with fractures who has minor trauma history and increased bone density in radiography.

Osteonecrosis of the Jaw and Atypical Femoral Fractures

Osteoporosis ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 1873-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Shane ◽  
Sundeep Khosla ◽  
David Burr
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Atypical Femoral Fractures
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