Recommended immunization schedule for adults in Korea, by the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases, 2012

In 2020 and 2021, humanity lived in fear due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, with the development of artificial intelligence technology, mankind is attempting to tackle many challenges from currently unpredictable epidemics. Korean society has been exposed to various infectious diseases since the Korean War in 1950, and to overcome them, the six most serious cases in National Notifiable Infectious Diseases (NNIDs) category I were defined. Although most infectious diseases have been overcome, viral hepatitis A has been on the rise in Korean society since 2010. Therefore, in this paper, the prediction of viral hepatitis A, which is rapidly spreading in Korean society, was predicted by region using the deep learning technique and a publicly available dataset. For this study, we gathered information from five organizations based on the open data policy: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Korea Meteorological Agency (KMA), Public Open Data Portal, and Korea Environment Corporation (KECO). Patient information, water environment information, weather information, population information, and air pollution information were acquired and correlations were identified. Next, an epidemic outbreak prediction was performed using data preprocessing and 3D LSTM. The experimental results were compared with various machine learning methods through RMSE. In this paper, we attempted to predict regional epidemic outbreaks of hepatitis A by linking the open data environment with deep learning. It is expected that the experimental process and results will be used to present the importance and usefulness of establishing an open data environment.

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Korean Society of Infectious Diseases/National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency Recommendations for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody Treatment of Patients with COVID-19

Infection and Chemotherapy ◽

10.3947/ic.2021.0304 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

Author(s):

Sun Bean Kim ◽

Jimin Kim ◽

Kyungmin Huh ◽

Won Suk Choi ◽

Yae-Jean Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibody ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Antibody Treatment ◽

Korean Society ◽

Monoclonal Antibody Treatment ◽

Evidence Based Healthcare

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Causes of violation of vaccination schedule in young children

Pediatrician (St Petersburg) ◽

10.17816/ped10331-36 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 31-36

Author(s):

Tatyana M. Chernova ◽

Vladimir N. Timchenko ◽

Nadezhda A. Myskina ◽

Maria A. Lapina ◽

Anna E. Orekhova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

High Frequency ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Vaccination Schedule ◽

First Year ◽

Age Group ◽

Immunization Schedule ◽

Significant Delay ◽

First Year Of Life

The high frequency of severe and complicated forms of infectious diseases in young children, with the possibility of death, confirms the importance of timely specific protection of this age group. In order to identify the causes of violation of the terms of vaccination of young children, 469 histories of children from 0 to 12 months of life were studied. The analysis showed that only 77% of the observed children in the first year of life were vaccinated according to the immunization schedule, whereas in 23% of cases, violations of the vaccination status were found. In 45% of children, the time of immunization was violated already at the stage of the maternity hospital: only every fifth child was not vaccinated because of health reasons, while 79% of children did not receive prophylactic vaccinations due to the mother’s refusal. Medical abductions prevailed in the structure of violations of vaccination terms in the сhildren’s оutpatient: 39% of children were vaccinated with deviations from the schedule due to temporary contraindications, 22% were vaccinated later than terms due to unreasonable medical leads. In 39% of cases of violation of vaccine status is associated with a misunderstanding of the parents of the risk of infectious diseases and the effectiveness of the child’s protection through immunization. Of these, 22% of children were denied, 10% of children were vaccinated with a significant delay, 7% of children did not reach the сhildren’s оutpatient during the year without an explanation of the reasons. Thus, the analysis showed that the majority of the observed children (57%) did not receive timely protection against infectious diseases due to attitudes towards vaccinations of parents, 43% of children were not vaccinated due to medical abductions.

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P44 Vaccine in pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hemodialysis

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2020-nppg.53 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 105 (9) ◽

pp. e29.2-e30

Author(s):

Aichetou Camara ◽

Anaïs Razurel ◽

Christelle Moreau ◽

Thérésa Kwon ◽

Marion Caseris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽

Working Group ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Pediatric Nephrology ◽

Immunization Schedule ◽

Pediatric Dialysis

AimsChronic kidney disease is a major risk factor of vaccine preventable infectious diseases due to the altered immune system and the natural evolution of the disease. There are differences in the prescription of some vaccines for this population. The aim of this study is to elaborate a vaccination protocol for chronic kidney disease and haemodialysis patients for a better immunization coverage, care and prevention against preventable infectious diseases.MethodsThe study was conducted by a multidisciplinary team composed by pharmacists, infectious disease paediatrician and nephrology paediatricians. After a literature research (in Medline with MeSH terms: ‘Kidney Failure, Chronic’, ‘Renal Dialysis’ and ‘Vaccines’)1 2, we compared the French immunization schedule3 for the general population with patient with chronic kidney disease or haemodialysis patients and confront it to the physician practice in our nephrology unit. For each vaccine, we collected the following data: indication, any difference concerning dose, schedule, re-administration, antibody titration and reason for these differences.ResultsThe literature analysis showed disparate practices among countries and even medical centres. The most concerned vaccines were: hepatitis A and B virus vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, flu and measles vaccines. The difference between vaccine scheduled concerned the indication (meningococcus A, B, C, Y and W135, papillomavirus), dose (hepatitis B), the schedule (hepatitis B, hepatitis A, pneumococcal, measles), re-administration (hepatitis B, varicella), antibody titration (hepatitis B, varicella). Patients with chronic kidney disease are more susceptible to develop hepatitis B infection. As for adult population, the haemodialysis patients are vaccinated with double dose4 of hepatitis B vaccine. The antibodies titration at our hospital is made twice a year and anti-HBs level needed are 30 to 50 UI/mL. Hepatitis A is a recommended vaccine for risk population including haemodialysis patients and chronic kidney disease patients. The vaccination schedule is the same for haemodialysis patients with two doses but the second dose is administered earlier, i.e. six months after the first with an antibody screening. For the pneumococcal vaccine, an additional dose is administered at 3 month of age for premature and at risk children and the conjugated vaccine potentiates the polyosidic vaccine. For measles, the second dose may be omitted if the antibody titration confirms the protection to allow the patient to be registered earlier on the renal transplant list. Flu vaccination is recommended with the same dose and schedule that the other patients, but tetravalent vaccines should always be chosen.ConclusionsChildren with chronic kidney disease or on haemodialysis are more at risk of vaccine preventable infectious diseases and should be vaccinated earlier before beginning dialysis. The specific immunization schedule will be presented and may be used by other hospital and countries for concerned patients.ReferencesBakkaloğlu SA, et al. Vaccination Practices in Pediatric Dialysis Patients Across Europe. A European Pediatric Dialysis Working Group and European Society for Pediatric Nephrology Dialysis Working Group Study. Nephron 2018;138:280–286.Costa NCP, da Canhestro MR, Soares CMBM & Rodrigues JS. Monitoring of post-vaccination anti-HBs titles vaccine in children and adolescents in the pre-dialysis of chronic kidney disease. Braz. J. Nephrol. 2017;39:296–304.DGS_Anne.M, DICOM_Jocelyne.M, DGS_Anne.M & DICOM_Jocelyne.M. Le calendrier vaccinal. Ministère des Solidarités et de la Santé (2019). Available at: https://solidarites-sante.gouv.fr/prevention-en-sante/preserver-sa-sante/vaccination/calendrier-vaccinal (Accessed: 28th June 2019)Misurac JM, et al. Immunogenicity of augmented compared with standard dose hepatitis B vaccine in pediatric patients on dialysis: a midwest pediatric nephrology consortium study. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol 2017;12:772–778.

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Summary of Major Changes in the 1994 Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.93.6.1000 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 93 (6) ◽

pp. 1000-1002

Author(s):

Georges Peter

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Active Immunization ◽

Infants And Children ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽

Immunization Schedule ◽

Type B ◽

Related Information ◽

American Academy Of Pediatrics

The 1994 edition of the Red Book was recently published by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), providing the most recent recommendations and guidelines for prevention, control, and treatment of infectious diseases in infants and children.1 These recommendations and guidelines are based on information available through 1993 and replace those given in the 1991 Red Book. To aid physicians and other health care professionals in assimilating new recommendations and information into their practices, a summary of major changes is given in the Red Book. This summary, with minor changes, is reprinted here. Subsequent recommendations of the AAP are published as Committee statements in AAP News and Pediatrics. In keeping with the current 3-year intervals between editions of the Red Book, the next edition is anticipated no later than 1997. Major changes in recommendations and related information in the 1994 Red Book are summarized as follows: 1. Immunization recommendations. The schedules for routine immunization, including changes in recommendations for Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B, measles, and oral polio vaccines have been revised. In view of the increasing complexity of the immunization recommendations for infants and children, particular attention should be given to the comments and footnotes in these schedules. In addition, because licensure of new vaccines and revised recommendations after publication of the Red Book will result in continuing changes, the Committee anticipates the publication of an updated immunization schedule each year in the interval before the next edition of the Red Book is published. 2. Guidelines on active immunization.

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