Indication, Risk and Benefit of Anti-Thrombotic Therapy for Patients with Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases : Basic Knowledge for Neurosurgeons

: Chronic cerebral ischemia is one of the common ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Chronic cerebral ischemia can lead to brain dysfunction, and its pathophysiological mechanism involves inflammation, blood-brain barrier destruction, oxidative stress, and other factors. Due to it being difficult to detect, it is easily overlooked, and it is often only observed following onset of cognitive dysfunction. At present, there are few drugs for this treatment. DL-3-N-BUTYLPHTHALIDE (NBP), a compound extracted from celery seed, may play an important role in protecting against brain damage caused by chronic cerebral ischemia. Therefore, we pay more attention to the prevention and treatment of NBP on chronic cerebral ischemia.

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The Vulnerability of Vessels Involved in the Role of Embolism and Hypoperfusion in the Mechanisms of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/8531958 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yong Peng Yu ◽

Lan Tan

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Infarction ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Effective Care ◽

Cerebrovascular Events ◽

Accurate Definition ◽

Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Vascular Stenosis

Accurate definition and better understanding of the mechanisms of stroke are crucial as this will guide the effective care and therapy. In this paper, we review the previous basic and clinical researches on the causes or mechanisms of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD) and interpret the correlation between embolism and hypoperfusion based on vascular stenosis and arterial intimal lesions. It was suggested that if there is no embolus (dynamic or in situ emboli), there might be no cerebral infarction. Three kinds of different clinical outcomes of TIA were theoretically interpreted based on its mechanisms. We suppose that there is a correlation between embolism and hypoperfusion, and which mechanisms (hypoperfusion or hypoperfusion induced microemboli) playing the dominant role in each type of ICVD depends on the unique background of arterial intimal lesions (the vulnerability of vessels). That is to say, the vulnerability of vessels is involved in the role of embolism and hypoperfusion in the mechanisms of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. This inference might enrich and provide better understandings for the underlying etiologies of ischemic cerebrovascular events.

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Evaluation of the character of structural and functional changes in cerebral vessels in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases on the background of multifocal lesions.

Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives) ◽

10.26641/2307-0404.2018.3.147952 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 35-41

Author(s):

O. A. Rosits'ka

Keyword(s):

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Cerebral Vessels ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Multifocal Lesions ◽

Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases

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Study on pharmacokinetics of nimodipine nano-controlled release agent modified by host-guest reaction of β-cyclodextrin in rats

Materials Express ◽

10.1166/mex.2021.1994 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 839-845

Author(s):

Xiaoxiu Fu ◽

Lin Ma ◽

Yang Cao ◽

Hengzhong Xu ◽

Yan Guo

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

The Elderly ◽

Rat Plasma ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Absolute Bioavailability ◽

Release Agent ◽

Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Antagonist ◽

Oral Preparation ◽

Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

The Stability

Nimodipine (NIMO) has been identified as a second-generation dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist. NIMO’s specificity for the cerebrovascular smooth muscle contributes to its broad usage in treating ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in the elderly. Therefore, enhancing NIMO’s therapeutic effect and reducing its adverse reactions caused by short-term repeated use have become a focus of research. As a result, a new controlled-release preparation of NIMO, the carboxymethyl chitosan/nimodipine-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin nanoparticle (Nano-NIMO), was constructed based on hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. The novel composite Nano-NIMO preparation could significantly improve the stability of NIMO in rat plasma, achieving an absolute bioavailability as high as 62.3%, which is three times that of the traditional NIMO oral preparation. Therefore, Nano-NIMO is expected to provide a new direction for the preparation of modified controlled-release Nano- NIMO agents.

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