INDUSTRY, GOVERNMENT, AND REGIONAL EFFORTS IN OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLANNING: MALAYSIA'S PERSPECTIVES

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Hussein Bin Rahmat ◽  
Mohd Radzuan Bin Yusof
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
South China ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Strait Of Malacca

ABSTRACT The increasing incidence of oil spills in the Strait of Malacca and the South China Sea has resulted in growing concern about Malaysia's capability to respond to oil spills in its waters. This concern is compounded by the ever-growing number of oil tankers plying the Strait of Malacca and the South China Sea, as well as the intensifying exploration and development of offshore petroleum resources. Various measures were taken by the government to deal with the problem, including a review of its National Oil Spill Contingency Plan (NOSCP) and incorporating a coordinated and a cost-effective response mechanism among the various government agencies. The incorporation of the Petroleum Industry of Malaysia Mutual Aid Group (PIMMAG), which enables the oil industry to pool its oil spill response resources, reflects the industry's commitment to strengthen the NOSCP. Since the mid 1970s, a number of regional plans have been instituted including the Traffic Separation Scheme for the Strait of Malacca, the Strait of Malacca and Singapore Revolving Fund, the Lombok-Macassar Oil Spill Contingency Plan, the Brunei Bay Oil Spill Contingency Plan, the ASEAN Oil Spill Response Plan, and the proposed ASCOPE Oil Spill Contingency Plan.

scholarly journals Legal Issue Comparison of Piracy and Armed Robbery with Emphasis on the South China Sea-Malacca Strait and the Persian Gulf -Strait of Hormuz

FIAT JUSTISIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Zohourian
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Strait Of Hormuz ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Malacca Strait ◽  
Strait Of Malacca

International trading flows have always been the subject of geopolitical risks and conflicts. Different stages of the supply chain, trade always face inherent challenges caused by geopolitical realities along given routes. In this study, the data concerning piracy and armed robberies of ships reported to the Global Integrated Shipping Information System were considered. The statistics include the information on the incidents during the period between 1998 and 2018 on different types of ships, in two most strategic areas, namely the South China Sea (SCS) and the Strait of Malacca (area 1) and the Strait of Hormuz and the Persian Gulf (area 2). According to the GISIS reports, most of the incidents occurred in the South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca are respectively 1684 and 610. Because of the importance of both the Strait of Hormuz and the Malacca Strait as the most vital waterway in the world, it is necessary to have a clear picture of the security situation in the two aforementioned Strait. This research allowed us: 1) to make a distinction between the security in two aforementioned areas; 2) to represent the source of the information for researchers.

scholarly journals SURFACE SALINITIES IN THE STRAIT OF MALACCA

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 27-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raden E. Soeriaatmadja
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
The South ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Strait Of Malacca

A continuous northwest-going current prevails in the Strait of Malacca throughout the year, except June and August, when the currents are very weak and sometimes reversed  in the .southern part. The southern part of the Strait of Malacca is influenced by the currents. These currents transport low saline water into the Strait during the southwest monsoon and high saline water from the South China Sea during the northeast monsoon. In the northern part, the rainfall is of greater importance for the variations of the surface salinity and a strong correlation between rainfall and surface salinities is found in this region. It is unlikely that Indian Ocean water penetrates the South China Sea.

Trajectory and weathering of oil spill in Daya bay, the South China sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 115562
Author(s):  
Zhu Zhen ◽  
Daming Li ◽  
Yanqing Li ◽  
Shou Chen ◽  
Shilong Bu
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Daya Bay ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea

scholarly journals Statistical Comparison of piracy and armed robbery with emphasis on the South China Sea - Malacca Strait and the Persian Gulf - Strait of Hormuz

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Zohourian
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Strait Of Hormuz ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Malacca Strait ◽  
Strait Of Malacca

International trading flows have always been the subject of geopolitical risks and conflicts. Different stages of the supply chain, trade always face inherent challenges caused by geopolitical realities along given routes. In this study, the data concerning piracy and armed robberies of ships reported to the Global Integrated Shipping Information System were considered. The statistics include the information on the incidents during the period between 1998 and 2018 on different types of ships, in two most strategic areas, namely the South China Sea (SCS) and the Strait of Malacca (area 1) and the Strait of Hormuz and the Persian Gulf (area 2). According to the GISIS reports, most of the incidents occurred in the South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca are respectively 1684 and 610. Because of the importance of both the Strait of Hormuz and the Malacca Strait as the most vital waterway in the world, it is necessary to have a clear picture of the security situation in the two aforementioned Straits. This research allowed us: 1) to make a distinction between the security in two aforementioned areas; 2) to represent the source of the information for researchers.

THE GROWTH IN ENERGY ACTIVITIES IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA – ARE WE TRULY PREPARED?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 825-836
Author(s):  
Yoppy Tan
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Energy Trade ◽  
Political Challenge ◽  
Trade Route

ABSTRACT Stretching from Singapore and the Strait of Malacca chokepoint in the southwest to the Strait of Taiwan in the northeast, the South China Sea is one of the most important energy trade routes in the world. Almost a third of global crude oil and over half of global liquefied natural gas (LNG) passes through the South China Sea each year. Coupled with the significant economy growth from China, that is the world's largest oil importer, protecting the flow of oil becomes a prime consideration of the South East and East Asia governments. All of these factors make the South China Sea to hold one of the highest potential for oil spill, be it by quantity of oil or frequency of energy activities. In the region, our industry faces increasing political challenge due to the disputed territorial waters and hence if an incident affecting multiple countries such as an oil spill occurs, the response may be chaotic if not adequately prepared for. The duty is on industry to work with regional governmental groups to promote joined-up response that is sufficiently robust and flexible to deal with both marine and well-control incidents. Other factors that could pose a major challenge are the understanding of response tool kits and prioritization given to national environmental laws and regulations which will vary amongst the affected administrations. Has there been sufficient investigation into the range of national laws which could help/hinder inter-regional approach? What about each of the area contingency plan along the South China Sea? Is there sufficient data on the crude oil characteristics in this region and the availability of Stockpile of equipment along this stretch of the trade route? This paper provides an overview of the oil industry's response to the growing energy activities in the South China Sea using case studies to illustrate the situations that are still occurring in practice.

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