scholarly journals Statistical Comparison of piracy and armed robbery with emphasis on the South China Sea - Malacca Strait and the Persian Gulf - Strait of Hormuz

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Zohourian
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Strait Of Hormuz ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Malacca Strait ◽  
Strait Of Malacca

International trading flows have always been the subject of geopolitical risks and conflicts. Different stages of the supply chain, trade always face inherent challenges caused by geopolitical realities along given routes. In this study, the data concerning piracy and armed robberies of ships reported to the Global Integrated Shipping Information System were considered. The statistics include the information on the incidents during the period between 1998 and 2018 on different types of ships, in two most strategic areas, namely the South China Sea (SCS) and the Strait of Malacca (area 1) and the Strait of Hormuz and the Persian Gulf (area 2). According to the GISIS reports, most of the incidents occurred in the South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca are respectively 1684 and 610. Because of the importance of both the Strait of Hormuz and the Malacca Strait as the most vital waterway in the world, it is necessary to have a clear picture of the security situation in the two aforementioned Straits. This research allowed us: 1) to make a distinction between the security in two aforementioned areas; 2) to represent the source of the information for researchers.

scholarly journals Legal Issue Comparison of Piracy and Armed Robbery with Emphasis on the South China Sea-Malacca Strait and the Persian Gulf -Strait of Hormuz

FIAT JUSTISIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Zohourian
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Strait Of Hormuz ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Malacca Strait ◽  
Strait Of Malacca

International trading flows have always been the subject of geopolitical risks and conflicts. Different stages of the supply chain, trade always face inherent challenges caused by geopolitical realities along given routes. In this study, the data concerning piracy and armed robberies of ships reported to the Global Integrated Shipping Information System were considered. The statistics include the information on the incidents during the period between 1998 and 2018 on different types of ships, in two most strategic areas, namely the South China Sea (SCS) and the Strait of Malacca (area 1) and the Strait of Hormuz and the Persian Gulf (area 2). According to the GISIS reports, most of the incidents occurred in the South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca are respectively 1684 and 610. Because of the importance of both the Strait of Hormuz and the Malacca Strait as the most vital waterway in the world, it is necessary to have a clear picture of the security situation in the two aforementioned Strait. This research allowed us: 1) to make a distinction between the security in two aforementioned areas; 2) to represent the source of the information for researchers.

A new species of Gourretia (Decapoda: Axiidea: Gourretiidae) from the Persian Gulf, Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Sepahvand ◽  
Nasrollah Rastegar Pouyani ◽  
Farzaneh Momtazi
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
A New Species

Sampling in subtidal waters of the Persian Gulf revealed a new species of ghost shrimp from the family Gourretiidae. Gourretia qeshmensis sp. nov. resembles G. sinica from the South China Sea and G. manihinae from Tanzania. Gourretia qeshmensis sp. nov. differs from these two species by characters of the ischium of the large cheliped, pereopod 3, exopod of the uropod and maxilliped 3.

INDUSTRY, GOVERNMENT, AND REGIONAL EFFORTS IN OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLANNING: MALAYSIA'S PERSPECTIVES

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Hussein Bin Rahmat ◽  
Mohd Radzuan Bin Yusof
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
South China ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Strait Of Malacca

ABSTRACT The increasing incidence of oil spills in the Strait of Malacca and the South China Sea has resulted in growing concern about Malaysia's capability to respond to oil spills in its waters. This concern is compounded by the ever-growing number of oil tankers plying the Strait of Malacca and the South China Sea, as well as the intensifying exploration and development of offshore petroleum resources. Various measures were taken by the government to deal with the problem, including a review of its National Oil Spill Contingency Plan (NOSCP) and incorporating a coordinated and a cost-effective response mechanism among the various government agencies. The incorporation of the Petroleum Industry of Malaysia Mutual Aid Group (PIMMAG), which enables the oil industry to pool its oil spill response resources, reflects the industry's commitment to strengthen the NOSCP. Since the mid 1970s, a number of regional plans have been instituted including the Traffic Separation Scheme for the Strait of Malacca, the Strait of Malacca and Singapore Revolving Fund, the Lombok-Macassar Oil Spill Contingency Plan, the Brunei Bay Oil Spill Contingency Plan, the ASEAN Oil Spill Response Plan, and the proposed ASCOPE Oil Spill Contingency Plan.

Radiolarian biogeographic contrast between spring of 2017 and winter of 2017–2018 in the South China sea and Malacca Strait

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 104245
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Lanlan Zhang ◽  
Rong Xiang ◽  
Noritoshi Suzuki ◽  
Zhuoya Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Malacca Strait

scholarly journals SURFACE SALINITIES IN THE STRAIT OF MALACCA

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 27-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raden E. Soeriaatmadja
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
The South ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Strait Of Malacca

A continuous northwest-going current prevails in the Strait of Malacca throughout the year, except June and August, when the currents are very weak and sometimes reversed  in the .southern part. The southern part of the Strait of Malacca is influenced by the currents. These currents transport low saline water into the Strait during the southwest monsoon and high saline water from the South China Sea during the northeast monsoon. In the northern part, the rainfall is of greater importance for the variations of the surface salinity and a strong correlation between rainfall and surface salinities is found in this region. It is unlikely that Indian Ocean water penetrates the South China Sea.

scholarly journals Comparative Phylogeography and Phylogeny of Pennah Croakers (Teleostei: Sciaenidae) in Southeast Asian Waters

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1926
Author(s):  
Hong-Chiun Lim ◽  
Ahasan Habib ◽  
Wei-Jen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Eastern Indian Ocean ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Malacca Strait

A broad-scale comparative phylogeographic and phylogenetic study of pennah croakers, mainly Pennahia anea, P. macrocephalus, and P. ovata was conducted to elucidate the mechanisms that may have driven the diversification of marine organisms in Southeast Asian waters. A total of 316 individuals from the three species, and an additional eight and six individuals of P. argentata and P. pawak were employed in this study. Two genetically divergent lineages each of P. argentata and P. anea (lineages L1 and L2) were respectively detected from the analyses based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene data. Historical biogeography analysis with a multi-gene dataset revealed that Pennahia species most likely originated in the South China Sea and expanded into the eastern Indian Ocean, East China Sea, and northwestern Pacific Ocean through three separate range expansions. The main diversifications of Pennahia species occurred during Miocene and Pliocene periods, and the occurrences of lineage divergences within P. anea and P. argentata were during the Pleistocene, likely as a consequence of cyclical glaciations. The population expansions that occurred after the sea level rise might be the reason for the population homogeneity observed in P. macrocephalus and most P. anea L2 South China Sea populations. The structure observed between the two populations of P. ovata, and the restricted distributions of P. anea lineage L1 and P. ovata in the eastern Indian Ocean, might have been hampered by the northward flowing ocean current at the Malacca Strait and by the distribution of coral reefs or rocky bottoms. While our results support S. Ekman’s center-of-origin hypothesis taking place in the South China Sea, the Malacca Strait serving as the center of overlap is a supplementary postulation for explaining the present-day high diversity of pennah croakers centered in these waters.

The Malacca Strait, the South China Sea and the Sino-American Competition in the Indo-Pacific

2021 ◽  
pp. 234779702110174
Author(s):  
Paweł Paszak
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Threat Perception ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Malacca Strait

This article aims to highlight security dynamics of the US–China competition in the Indo-Pacific associated with the Malacca Strait and the South China Sea through the prism of Balance of Threat Theory. It is argued that the control over strategic lines of communication is a significant factor in the process of constructing threat perception of East and Southeast Asian states as they remain heavily reliant on maritime transportation of commodities and energy resources. The US navy is the major security provider in the maritime domain which makes China vulnerable to a potential naval blockade. China faces a double dilemma as the status quo is interpreted as potentially detrimental to its interests, but any attempts to undermine it are likely to prompt Asian states to join US balancing efforts. China’s geographical proximity, its rising military power and revisionist tendencies make the US the more desirable security partner to the region.

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