Clinical Evaluation of Class I Restorations Made with Composite with Low Degree of Polymerization Shrinkage

Abstract In this study one-year clinical results of high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji IX, A3, GC, Japan) were determined in class I and class II restorations in 68 primary molars with occlusal or approximal caries. Following caries removal and cavity preparation, the teeth were restored with Fuji IX. The restorations were evaluated according to the U.S. Public Health Service's (USPHS) criteria at the end of one year. Statistical analyses of the data obtained were analyzed using the X2 test. The evaluations showed no statistically significant difference between class I and class II restorations in terms of the color mismatch, anatomic form, marginal adaptation, and secondary caries (P>0.05), but they were statistically significant with regard to cavosurface marginal discoloration (P<0.05). At the end of one year, the success rate of the class I and class II restorations of the primary molars restored with Fuji IX was 94%. Citation Yilmaz Y, Eyuboglu Ö, Kocogullari ME, Belduz M. A One-Year Clinical Evaluation of a High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement in Primary Molars. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:071-078.

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Human taste detection of glucose oligomers with low degree of polymerization

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0183008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. e0183008 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Alexa J. Pullicin ◽

Michael H. Penner ◽

Juyun Lim

Keyword(s):

Degree Of Polymerization ◽

Low Degree ◽

Taste Detection

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Molecular Growth Pathways in Silica Sol-Gel Polymerization

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-121-1 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 121 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

W. G. Klemperer ◽

S. D. Ramamurthi

Keyword(s):

Sol Gel ◽

Molecular Size ◽

Weight Fraction ◽

Degree Of Polymerization ◽

Partial Hydrolysis ◽

Linear Polymers ◽

Mole Percent ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Low Degree ◽

Acidic Conditions

ABSTRACTCapillary gas chromatography has been used to monitor the stoichi-ometries, structures, and abundances of low molecular weight polysilicate esters formed by partial hydrolysis of methanolic tetramethylorthosili-cate and redistribution of methanolie hexamethyoxydisiloxane under acidic (HC1) and basic (KOH) conditions. The polysilicate molecular size distributions, expressed in terms of mole percent of total silicon present as a function of degree of polymerization, show maxima near the number average degree of polymerization under acidic conditions. Under basic conditions, the distribution has its maximum at the monomer percent and extends to very high molecular weights, yielding a distribution far broader than the one observed under acidic conditions. These features are in agreement with covalent network theories of silica gelation, as opposed to particle aggregation theories. Weight fraction distributions of the type observed under acidic conditions are characteristic of linear polymers with a low degree of crosslinking and weight fraction distributions of the type observed under basic conditions are characteristic of branched polymers with high degree of crosslinking. The low degree of crosslinking obtained under acidic conditions is observed to arise from steric crowding that discourages branching in polysilicate structures.

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Enzyme-Catalyzed Production of Potato Galactan-Oligosaccharides and Its Optimization by Response Surface Methodology

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12091465 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1465 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mirian Angelene González-Ayón ◽

Ángel Licea-Claveríe ◽

José Benigno Valdez-Torres ◽

Lorenzo A. Picos-Corrales ◽

Rosabel Vélez-de la Rocha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Degree Of Polymerization ◽

Enzyme Substrate ◽

Low Degree ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Cellvibrio Japonicus ◽

Substrate Ratio ◽

Optimized Conditions ◽

Hydrolysis Of

This work shows an optimized enzymatic hydrolysis of high molecular weight potato galactan yielding pectic galactan-oligosaccharides (PGOs), where endo-β-1,4-galactanase (galactanase) from Cellvibrio japonicus and Clostridium thermocellum was used. For this, response surface methodology (RSM) by central composite design (CCD) was applied. The parameters varied were temperature (°C), pH, incubation time (min), and enzyme/substrate ratio (U/mg). The optimized conditions for the production of low degree of polymerization (DP) PGOs were obtained for each enzyme by spectrophotometric assay and confirmed by chromatography. The optimal conditions predicted for the use of C. japonicus galactanase to obtain PGOs of DP = 2 were T = 51.8 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.508 U/mg, and t = 77.5 min. For DP = 3, they were T = 21 °C, pH 9, E/S = 0.484 U/mg, and t = 12.5 min; and for DP = 4, they were T = 21 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.462 U/mg, and t = 12.5 min. The efficiency results were 51.3% for substrate hydrolysis. C. thermocellum galactanase had a lower yield (35.7%) and optimized conditions predicted for PGOs of DP = 2 were T = 60 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.525 U/mg, and time = 148 min; DP = 3 were T = 59.7 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.506 U/mg, and time = 12.5 min; and DP = 4, were T = 34.5 °C, pH 11, E/S = 0.525 U/mg, and time = 222.5 min. Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterizations of PGOs are presented.

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