scholarly journals Spatial Pattern of Soil Carbon Density in Cultivated Land of Different Domains of Madhya Pradesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-77
Author(s):  
G. S. Tagore ◽  
Y. M. Sharma ◽  
R. Sharma ◽  
G. D. Bairagi ◽  
A. K. Dwivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Spherical Model ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Soil Carbon Density ◽  
Correlation Range

Present study was conducted in the Department of Soil Science JNKVV, Jabalpur during 2018-2020. GPS based 531 soil samples were collected from each domain viz., Bhopal, Jabalpur, Vidisha and Hoshangabad of 10.1 Agro ecological sub region (AESR). The samples analyzed for soil organic carbon (SOC) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) then soil organic carbon density (SOCD), total organic carbon density (TOCD), soil inorganic carbon density (SICD) and total carbon density (TCD) in Mg C ha-1 were calculated. The results of SOCD, TOCD, SICD and TCD ranged from 4.73 to 25.12, 9.22 to 48.98, 1.00 to 21.29 and 11.08 to 68.80 Mg C ha-1 with mean value of 12.19, 23.78, 7.58 and 31.36 Mg C ha-1 in AESR 10.1 and Coefficient of variation (CV) 37.58, 37.58, 50.88 and 31.24 %. The overall trend in SOCD was Bhopal > Vidisha > Jabalpur > Hoshanagabad and SICD was Vidisha > Hoshanagabad > Jabalpur >Bhopal while TCD was in trend of Bhopal > Vidisha > Hoshangabad> Jabalpur. Geo-statistical indicated that Ordinary Kriging used and all variogram were in isotropic form. In Bhopal domain, Gaussian model best fitted for of SOCD, TOCD, and TCD but spherical model for SICD. In Jabalpur domain, exponential domain best fitted for TCD and TOCD but for SICD, spherical model and for SOCD, Gaussian model is best fitted. In Vidisha domain, exponential model best fitted for all. In Hoshangabad domain, exponential model is best fitted for SOCD and TOCD and Gaussian and J-Bessel model best fitted for TCD and SIC, respectively. The nugget/ sill (N/S) ratio was <25% which exhibit strong SD only for SICD in Bhopal domain. The N/S ratio was found to be >25% but <75% which showed moderate SD, for SOCD, TOCD and TC, TOCD, SICD and TCD; SOCD, TOCD, SICD and TCD and SOCD, TOCD, SICD and TCD in Bhopal, Jabalpur, Vidisha and Hoshangabad domain, respectively. The correlation range (m) for SOCD, TOCD, SICD and TCD are 5448.413, 4809.535, 360.522, and 5113.050; 7201.044, 6601.044, 611.651, and 8438.711; 5734.559, 7334.398, 1323.773, and 7881.289 and 5418.684, 5433.206, 8887.656, and 1836.274 in Bhopal, Jabalpur, Vidisha and Hoshangabad domain, respectively. The carbon density was found in order of Jabalpur> Hoshangabad >Vidisha > Bhopal.

Effects of grazing intensity on organic carbon stock characteristics in Stipa breviflora desert steppe vegetation soil systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heyun Wang ◽  
Zhi Dong ◽  
Jianying Guo ◽  
Hongli Li ◽  
Jinrong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Desert Steppe ◽  
Light Fraction Organic Carbon ◽  
Grazing Intensities ◽  
Organic Carbon Stock

Grassland ecosystems, an important component of the terrestrial environment, play an essential role in the global carbon cycle and balance. We considered four different grazing intensities on a Stipa breviflora desert steppe: heavy grazing (HG), moderate grazing (MG), light grazing (LG), and an area fenced to exclude livestock grazing as the Control (CK). The analyses of the aboveground biomass, litter, belowground biomass, soil organic carbon and soil light fraction organic carbon were utilised to study the organic carbon stock characteristics in the S. breviflora desert steppe under different grazing intensities. This is important to reveal the mechanisms of grazing impact on carbon processes in the desert steppe, and can provide a theoretical basis for conservation and utilisation of grassland resources. Results showed that the carbon stock was 11.98–44.51 g m–2 in aboveground biomass, 10.43–36.12 g m–2 in plant litters, and 502.30–804.31 g m–2 in belowground biomass (0–40 cm). It was significantly higher in CK than in MG and HG. The carbon stock at 0–40-cm soil depth was 7817.43–9694.16 g m–2, and it was significantly higher in LG than in CK and HG. The total carbon stock in the vegetation-soil system was 8342.14–10494.80 g m–2 under different grazing intensities, with the largest value in LG, followed by MG, CK, and HG. About 90.54–93.71% of the total carbon in grassland ecosystem was reserved in soil. The LG and MG intensities were beneficial to the accumulation of soil organic carbon stock. The soil light fraction organic carbon stock was 484.20–654.62 g m–2 and was the highest under LG intensity. The LG and MG intensities were beneficial for soil nutrient accumulation in the desert steppe.

scholarly journals Australian net (1950s–1990) soil organic carbon erosion: implications for CO<sub>2</sub> emission and land–atmosphere modelling

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5235-5244 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chappell ◽  
N. P. Webb ◽  
R. A. Viscarra Rossel ◽  
E. Bui
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Management Context ◽  
Land Use And Management

Abstract. The debate remains unresolved about soil erosion substantially offsetting fossil fuel emissions and acting as an important source or sink of CO2. There is little historical land use and management context to this debate, which is central to Australia's recent past of European settlement, agricultural expansion and agriculturally-induced soil erosion. We use "catchment" scale (∼25 km2) estimates of 137Cs-derived net (1950s–1990) soil redistribution of all processes (wind, water and tillage) to calculate the net soil organic carbon (SOC) redistribution across Australia. We approximate the selective removal of SOC at net eroding locations and SOC enrichment of transported sediment and net depositional locations. We map net (1950s–1990) SOC redistribution across Australia and estimate erosion by all processes to be ∼4 Tg SOC yr−1, which represents a loss of ∼2% of the total carbon stock (0–10 cm) of Australia. Assuming this net SOC loss is mineralised, the flux (∼15 Tg CO2-equivalents yr−1) represents an omitted 12% of CO2-equivalent emissions from all carbon pools in Australia. Although a small source of uncertainty in the Australian carbon budget, the mass flux interacts with energy and water fluxes, and its omission from land surface models likely creates more uncertainty than has been previously recognised.

scholarly journals The use of radiocarbon <sup>14</sup>C to constrain carbon dynamics in the soil module of the land surface model ORCHIDEE (SVN r5165)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Tifafi ◽  
Marta Camino-Serrano ◽  
Christine Hatté ◽  
Hector Morras ◽  
Lucas Moretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Surface Model

Abstract. Despite the importance of soil as a large component of the terrestrial ecosystems, the soil compartments are not well represented in the Land Surface Models (LSMs). Indeed, soils in current LSMs are generally represented based on a very simplified schema that can induce a misrepresentation of the deep dynamics of soil carbon. Here, we present a new version of the IPSL-Land Surface Model called ORCHIDEE-SOM, incorporating the 14C dynamic in the soil. ORCHIDEE-SOM, first, simulates soil carbon dynamics for different layers, down to 2 m depth. Second, concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and its transport are modeled. Finally, soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition is considered taking into account the priming effect. After implementing the 14C in the soil module of the model, we evaluated model outputs against observations of soil organic carbon and 14C activity (F14C) for different sites with different characteristics. The model managed to reproduce the soil organic carbon stocks and the F14C along the vertical profiles. However, an overestimation of the total carbon stock was noted, but was mostly marked on the surface. Then, thanks to the introduction of 14C, it has been possible to highlight an underestimation of the age of carbon in the soil. Thereafter, two different tests on this new version have been established. The first was to increase carbon residence time of the passive pool and decrease the flux from the slow pool to the passive pool. The second was to establish an equation of diffusion, initially constant throughout the profile, making it vary exponentially as a function of depth. The first modifications did not improve the capacity of the model to reproduce observations whereas the second test showed a decrease of the soil carbon stock overestimation, especially at the surface and an improvement of the estimates of the carbon age. This assumes that we should focus more on vertical variation of soil parameters as a function of depth, mainly for diffusion, in order to upgrade the representation of global carbon cycle in LSMs, thereby helping to improve predictions of the future response of soil organic carbon to global warming.

scholarly journals Carbon storage along altitudes in agrisilviculture system- Case study of Devprayag Block, Tehri District, Uttarakhand, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
K.K. Vikrant ◽  
D.S. Chauhan ◽  
R.H. Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon Stock ◽  
Crop Biomass

Climate change is one of the impending problems that have affected the productivity of agroecosystems which calls for urgent action. Carbon sequestration through agroforestry along altitude in mountainous regions is one of the options to contribute to global climate change mitigation. Three altitudes viz. lower (286-1200m), middle (1200-2000m), and upper (2000-2800m) have been selected in Tehri district. Ten Quadrates (10m × 10 m) were randomly selected from each altitude in agrisilviculture system. At every sampling point, one composite soil sample was taken at 30 cm soil depth for soil organic carbon analysis. For the purpose of woody biomass, Non destructive method and for crop biomass assessment destructive method was employed. Finally, aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass carbon (BGB), Total tree Biomass (TTB), Crop biomass (CB), Total Biomass (TB), Total biomass carbon (TBC), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total carbon stock (TC) status were estimated and variables were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).The result indicated that AGB, BGB, TTB, CB , TB, TBC, SOC, and TC varied significantly (p < 0.05) across the altitudes. Results showed that total carbon stock followed the order upper altitude ˃ middle altitudes ˃ lower altitude. The upper altitude (2000-2800 m) AGB, BGB,TTB, TBC,SOC, and TC stock was estimated as 2.11 Mg ha-1 , 0.52 Mg ha-1, 2.63 Mg ha-1, 2.633 Mg ha-1, 1.18 Mg ha-1 , 26.53 Mg ha-1, 38.48 Mg ha-1 respectively, and significantly higher than the other altitudes. It was concluded that agrisilviculture system hold a high potential for carbon storage at temperate zones. Quercus lucotrichophora, Grewia oppositifolia and Melia azadirach contributed maximum carbon storage which may greatly contribute to the climate resilient green economy strategy and their conservation should be promoted.

scholarly journals Soil organic carbon storage in moutain grasslands of the Lake Plateau at Mt. Durmitor in Montenegro

2012 ◽  
pp. 113-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratko Kadovic ◽  
Snezana Belanovic ◽  
Dragica Obratov-Petkovic ◽  
Ivana Bjedov ◽  
Veljko Perovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Density

Soil organic C storage in mountain areas is highly heterogeneous, mainly as a result of local-scale variability in the soil environment and microclimate. The aims of the present study were to estimate soil organic carbon density (SOCD) and stocks in leptosol on morainic deposits of high-altitude grasslands of the Lake Plateau of Mt. Durmitor National Park in Montenegro, and determine the soil variables that can be used as factors to determine the SOCD at 28 soil profiles. Our results indicated that SOC storage in the top 40 cm of the alpine grasslands were estimated at 560 414.86 t C, or 152.66 t?ha-1, with an average density of 15.27 kg?m-2. The soil organic carbon density increased significantly with soil moisture, clay and silt content, but only moderately with mean annual temperature. In conjunction, these variables could explain approximately 51% of the total variation in SOC density.

Spatial Distribution and Reserves Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon Based on GIS in Maiji Area of Tianshui

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
Ai Hong Gai ◽  
Ren Zhi Zhang ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Xiao Long Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Density ◽  
Secondary Survey ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

The soil organic carbon density and storage of Maiji Area of Tianshui was estmiated, using the data of 6060 soil profile from the second soil survey of China and formulating fertilization for soil conditions in 2008. Integrating the soil map, land use status map and district map of Maiji Area of Tianshui, the index of the characteristic of soil organic distribution in different soil and soil layers were analyzed. Results showed: the soil of Maiji area have low average density, when soil secondary census, depths of 5cm,20cm,1m average density of organic carbon are 0.92kg•m-2,3.31kg•m-2,7.79kg•m-2 respectively, average density of organic carbon at depth of 20cm is 2.43 kg•m-2 in 2008 years, As a standard of Yu Dongsheng’s (2005) estimation of average density of 9.60 kg•m-2 in the depth of 1m all over the China, Maiji area 1m deep soil organic carbon density is lower 1.91kg•m-2 than the average density of whole country; The calculation of the secondary survey, reserves of organic carbon in surface soil (0-5cm) is about 4.83×106t, reserves of organic carbon in fall (0-20cm) is about 12.46×106t, reserves of soil organic carbon in 1m depth is about 45.17×106t, reserves of soil organic carbon in fall (0-20cm) is about 18.55×106t in 2008 years. In a word, the soil organic carbon storage was relatively indigent in Maiji Area of Tianshui.

Regional pattern of soil organic carbon density and its influence upon the plough layers of cropland

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (16) ◽  
pp. 2461-2474
Author(s):  
Liangxia Duan ◽  
Zhenwei Li ◽  
Hongxia Xie ◽  
Hong Yuan ◽  
Zhiming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Regional Pattern ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Density

scholarly journals Study on Carbon Stock of Leasehold Forests of Katakuti VDC, Dolakha District

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Tshering Dolma Lama ◽  
Ram Asheshwar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

A study was carried on ten leasehold forests of Katakuti VDC, Dolakha district to estimate the carbon stock. Random sampling was used to collect the biophysical data of trees/ poles, sapling, root and leaf litter, herb and grass. Then, the biomass was calculated using the respective equation and the calculated biomass stock was converted into carbon stock multiplying with 0.47. Similarly, the soil samples were collectewd from different depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm to determine the soil organic carbon. Lastly, all analyzed data were compiled to get total carbon stocks. The result showed that the estimated total carbon stock per ha was found to be highest in Srijana leasehold forest with 125.493 t C/ha. The estimated total carbon stock of 10 leasehold forest was found to be 1439.033 tons. Here, Leasehold forests have been an emerging and successful example in conserving forests in epal. So, it is recommended to extend such studies in other parts of Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v5i0.10255   The Initiation 2013 Vol.5; 63-67

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