Genetic Variability and Character Association for Oil Yield and Its Components in Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. C. Odiyi ◽  
E. F. Alegbeleye
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The need to find suitable alternative to fossil fuel necessitated the search for non-food oil crops like physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.). Improvement of the crop requires adequate knowledge of extent of genetic variability present. Therefore, a study was carried out to determine genetic variability and character association among forty local and exotic accessions of physic nut. The accessions were evaluated in two years in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated highly significant variation among the accessions for all characters studied except plant height and number of seeds per fruit. High estimates of heritability were observed in number of leaves (84.10%) and seed oil (94.97%) while heritability was low in number of seeds (11.30%) and plant height (13.36%), other characters had moderate heritability. High heritability estimates were accompanied by relatively low genetic advance in all the traits except kernel oil, an indication that the character has high selection value with less environmental influence. Correlation analysis showed that tall plants produced bigger seeds because of the positive association between plant height and seed weight. Therefore, seed weight can be used as selection index.

scholarly journals CRESCIMENTO DE PINHÃO-MANSO EM FUNÇÃO DA ÁREA ÚTIL E DO CONSÓRCIO COM TIFTON 85

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deisinara Giane Schulz ◽  
Rubens Fey ◽  
Ubirajara Contro Malavasi ◽  
Marlene De Matos Malavasi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Growth Area ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen And Phosphorus

ResumoEste ensaio comparou o crescimento e a produção de frutos de Jatropha curcas L. em função do espaço de crescimento e da presença de Tifton 85. O ensaio foi constituído por arranjos circulares com quatro tratamentos de área útil por planta (1,57 m2, 3,92 m2, 6,28 m2 e 8,63 m2), com oito repetições, consorciado ou não com a herbácea Tifton 85. O cultivo solteiro de pinhão-manso com área útil de 6,28 m2 resultou em menor altura de plantas e maiores teores foliares de nitrogênio e fósforo, enquanto que a área útil de 1,57 m2 resultou em maior altura de plantas. Os menores valores para altura, número de folhas, número de frutos, índice SPAD e teores de nitrogênio e fósforo resultaram do plantio consorciado. Entretanto, a área útil de 1,57 m2 promoveu maiores diâmetros do caule. O diâmetro da copa apresentou os maiores valores em plantas crescendo com área útil de 3,92 m2, enquanto que com 1,57 m2 houve limitação na ampliação da copa. A produção máxima de frutos em cultivo solteiro foi alcançada aos 18 meses após o plantio, correspondente à estação quente do ano, independentemente dos espaçamentos de plantio.Palavras-chave: Cultivo consorciado; espaçamento de plantio; planta forrageira; Jatropha curcas L. AbstractGrowth and fruit production of physic nut as a function of plant growth area and Tifton 85. This essay compared development and fruit production of Jatropha curcas L. in relation to growing space and presence of an herbaceous competitor. The essay was composed by two circular plots with four plant growing areas (1.57 m2, 3.92 m2, 6.28 m2, and 8.63 m2) with eight replications for plot intercropped or not with Tifton 85. The cultivation of physic nut in the spacing of 6.28 m2 resulted in lower plant height and higher levels of leaf nitrogen and phosphorus, while the 1,57 m2 spacing resulted in increased plant height. The lowest values for plant height, number of leaves, number of fruits, SPAD index, and levels of nitrogen and phosphorus resulted in the intercropped plot. However, the 1.57 m2 spacing yelded higher stem diameter. Crown diameter presented the highest values in the 3.92 m2 spacing while the 1.57m2 limited the crown expansion. Maximum fruit production in monocrop plot was reached 18 months after planting date, which corresponded to the warmest season independently of planting space.Keywords: Intercropping; planting spacing; forage; Jatropha curcas L.

scholarly journals KERAGAMAN GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN KORELASI ANTAR KARAKTER 10 GENOTIPE TERPILIH JARAK PAGAR (JATROPHA CURCAS L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
R r. SRI HARTATI ◽  
ASEP SETIAWAN ◽  
BAMBANG HELIYANTO ◽  
SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Untuk menyusun program pemuliaan jarak pagar berdaya hasil<br />tinggi, diperlukan populasi dasar yang memiliki keragaman genetik yang<br />tinggi terutama pada karakter yang berkaitan dengan daya hasil tanaman.<br />Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik,<br />heritabilitas, dan korelasi antar karakter genotipe terpilih. Sepuluh<br />genotipe dievaluasi di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman<br />Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri Pakuwon, Sukabumi mulai bulan<br />Agustus 2009 - Juli 2010. Rancangan lingkungan adalah acak kelompok<br />lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri atas 5 tanaman<br />yang ditanam dalam 1 baris dengan jarak antar baris 2 m dan jarak dalam<br />baris 1 m. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap karakter vegetatif (meliputi tinggi<br />tanaman, lingkar batang, lebar kanopi, dan jumlah cabang total), karakter<br />generatif (meliputi jumlah cabang produktif, umur mulai berbunga, jumlah<br />tandan bunga, jumah tandan buah, fruit set), serta komponen hasil yaitu<br />jumlah buah per tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 10 genotipe yang<br />dievaluasi memiliki keragaman genetik yang luas pada karakter generatif<br />umur mulai berbunga, jumlah tandan bunga, jumlah tandan buah, dan<br />jumlah buah per tanaman dengan nilai koefisien keragaman genetik<br />(KKG) berturut-turut 21,89; 29,77; 32,08; dan 33,75. Karakter-karakter ini<br />memiliki ragam genetik luas dan heritabilitas dalam arti luas yang tinggi<br />sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai kriteria seleksi. Karakter vegetatif<br />jumlah cabang total memiliki keragaman genetik agak luas, heritabilitas<br />tinggi, dan berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah tandan bunga, jumlah tandan<br />buah, dan jumlah buah per tanaman sehingga dapat dipertimbangkan<br />sebagai kriteria seleksi.<br />Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas, keragaman fenotipik, koefisien keragaman,<br />ragam genetik, kriteria seleksi</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Genetic variability, heritability, and correlation among<br />characters of 10 selected genotypes of physic nut<br />(Jatropha curcas L.)<br />To arrange breeding programme of jatropha high yielding varieties,<br />it is required population base having high genetic variabilities, especially<br />in yield components. The objectives of this research were to evaluate<br />genetic variability, heritability estimate, and analyze correlation among<br />characters of 10 physic nut genotypes. Ten Jatropha curcas genotypes<br />were evaluated at Pakuwon Experimental Station of Indonesian Spice and<br />Industrial Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from August 2009 - July<br />2010. A randomized complete block design with 3 replicates was applied<br />in this experiment. Each experimental unit consisted of five plants grown<br />in a row with 2 m spacing in line and 1 m in row. The observations were<br />made for vegetative characters (plant height, stem girth, canopy width, and<br />number of total branches per plant), generative characters (days to<br />flowering, number of productive branches, inflorescences, fruit bunches<br />per plant, and fruit set percentages), and yield component : number of fruit<br />per plant. Results of the experiments indicated that the evaluated<br />genotypes had wide genetic variability on several generative characters i.e.<br />days to flowering, number of inflorescences, number of fruit bunches, and<br />number of fruits per plant with genotypic variability coefficient (GVC)<br />values of 21.89; 29.77; 32.08; and 33.75, respectively. Their genetic<br />variabilities were broad and high heritability. The total number of branches<br />as a vegetative character was fairly wide in genetic diversity, high<br />heritability, and positively correlated with number of inflorescences,<br />bunches, and fruits per plant. These characters can be considered as<br />selection criteria.<br />Key words : Jatropha curcas L., phenotypic variability, coefficient of<br />variation, genetic variability, selection criterion</p>

STUDY OF EFFECT OF EMS, MMS AND GR ON YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN URDBEAN, VIGNA MUNGO

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. SAGADE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The study of the effect of three well known mutagens, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), methyl methane sulphonate (MMS) and gamma rays (GR) on the yield contributing traits of the urdbean variety TPU-4 were carried out in the M3 generation. Effect of selected mutagenic treatments/doses of EMS (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 M), MMS (0.0025, 0.05 and 0.01 M) and (GR) (30, 40 and 50 KR) on different yield contributing traits like plant height, plant spread, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and 100 seed weight were analyzed in the M3 populations of the variety TPU-4. Seeds of M2 plants and control were harvested separately and sown to raise M3 population.. Genetic variabilty in the mutagen administered M3 progeny of the urdbean variety TPU-4 was analyzed by employing statistical methods. Data on mean values and shift in the mean of seven quantitative traits was evaluated on individual plant basis. The experimental findings revealed that concentrations / dose of the all these mutagens showed inhibitory effect on plant height, number of pods per plant, pod length and number of seeds per pod. Lower concentrations of mutagens exerted a promotory effect on plant spread, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant while higher concentrations of these mutagens inhibited them to different extent.

scholarly journals Morphophysiological Traits as Indicators of Genetic Diversity in Brazilian Populations of Jatropha curcas L. Grown Under Water Deficit

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Leandro Dias da Silva ◽  
Fábio Pinto Gomes ◽  
Mateus Pires Barbosa ◽  
Raul Antônio Araújo do Bonfim ◽  
Mikaela Oliveira Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity

Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a species grown in tropicalcountries and used for biodiesel production. Morphophysiological traits were analyzed to assess the genetic diversity in nine genotypes of J. curcas under deficit water. Seeds of plants from different populations, collected in diferente brazilian regions, were grown under two water regimes (100% and 50% tank capacity). Multivariate analysis was used to characterize genetic diversity. The UPGMA dendrogram built from the genetic distance group indicated the segregation of genotypes into five groups for growth traits and six groups for physiological traits. Then, an principal components analysis was carried out, to evaluate the pattern of character variations and then segregate the characteristics that could distinguish parental genotypes for use in plant breeding. Results showed 65.50% and 56.02% for the two first principal components of growth and physiological traits, respectively. Total root area was the most determining trait for genetic dissimilarity (18.9%) and group formation, followed by plant height (17.9%) and number of leaves (17.6%). On the other hand, stomatal conductance (gs) (24.9%) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) (20.9%) were the most determining physiological traits. The analysis of morphophysiological traits indicated CNPAE-298 and 299 as the most distant genotypes among the plant groups. Under water-limited conditions, total root area, plant height, gs and GPX were the most efficient traits to explain genetic dissimilarity among the genotypes, and for this reason they should be referred as a priority for further studies on genotypes selection in this species.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Characters Associations in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Joya ◽  
A. K. M. Shamsuddin ◽  
U. K. Nath
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Effect On Yield

Thirty eight rapeseed genotypes were evaluated to estimate the genetic variability and association among the genotypes, following 8 quantitative characters. A considerable amount of genetic variability were found ranges from 1000 seed weight (11.09g) to harvest index (44.00%) and phenotypic variability for plant height (13.36m) to harvest index (44.14%). High heritability was found for all characters except 1000 seed weight (67.04g). Minimum genetic advance was observed for 1000 seed weight (0.63g) and maximum for plant height (29.72m). The lowest genetic advance in percent of mean was found in 1000 seed weight (18.70g) and highest in harvest index (90.35%). Plant height, raceme length and 1000 seed weight have significant positive association with yield with harvest index. Plant height, raceme length, 1000 seed weight and harvest index have imposed direct positive effect on yield per plant (g). As Plant height, raceme length, 1000 seed weight and harvest index are mainly driven by the additive genes so that selection criteria based on this characters should be effective.Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 29(2): 11-16, 2016

Genetic variability, character association and divergence studies in Jatropha curcas for improvement in oil yield

Trees ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1163-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarnam Singh ◽  
Aruna Prakash ◽  
N. R. Chakraborty ◽  
Candace Wheeler ◽  
P. K. Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Character Association

scholarly journals Leaf sampling to assess mineral nutrient composition of physic nut plants (Jatropha curcas L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1069-1074
Author(s):  
Rosiane de Lourdes Silva de Lima ◽  
◽  
Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Jairo Osvaldo Cazetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Leaf Sampling

scholarly journals Heterosis and gene action in okra

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandan Mehta ◽  
BS Asati ◽  
SR Mamidwar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Forty two hybrids generated by crossing three testers with fourteen lines were studied along with parents for studying heterosis and gene action for days to first flowering, days to 50 percent flowering, fruit weight, fruit length, plant height, number of seeds per fruit, 100-seed weight and fruit yield per plant during rainy season and summer season of 2002-03 at Department of Horticulture, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. The most heterotic combinations were VRO-6 x Parbhani Kranti, VRO-4 x Parbhani Kranti, Daftari-1 x Arka Abhaya and Kaveri Selection x Ankur Abhaya for fruit yield per ptant. The sca variances for days to fruit flower, days to 50 percent flowering, fruit weight, fruit length, plant height, number of seeds per fruit and 100-seed weight were higher than so gca variance so there is a preponderance of non-additive gene action. The gca variances was greater than sca variances for fruit yield per plant indicating preponderance of additive gene action for this trait. Overall, the results discussed above are quite indicative of the fact that hybrid okra has great potentialities of maximizing fruit yield in Chhattisgarh plains.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v32i3.544Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 32(3) : 421-432, September 2007

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