Characterization of Biochars Derived from Different Organic Wastes

Biochar is widely recognized as an efficient tool for soil fertility and carbon sequestration. The understanding of its physical and chemical properties is strongly related to the type of used material, is crucial to identify the most suitable application of biochar in soil. A selection of organic wastes (e.g., rice straw, rice husk and saw dust) with different characteristics were pyrolyzed at 350 0C in order to optimize the physical and chemical properties of biochar as a soil amendment. Bulk density of biochar samples in this study varied from 0.18 mg/m3 to 0.22 mg/m3. Moisture content was in the order of saw dust (8.41%) > rice straw (7.21%) > rice husk (6.74%). Rice straw biochar had highest pH (8.80) and electrical conductivity, EC (3.45 ds/m). The organic carbon was highest in rice straw biochar (46.50%) followed by with rice husk (39.3%) and saw dust (25.3%). The total nitrogen contents of the rice straw, rice husk and saw dust were 1.78%, 1.59% and 1.11%, respectively. The rice straw biochar contents higher available P, as compared to rice husk and saw dust biochar. The rice straw biochar had higher exchangeable Ca (5.60 meq/100 g), Mg (1.70 meq/100 g). This study suggested that the rice straw biochar has a great potential as soil amendment among the three biochars for sustainable soil management.

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Physical and chemical properties of cement with nano black rice husk ash

10.1063/1.5124654 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya ◽

Mohd Ibrahim Mohd Yusak ◽

Mohd Rosli Hainin ◽

Nordiana Mashros ◽

Muhammad Naqiuddin Mohd Warid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Rice Husk Ash ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Black Rice ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

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Physical and chemical properties of particleboard made of rice straw and plastic waste

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1460/1/012146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1460 ◽

pp. 012146

Author(s):

N Fitri ◽

Mursal ◽

I Ismail

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

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Organic Soil Amendment and Tillage Affect Soil Quality and Plant Performance in Simulated Residential Landscapes

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.45.10.1522 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 1522-1528 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Shawna Loper ◽

Amy L. Shober ◽

Christine Wiese ◽

Geoffrey C. Denny ◽

Craig D. Stanley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Organic Soil ◽

Dairy Manure ◽

Ornamental Plant ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Residential Landscapes ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

The urban soil environment is usually not conducive to healthy root growth and function, leading to problems with plant establishment, growth, and aesthetic quality. The objective of this study was to determine if the addition of compost with or without the application of shallow tillage or aeration will improve soil physical and chemical properties and plant growth compared with an unamended control in simulated new residential landscapes. Twenty-four mixed landscape plots were established in a randomized complete block design to simulate new residential landscapes. Each plot was constructed using 10 cm of subsoil fill material over a compacted field soil and planted with Stenotaphrum secundatum and mixed ornamental plant species. Composted dairy manure solids were applied as an organic soil amendment at a depth of 5 cm (≈256 Mg·ha−1) in combination with two mechanical soil treatments (tillage to 15 cm and plug aeration) for a total of five soil management treatments plus an untreated control. Soil physical and chemical properties, plant growth, and quality and plant tissue nutrient concentrations were assessed periodically to determine the effect of soil treatment on soil and plant quality. Applications of compost to soils significantly reduced soil bulk density and pH and increased soil organic matter, electrical conductivity, and Mehlich-1 phosphorus and potassium concentrations. All ornamental plant species, with the exception of Raphiolepis indica (L.) Lindl. ex Ker Gawl., exhibited more growth when grown in soils amended with composted dairy manure solids. In most instances, plant tissue nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were higher for plants grown in soils receiving compost. Results of our study suggested that the addition of composted dairy manure solids to soils can improve soil properties and enhance plant growth in residential landscapes when sandy fill soils are used. In contrast, shallow tillage and aeration had little effect on soil properties or plant growth.

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Isolation of lignin by organosolv process from different varieties of rice husk: Understanding their physical and chemical properties

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.042 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 221 ◽

pp. 310-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Sandip K. Singh ◽

Paresh L. Dhepe

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

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Production of lettuce seedlings in substrates with tung compost, carbonized rice husk and earthworm humus

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620170204 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 174-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maristela Watthier ◽

Magnólia AS Silva ◽

José E Schwengber ◽

Maria H Fermino ◽

Tiago V Custódio

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Dry Density ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Shoot Mass ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACT Different properties of substrates based on tung compost (TC), carbonized rice husk (CRH) and earthworm humus (H) were analyzed, besides the effect of the formulations on the production of lettuce seedlings, cv. Veneranda. The experiment was carried out in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, from December 2012 to February 2013, in a greenhouse, using completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replications. The used substrates were formulated on a volume basis: T1= commercial substrate S10® (control); T2= 90% carbonized rice husk (CRH) + 10% humus (H); T3= 75% CRH + 15% tung compost (TC) + 10% H; T4= 55% CRH + 35% TC + 10% H; T5= 35% CRH + 55% TC + 10% H; T6= 15% CRH + 75% TC + 10% H; T7= 90% TC + 10% H. Seedlings were produced in polystyrene trays with 200 cells, being evaluated 35 days after sowing. The substrate with larger proportion of CRH (T2 with 90% CRH) showed suitable dry density (DD) and total porosity (TP), high pH and aeration space (AS), low easily available water (EAW), electric conductivity (EC), and nutrient content, constituting an inert substrate, not being indicated as substrate due to the lower development of the seedlings. Using 15% TC, an increase was noticed in DD, AEW, EC and nutrients and, a decrease in TP, AS and pH due to, mainly, the size of tung compost particles, which accommodated themselves and altered physical and chemical properties of the substrates. Substrates with 90% and 75% TC (T7 and T6) provided the greatest shoot length, fresh and dry shoot mass and leaf area for lettuce seedlings due to higher nutrient content, also considering physical and chemical properties of these substrates. Pure CRH is not indicated to be used as substrate, but mixed with tung compost (T6), it provides high quality seedlings. Tung compost was effective in producing lettuce seedlings, since the composting is able to eliminate phytotoxic substances from this material which can hinder the seedling growth.

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