Bilateral Hydronephrosis with Grade 3 To 4 Vesicoureteral Reflux

Introduction: Bilateral hydronephrosis is the enlargement of the parts of the kidney that collect urine. Bilateral means both sides. Bilateral hydronephrosis occurs when urine is unable to drain from the kidney into the bladder. Hydronephrosis is not itself a disease. It occurs as a result of a problem that prevents urine from draining out of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. VUR grade 3 is similar to grade 2 where urine travels up the ureter and enters the part of the kidney where urine is collected before it drains to the ureter (renal pelvis). However, in grade 3 the ureters and renal pelvis appear abnormal in size or shape. Case Presentation: A 3 Years old female child is a known case of bilateral vesicoureteric reflex with bilateral hydroureteronephrosis with the developmental delay with sickle cell anemia came to the hospital for further management. As narrated by mother-child was apparently alright till 6 months of age after the child developed excessive passing of urine and in increased more times. Conclusion: After taking treatment for the bilateral vesicoureteric reflex with bilateral hydroureteronephrosis patient was hemodynamically stable hence the patient is being discharged.

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Multi-focal Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile osteomyelitis in a patient with sickle cell anemia: case presentation and literature review

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease ◽

10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.114915 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 114915 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq ◽

Mohamed M. Babiker

Keyword(s):

Clostridium Difficile ◽

Literature Review ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Sickle Cell Anemia ◽

Case Presentation

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Congenital bilateral hydronephrosis diagnosed before birth, associated with vesicoureteral reflux, highlighted by urinary tract infection at the he age of 2 months - case presentation

ARS Medica Tomitana ◽

10.2478/arsm-2013-0007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 39-45

Author(s):

Anca Gabriela Bădescu ◽

C. Tica ◽

Larisia Mihai

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽

Renal Pelvis ◽

Kidney Development ◽

Urine Analysis ◽

Voiding Cystourethrography ◽

Fetal Ultrasonography ◽

Bilateral Hydronephrosis

Abstract Vesicoureteral reflux is characterized by the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the kidneys. Vesicoureteral reflux may be associated with urinary tract infection, hydronephrosis, and abnormal kidney development (renal dysplasia). Hydronephrosis - literally “water inside the kidney” - refers to distension and dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces, usually caused by obstruction of the free flow of urine from the kidney. Untreated, it leads to progressive atrophy of the kidney. In cases of hydroureteronephrosis, there is distention of both the ureter and the renal pelvis and ureteres. However, in the current era, hydronephrosis that is evident on fetal ultrasonography often heralds a ureteral abnormality. Hydronephrosis is defined as dilatation of the renal pelvis and/or calyces. Vesicoureteral reflux may present before birth as prenatal hydronephrosis, an abnormal widening of the ureter or with a urinary tract infection or acute pyelonephritis. The authors present a case of bilateral VUR of IVth grade associated with congenital hydronephrosis of IIIrd grade, diagnosed before birth with bilateral hydronephrosis, and taken into evidence at 2 months when he was first diagnosed with urinary tract infection. Positive diagnosis was facilitated by laboratory investigations (urine analysis, urine culture, voiding cystourethrography, static renal scintigraphy).

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Using cyproterone acetate to treat recurrent ischemic priapism in a patient with sickle cell anemia as a comorbidity: a case report

Journal of Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s13256-020-02527-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ali Alshahrani

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell ◽

Sickle Cell Anemia ◽

Cyproterone Acetate ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Successful Management ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Ischemic Priapism ◽

Preventative Strategy ◽

History Of ◽

Contemporary Practice

Abstract Introduction The management of recurrent ischemic priapism is unclear in contemporary practice. Yet, if left untreated, the condition may evolve into an acute ischemic priapism and in some cases result in erectile dysfunction. This report documents the results of successful management of recurrent ischemic priapism using cyproterone acetate in a 30-year-old Saudi man with sickle cell anemia as a comorbidity. Case presentation A 30-year-old Saudi man denoted visited the emergency room with a painful erection which had lasted for more than four hours. The patient has sickle cell anemia and a family history of sickle cell disease. He is married and has two children. His first priapism case occurred when he was 7 years old. At the age of 15, the condition recurred, and the patient’s doctor prescribed cyproterone acetate 50 mg twice daily for 5 days. The doctor had told him that whenever he was experiencing priapism, he should adhere to this regimen for 5 days. The doctor could not find any guidelines for the prescription of cyproterone acetate. Conclusion Priapism cases represent a significant challenge in therapeutic management because of the elevated risk of structural damage to the penis. The fact that there lacks a clinically approved standard approach to managing the condition make it difficult for physicians to effectively manage the condition. Management of the condition is further complicated by existence of comorbidities such as sickle cell anemia. This patient’s case demonstrates that cyproterone acetate prescription is a great preventative strategy that limits priapism recurrences.

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Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with e1a3 BCR-ABL1 transcript in a Nigerian with sickle cell anemia: a case report

Journal of Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s13256-021-03060-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ibrahim O. Ahmed ◽

Lauretta O. Ochogwu ◽

Temilola O. Owojuyigbe ◽

Norah O. Akinola ◽

Muheez A. Durosinmi

Keyword(s):

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Sickle Cell Anemia ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Philadelphia Chromosome ◽

Full Blood Count ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

The Common

Abstract Background The occurrence of acute leukemia in patients with sickle cell anemia is uncommon. The Philadelphia chromosome is the hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia. However, it may also be associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloblastic leukemia. The common BCR-ABL1 transcripts seen in acute lymphoblastic leukemia are e1a2, e13a2, and e14a2, while other transcripts such as e1a3, e13a3, and e6a2 occur rarely. This report describes the presentation, management, and outcome of the occurrence of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the rare e1a3 BCR-ABL1 transcript in a patient with sickle cell anemia. Case presentation A 19-year-old male Nigerian, a known sickle cell anemia patient was admitted on account of severe vaso-occlusive crisis. Examination revealed fever, palor, and jaundice. Full blood count showed anemia and leukocytosis. Peripheral blood and bone marrow smears revealed numerous large and small lymphoblasts in keeping with the L2 subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia based on the French–American–British classification. Further evaluation was in keeping with a diagnosis of BCR-ABL1-positive mature B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with the rare e1a3 transcript. He was commenced simultaneously on induction chemotherapy and Imatinib while being prepared for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. However, he died six months after diagnosis from meningoencephalitis. Conclusion The occurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a rare BCR-ABL1 e1a3 transcript in association with sickle cell anemia is uncommon and associated with poor prognosis.

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The orientation of sickle hemoglobin fibers within fascicles

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100104066 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 400-401

Author(s):

Christopher A. Miller ◽

Bridget Carragher ◽

William A. McDade ◽

Robert Josephs

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell ◽

Sickle Cell Anemia ◽

Relative Orientation ◽

Unit Cell ◽

Red Cell ◽

High Ph ◽

Sickle Hemoglobin ◽

Polar Crystal ◽

Helical Configuration

Highly ordered bundles of deoxyhemoglobin S (HbS) fibers, termed fascicles, are intermediates in the high pH crystallization pathway of HbS. These fibers consist of 7 Wishner-Love double strands in a helical configuration. Since each double strand has a polarity, the odd number of double strands in the fiber imparts a net polarity to the structure. HbS crystals have a unit cell containing two double strands, one of each polarity, resulting in a net polarity of zero. Therefore a rearrangement of the double strands must occur to form a non-polar crystal from the polar fibers. To determine the role of fascicles as an intermediate in the crystallization pathway it is important to understand the relative orientation of fibers within fascicles. Furthermore, an understanding of fascicle structure may have implications for the design of potential sickling inhibitors, since it is bundles of fibers which cause the red cell distortion responsible for the vaso-occlusive complications characteristic of sickle cell anemia.

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