scholarly journals Study of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials and Some Heavy Metals from Intake of Some Nuts and Seeds in South-Western, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Augustine Kolapo Ademola ◽  
Ruth Omoseeke Morakinyo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Hazard Indices ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Mean

The concentration of NORMs and some toxic heavy metals in some nuts and seeds commonly consumed in the south-western states of Nigeria were investigated. The analysis was done with NaI(TI) spectrometry and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) respectively. The concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in the samples was found to be below the world average. The mean values are 6.6±1.8, 3.6±1.0 and 98.2±13.5 Bq/kg, in nuts and 8.4±2.6, 2.6±1.3 and 97.6±15.0 Bq/kg in seeds respectively. The effective dose in nuts was calculated to be 13.99 and 12.0 µSv in seeds. The fatal and hereditary cancer risk estimated from the consumption of the nuts and seeds are lower than 1.0 x 10-6 which is the lowest limit. Concentration of metals in the samples descend as Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr. The Hazard Indices of heavy metals are lower than 1 except for in Cocoa which is higher than 1 due to the high concentration of Cu and Fe. Therefore, the nuts and seeds analyzed in this study are contaminated with Cu and Fe and so must be taken with care so that consumers will not be exposed to excessive concentration of these metals which may have undesirable effects.

EXHALATION OF RADON FROM NATURALLY OCCURRING RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS (NORM) IN NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-465
Author(s):  
Isata Esther Sesay ◽  
Monday Paul ◽  
Janet Ayobami Ademola
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
White Marble ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials ◽  
Radon Monitor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Accumulation Method

Abstract Radon-222 mass exhalation rate, EM, and surface exhalation rate, EA, have been determined for some building materials and fertilizers in Nigeria by accumulation method using AlphaGUARD radon monitor. The building materials include granite, cement, tile, white marble, brick, concrete and sand. The mean EM of the building materials varied from 0.06 ± 0.03 for white marble to 0.23 ± 0.15 Bq kg−1 h−1 for brick. The mean EA ranged between 1.06 ± 0.56 Bq kg−1 h−1 and 3.15 ± 1.52 Bq m−2 h−1 for white marble and brick, respectively. Most of the EM and EA of the building materials were higher than those of other countries. For the fertilizers, the EM and EA ranged from 0.13 ± 0.01 to 0.42 ± 0.03 Bq kg−1 h−1 and 2.11 ± 0.56 to 4.81 ± 1.24 Bq m−2 h−1 with mean values of 0.25 ± 0.07 Bq kg−1 h−1 and 3.24 ± 0.93 Bq m−2 h−1, respectively. The radon mass and surface exhalation rates of the fertilizers were higher than those of the building materials.

Determination of Heavy Metals in Fruits of Capsicum Annuum L. by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 486 ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Chutima Limmatvapirat ◽  
Thawatchai Phaechamud ◽  
Juree Charoenteeraboon
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Red Pepper ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Nitric Acid Digestion ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Capsicum annuum L. belonging to the family Solanaceae is a popular spice in Thailand. The mature fruits (long red pepper) are composed of carotenoid, capsaicinoid and ascorbic acid exhibiting physiological and pharmacological properties. Because of environmental pollution, these fruits might be contaminated with toxic heavy metals. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of eleven heavy metals in long red pepper using nitric acid digestion followed by ICP-MS analysis. Thirteen samples of fresh fruits were collected from nine provinces located in the west of Thailand. The concentrations of toxic heavy metals including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) in all samples were lower than the permissible limits (4, 0.3, 0.02, and 10 mg/kg, respectively) while the concentrations of essential elements including copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were less than the permissible limits (20 and 100 mg/kg, respectively). The highest concentrations of aluminium (Al), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni) found were 36.813, 0.345, 44.464, 32.172, and 1.623 mg/kg, respectively. The method adopted in this study could be valuable in quality control of edible spices for Thai people.

Determination of Heavy Metal Ions (As, Pb, Cd) and Zinc Mineral (Zn) in Humans and Cows Milk in Bitlis (Turkey)

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 962-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Aysal ◽  
Nurhayat Atasoy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
Accredited Laboratory

Human�s milk and cow�s milk fed-infants, long before the mother is exposed heavy metals are potentially dangerous for both mother and baby. Concentrations of toxic heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As) and major nutritional trace element (Zn) which collected center Bitlis, Tatvan and various villages in the 75 volunteer nursing mothers received 6 months after the birth human�s milks and 75 cow milks were analyzed. This study was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer. Work was measured in accredited laboratory. In the samples As and Cd were under detectable leves although Zn and Pb were measured. Survey conducted, Zn and Pb levels in the mother milk which collected Tatvan borough were determined the highest. The all metal levels in the mother milk and cow milk which collected Bitlis center higher than villages. Zn levels in the cow milks which collected Bitlis center the highest. As a results of analysis, the avarege values of the lead in the human milks respectively (Bitlis center, Tatvan borough and villages) were found 0.0003�0.00004 mg/kg, 0.00045�0.000052 mg/kg, 0.0002�0.00003 mg/kg; the avarege values of the zinc 3.2�0.64 mg/kg, 3.34�0.57 mg/kg, 2.5�0.37 mg/kg. The avarege values of the lead in the cow milks respectively (Bitlis center, Tatvan borough and villages) were found 0.002�0.0004 mg/kg, 0.003�0.0004 mg/kg, 0.001�0.0003 mg/kg; the avarege values of the zinc 3.7�0.51 mg/kg, 3.6�0.49 mg/kg, 3.0�0.41 mg/kg. As a results of analysis between groups weren�t found significant relationship (P]0.05).

Determination of Heavy Metals in Water System of Beijing Urban Area and a Countermeasure to Remove them

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 579-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Ru Liu ◽  
Hong Hong Yang ◽  
Nan Hua Liu ◽  
Jin Mei Nie ◽  
Cheng Min Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Water System ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled

In this study, water samples were collected randomly from water system of Beijing urban area and analysed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) method to determine the contents of harmful heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Sb, As and Pb). The concentrations of detected heavy metals were found between detection limit of the instrument to 387.196 mg/L. Among them, one sample gave a very high concentration of copper element. In order to get rid of this copper ion away, a chelating type fiber was used to treat the water sample. After treatment with chelating fiber, the concentration of copper was lowered to <10-5mg/L.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Several Soybean Varieties Cultivated in the Transylvanian Plain, Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Rajmund MICHALSKI ◽  
Marcel M. DUDA ◽  
Paula N. ȘERDEAN ◽  
Joanna KERNERT ◽  
Katarzyna GRYGOYC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Soybean Genotype ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Cultivated Soybean

Soybeans are species of legume that has become one of the most widely consumed food in the world, because they are easy to cultivate and very beneficial for human health. The quality of the cultivated plants, including the content of toxic heavy metals depends to a large extent on the contaminants present in the soils in which they are grown and the method of fertilization. Through this research we aim to highlight the degree of accumulation of cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, nickel, lead and zinc in relation with the cultivated soybean genotype and fertilization. Three soy varieties (Cristina, Felix and Onix) were cultivated in an experimental field located at Cojocna Experimental Didactic Center of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca. The above-mentioned heavy metals were determined from the harvested mature soybean seeds using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, using an Avio 200 instrument. The obtained results demonstrated that the accumulation of heavy metals in soybean seeds is influenced by the cultivated genotype and fertilization; the Onix variety is more prone to the accumulation of heavy metals, while the highest values of the above listed metals were recorded in the case of fertilizing with „Fertitel”.

scholarly journals Determination of selected heavy metals in airborne particles in industrial area: A baseline study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
Azman Azid ◽  
Siti Noor Syuhada Muhammad Amin ◽  
Saiful Iskandar Khalit ◽  
Salwani Ismail ◽  
Mohd Saiful Samsudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

This study focuses on airborne heavy metal pollution in the industrial area. Eight points from Paka and Gebeng Industrial Area respectively were selected for this study within two monsoon seasons. The samples were analysed for heavy metals (Cd, As, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn) by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the mean concentration value of As, Pb and Cd for Paka were 5.0 ng/L ± 1.0, 107.0 ng/L ± 88.2, and 10.0 ng/L ± 7.5, respectively and Gebeng were 3.5 ng/L ± 1.5, 69.3 ng/L ± 59.3 and 5.1 ng/L ± 3.8, respectively in the southwest monsoon - much higher than the target value by European Commission in Directive 2004/107/EC and Directive 2008/50/EC. It could be concluded that the industrial and transportation emission were the major source of heavy metals in the atmosphere along the Paka and Gebeng Industrial Area. 

scholarly journals Heavy metals in indoor settled dusts in Toronto, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al Hejami
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Total concentrations of nine potentially toxic heavy metals (Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in indoor settled dusts from houses, offices, classrooms, and laboratories in Greater Toronto Area, Canada were determined. Mercury concentrations were determined using cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (CVAFS), whereas the concentrations of eight other metals were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The results showed that the highest level of heavy metals was in the laboratory dusts. Metal concentrations (except those for Mn and Zn) in household, office, and classroom dusts were comparable. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn concentrations in the laboratory dusts and Cu and Zn concentrations in household, office, and classroom dusts exceeded the Canadian Soil Guideline. Metal concentrations in the indoor dusts found in this study were, in general, consistent with those reported in literature. Among the metals studied, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn showed the greatest enrichment in the indoor environments relative to their crustal abundances.

scholarly journals Testing heavy metals biomonitoring through birds of prey as top predators

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Cumbo ◽  
Francesco Galluzzo ◽  
Gaetano Cammilleri ◽  
Antonio Vella ◽  
Andrea Macaluso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Top Predators ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Level

The Experimental Zooprophyilactic Institute of Sicily has great opportunities and validated methods (accreditated by the national control unit ACCREDIA) for biodiversity monitoring and analysis of fauna samples. The fauna recovery centers of Bosco di Ficuzza (Palermo) and Colli San Rizzo (Messina) routinely send dead specimens to the Institute to perform every category of analysis for both medical and veterinary purpose. Measuring heavy metals concentrations in top predators is a strong indicator for territory and biodiversity health monitoring to take management and conservation actions for natural systems. In this study, two specimens of the Common buzzard (Buteo buteo L., Accipitridae) were investigated for Cd, Fe and Pb content by an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. Results show that in one sample only Pb levels exceed cut-off values in organs like the liver, kidney and muscle with a concentration of 0,005 mg/Kg. This is probably a cause of prey ingestion killed by lead pellets. In the other sample the only high level was for Fe with a concentration of 0,386 mg/Kg. According to literature (Scheuhammer 1987), Pb present in plumage is probably a reflection of external pollution and it not depends on diet, while its high concentration in internal organs is directly related to ingestion of lead pellets during consumption of preys killed by them.

scholarly journals Heavy metals in indoor settled dusts in Toronto, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al Hejami
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Total concentrations of nine potentially toxic heavy metals (Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in indoor settled dusts from houses, offices, classrooms, and laboratories in Greater Toronto Area, Canada were determined. Mercury concentrations were determined using cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (CVAFS), whereas the concentrations of eight other metals were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The results showed that the highest level of heavy metals was in the laboratory dusts. Metal concentrations (except those for Mn and Zn) in household, office, and classroom dusts were comparable. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn concentrations in the laboratory dusts and Cu and Zn concentrations in household, office, and classroom dusts exceeded the Canadian Soil Guideline. Metal concentrations in the indoor dusts found in this study were, in general, consistent with those reported in literature. Among the metals studied, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn showed the greatest enrichment in the indoor environments relative to their crustal abundances.

scholarly journals Association of Typical Toxic Heavy Metals with Schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahui Ma ◽  
Lailai Yan ◽  
Tongjun Guo ◽  
Siyu Yang ◽  
Chen Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Toxic heavy metals (THMs) are contaminants commonly found in the environment. Although a large number of studies have demonstrated their damage to the biological functions of the human being, their potential associations with the risk of developing schizophrenia remain controversial. In this study, we investigated the associations between four THMs (chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As)) in serum and the risk of schizophrenia. In total, 95 patients with schizophrenia (cases) and 95 normal subjects (controls) were recruited from Hebei Province, China. The serum concentrations of the 4 THMs were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A higher concentration of Pb was found significantly associated with an elevated risk of schizophrenia (OR = 3.146; 95%CI: 1.238–7.994, p = 0.016), while significant association for the other three THMs were not observed. Besides, significant correlations were found between the metabolic biomarkers and the concentrations of Pb and As, respectively. In order to further characterize the association between these THMs and schizophrenia with greater statistical power, we conducted meta-analysis by including 538 cases and 1040 controls from the current study and 5 available datasets published from 2002 to 2018. Using a random-effect model, Cr was significantly associated with schizophrenia (SMD = 0.3246; 95%CI: 0.0166–0.6326, p < 0.01). Overall, this study suggested that higher levels of Pb and Cr may be one of the factors associated with an elevated risk of schizophrenia.

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