scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Dry Reforming of Glycerol for Hydrogen Production using Ni/ZrO2 and Ni/CaO as Catalysts

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Nabillah Mohd Arif ◽  
Dai-Viet N. Vo ◽  
Mohammad Tazli Azizan ◽  
Sumaiya Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Promising Source

<p>Glycerol, byproduct from the biodiesel production can be effectively utilized as the promising source of synthesis gas (syngas) through a dry reforming reaction. Combination of these waste materials with greenhouse gases which is carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) will help to reduce environmental problem such as global warming. This dry reforming reaction has been carried out in a fixed bed batch reactor at 700 °C under the atmospheric pressure for 3 hours. In this experiment, reforming reaction was carried out using Nickel (Ni) as based catalyst and supported with zirconium (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) and calcium (CaO) oxides. The catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation method and characterized using Bruanaer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermo Gravimetric (TGA), and Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR) analysis. Reaction studies show that 15% Ni/CaO give the highest hydrogen yield and glycerol conversion that peaked at 24.59% and 30.32%, respectively. This result is verified by XRD analysis where this catalyst shows low crystallinity and fine dispersion of Ni species resulted in high specific surface area which gives 44.93 m<sup>2</sup>/g that is validated by BET.  Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved</p><p><em>Received: 21<sup>st</sup> January 2016; Revised: 24<sup>th</sup> February 2016; Accepted: 29<sup>th</sup> February 2016</em></p><p><strong>How to Cite:</strong> Arif, N.M.M., Vo, D.V.N., Azizan,M.T., Abidin S.Z. (2016). Carbon Dioxide Dry Reforming of Glycerol for Hydrogen Production using Ni/ZrO<sub>2</sub> and Ni/CaO as Catalysts. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis, 11 (2): 200-209 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.2.551.200-209)</p><p><strong>Permalink/DOI:</strong> http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.2.551.200-209</p>

scholarly journals Characterization of Ag-promoted Ni/SiO2 Catalysts for Syngas Production via Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Dry Reforming of Glycerol

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazimah Harun ◽  
Jolius Gimbun ◽  
Mohammad Tazli Azizan ◽  
Sumaiya Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Tubular Reactor ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Syngas Production

<p>The carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) dry reforming of glycerol for syngas production is one of the promising ways to benefit the oversupply crisis of glycerol worldwide. It is an attractive process as it converts carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas into a synthesis gas and simultaneously removed from the carbon biosphere cycle. In this study, the glycerol dry reforming was carried out using Silver (Ag) promoted Nickel (Ni) based catalysts supported on silicon oxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) i.e. Ag-Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub>. The catalysts were prepared through wet impregnation method and characterized by using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Thermo Gravimetric (TGA) analysis. The experiment was conducted in a tubular reactor which condition fixed at 973 K and CO<sub>2</sub>:glycerol molar ratio of 1, under atmospheric pressure. It was found that the main gaseous products are H₂, CO and CH<sub>4</sub> with H₂:CO molar ratio &lt; 1.0. From the reaction study, Ag(5)-Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub> results in highest glycerol conversion and hydrogen yield, accounted for 32.6% and 27.4%, respectively. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved</p><p><em>Received: 22<sup>nd</sup> January 2016; Revised: 22<sup>nd</sup> February 2016; Accepted: 23<sup>rd</sup> February 2016</em></p><strong>How to Cite</strong>: Harun, N., Gimbun, J., Azizan, M.T., Abidin S.Z. (2016). Characterization of Ag-promoted Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub> Catalysts for Syngas Production via Carbon Dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) Dry Reforming of Glycerol. <em>Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis</em>, 11 (2): 220-229 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.2.553.220-229)<p><strong>Permalink/DOI:</strong> http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.2.553.220-229</p>

scholarly journals Hydrogen Production by Partial Oxidation Reforming of Methane over Ni Catalysts Supported on High and Low Surface Area Alumina and Zirconia

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Fakeeha ◽  
Ahmed A. Ibrahim ◽  
Hesham Aljuraywi ◽  
Yazeed Alqahtani ◽  
Ahmad Alkhodair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
H2 Yield ◽  
Partial Oxidation Reforming

The catalytic activity of the partial oxidation reforming reaction for hydrogen production over 10% Ni supported on high and low surface area alumina and zirconia was investigated. The reforming reactions, under atmospheric pressure, were performed with a feed molar ratio of CH4/O2 = 2.0. The reaction temperature was set to 450–650 °C. The catalytic activity, stability, and carbon formation were determined via TGA, TPO, Raman, and H2 yield. The catalysts were calcined at 600 and 800 °C. The catalysts were prepared via the wet-impregnation method. Various characterizations were conducted using BET, XRD, TPR, TGA, TPD, TPO, and Raman. The highest methane conversion (90%) and hydrogen yield (72%) were obtained at a 650 °C reaction temperature using Ni-Al-H-600, which also showed the highest stability for the ranges of the reaction temperatures investigated. Indeed, the time-on-stream for 7 h of the Ni-Al-H-600 catalyst displayed high activity and a stable profile when the reaction temperature was set to 650 °C.

Hydrogen production by steam reforming of glycerol over Ni/Ce/Cu hydroxyapatite-supported catalysts

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukman Hakim ◽  
Zahira Yaakob ◽  
Manal Ismail ◽  
Wan Daud ◽  
Ratna Sari
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Supported Catalyst ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Glycerol Conversion

AbstractHydroxyapatite-supported Ni-Ce-Cu catalysts were synthesised and tested to study their potential for use in the steam reforming of glycerol to produce hydrogen. The catalysts were prepared by the deposition-precipitation method with variable nickel, cerium, and copper loadings. The performance of the catalysts was evaluated in terms of hydrogen yield at 600°C in a tubular fixed-bed microreactor. All catalysts were characterised by the BET surface area, XRD, TPR, TEM, and FE-SEM techniques. The reaction time was 240 min in a fixed-bed reactor at 600°C and atmospheric pressure with a water-to-glycerol feed molar ratio of 8: 1. It was found that the Ni-Ce-Cu (3 mass %-7.5 mass %-7.5 mass %) hydroxyapatite-supported catalyst afforded the highest hydrogen yield (57.5 %), with a glycerol conversion rate of 97.3 %. The results indicate that Ni/Ce/Cu/hydroxyapatite has great potential as a catalyst for hydrogen production by steam reforming of glycerol.

Activity of Copper and Nickel Loaded on HZSM-5Zeolite Based Catalyst for Steam Reforming of Glycerol to Hydrogen

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 504-509
Author(s):  
Hafizah Abdul Halim Yun ◽  
Ramli Mat ◽  
Tuan Amran Tuan Abdullah ◽  
Mahadhir Mohamed ◽  
Anwar Johariand Asmadi Ali
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Glycerol Conversion

The study focuses on hydrogen production via glycerol steam reforming over copper and nickel loaded on HZSM-5 zeolite based catalyst. The catalysts were prepared by using different loading amount of copper (0-10wt%) and nickel (0-10wt%) on HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts through wet impregnation method and was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The performances of catalysts were evaluated in terms of glycerol conversion and hydrogen production at 500°C using 6:1 of water to glycerol molar ratio (WGMR) in a tubular fixed bed reactor. All the catalysts had achieved more than 85% of glycerol conversion except that of 5%Cu loaded on HZSM-5 catalyst. The addition of nickel into 5% Cu/HZSM-5 catalyst had increased the hydrogen yield. Similar trend was observed when copper was added into Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst but using copper loaded on HZSM-5 alone was unable to produce hydrogen compared to using nickel catalyst alone. It showed that copper acted as a promoter for hydrogen production. It was established that a 5wt% of Cu with 10wt% of Ni loaded on HZSM-5 catalyst showed significant improvement in terms of hydrogen yield and gaseous product compositions at selected operating conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of impurity on thermally self-sustained double reactor coupling hydrogen production from glycerol reforming and methanol production from carbon dioxide and hydrogen

2020 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Sasinun Thirabunjongcharoen ◽  
Pattaraporn Kim-Lohsoontorn
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Methanol Synthesis ◽  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Feed Stream ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Methanol Production ◽  
Glycerol Reforming

Thermally self-sustained double reactor (TSSDR) operating without external heat source consists of dual channels for endothermic and exothermic reactions. Hydrogen (H2) is produced from wasted glycerol by aqueous-phase glycerol reforming (APGR) at 200-250 ºC and 20-25 bar while carbon dioxide (CO2) is a by-product. Produced H2 and CO2 are used as raw materials for methanol synthesis (MS) at 200-250 ºC and 50-80 bar. Methanol synthesis and glycerol reforming occur at inner and outer channels of TSSDR, respectively. The TSSDR is fully packed with catalyst. Generated heat of exothermic reaction is sufficient for endothermic reaction. Main products of glycerol reforming in gas phase are H2 and CO2 while CO and CH4 are by-products. All products in gas phase are totally recycled as a feed stream for exothermic channel. CO and CH4 in feed reduce CO2 conversion and methanol yield in MS. The effect of impurities in glycerol feed stream also influences with hydrogen production in APGR. Especially, methanol, which is an impurity in glycerol feed obtained from biodiesel production, significantly reduces glycerol conversion in TSSDR.

Nickel-Hydroxyapatite as Biomaterial Catalysts for Hydrogen Production via Glycerol Steam Reforming

2010 ◽  
Vol 447-448 ◽  
pp. 770-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakim Lukman ◽  
Zahira Yaakob ◽  
Ismail Manal ◽  
Wan Ramli Wan Daud
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method

Nickel-hydroxyapatite as biomaterial catalysts exhibited high activity and selectivity in glycerol steam reforming. The catalytic steam reforming of glycerol (C3H8O3) for the production of hydrogen is carried out over nickel supported on hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] catalyst at 600 oC with atmospheric pressure and 120 minute time reaction. The catalysts were prepared by mean of wet impregnation method and varied nickel loadings (3, 6, 12 %) on hydroxyapatite. It is found that the 3% wt% Ni/HAP show higher hydrogen production rate over the other nickel loadings on hydroxyapatite, which is correlated with Ni/HAP catalyst surface area measured by BET adsorbtion and morphology of catalysts. Glycerol steam reforming with water-to-glycerol feed ratio 8/1 much more hydrogen production (77-82%) compared feed ratio 4/1. The catalysts were characterised by BET surface area and SEM-EDX techniques.

scholarly journals Effect of CO2 partial pressure on dry reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Fahim Fayaz ◽  
Ahmad Ziad Sulaiman ◽  
Sharanjit Singh ◽  
Sweeta Akbari
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Co2 Partial Pressure ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst

The effect of CO2 partial pressure on ethanol dry reforming was evaluated over 5%Ce-10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst at = PCO2 = 20-50 kPa, PC2H5OH = 20 kPa, reaction temperature of 973 K under atmospheric pressure. The catalyst was prepared by using impregnation method and tested in a fixed-bed reactor. X-ray diffraction measurements studied the formation of Co3O4, spinel CoAl2O4 and CeO2, phases on surface of 5%Ce-10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst. CeO2, CoO and Co3O4 oxides were obtained during temperature–programmed calcination. Ce-promoted 10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst possessed high BET surface area of 137.35 m2 g-1. C2H5OH and CO2 conversions was improved with increasing CO2 partial pressure from 20-50 kPa whilst the optimal selectivity of H2 and CO was achieved at 50 kPa.

scholarly journals Catalytic Steam Reforming of Glycerol Over Cerium and Palladium-Based Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ebshish ◽  
Zahira Yaakob ◽  
Y. H. Taufiq-Yap ◽  
Ahmed Bshish ◽  
Abdulmajid Shaibani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming ◽  
Total Average

In this work, catalytic steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production was performed over Ce/Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3 catalysts prepared via the impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two sets of catalytic reactions were conducted, one comparing 1% Pd/Al2O3 to 1% Ce/Al2O3 and the second comparing 1% Ce/Al2O3 loading to 10% Ce/Al2O3 loading. All catalytic reactions were performed using a fixed-bed reactor operated at 600 °C and atmospheric pressure. Aglycerol–water mixture at a molar ratio of 1:6 was fed to the reactor at 0.05 ml/min. In the first set of experiments, Pd/Al2O3 exhibited higher hydrogen productivity than Ce/Al2O3. A maximum hydrogen yield of 56% and a maximum selectivity of 78.7% were achieved over the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst. For the second set of experiments, the results show that the reaction conversion increased as the cerium loading increased from 1% to 10%. A total average hydrogen yield of 28.0% and a selectivity of 45.5% were obtained over 1% Ce/Al2O3, while the total average hydrogen yield and selectivity were 42.2% and 52.7%, respectively, for 10% Ce/Al2O3.

Hydrogen Production via Glycerol Reforming over Pt/SiO2 Nanocatalyst in a Spiral-Shaped Microchannel Reactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1059-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azita Ebrahimi Touri ◽  
Majid Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Microchannel Reactor ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Xrd Techniques ◽  
Plate Type

Abstract Platinum supported silica nanocatalyst was synthesized for hydrogen production by steam reforming of glycerol (SRG). The catalyst was prepared by the sol-gel method and characterized using BET, SEM, and XRD techniques. The performance of the catalyst was evaluated in terms of glycerol conversion, hydrogen yield and exit gas selectivity in reaction temperature range 300–400 °C in a plate-type microchannel reactor at atmospheric pressure. According to the experimental results, Pt/SiO2 nanocatalyst was successfully synthesized by sol-gel method. The optimum conditions were obtained with inlet feed flow rate of 3 mL/h and temperature of 400 °C, leading to a low CO selectivity and high H2 yield. The results showed that the Pt nanocatalyst supported on SiO2 had a good performance on the gaseous products and yield of H2.

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