scholarly journals Nursing and solid waste management of health services

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1152-1161
Author(s):  
Ilisdayne Thallita Soares da Silva ◽  
Diego Bonfada ◽  
Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva ◽  
Karla Gardênia Silva Souza

Objetivo: Identificar as concepções dos profissionais de enfermagem no tocante ao gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos em serviços de saúde (RSSS) em um hospital público da cidade de Santa Cruz/RN. Métodos: Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida em 2010 na qual se utilizou para a coleta de dados entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com 17 profissionais de enfermagem. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática de Bardin. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias: manejo inadequado dos RSSS como fator de prejuízos ambientais; e gerenciamento inadequado dos RSSS percebido como risco para a saúde pública, as quais demonstraram que os profissionais de enfermagem parecem conhecer parcialmente o gerenciamento de RSSS, restringindo-o a algumas etapas. Conclusão: Necessita-se de um maior aprofundamento da temática junto à equipe de enfermagem, de forma a prepará-la para lidar com a questão dos RSSS. Descritores: Enfermagem, Resíduos sólidos, Serviços de saúde, Gerenciamento de resíduos.

polemica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-162
Author(s):  
Ismael Fernando Christmann ◽  
Dilani Silveira Bassan

Resumo: O consumo, aliado à industrialização, a cada ano produz muitos tipos de novos produtos e embalagens. Junto a isso, a distribuição e a logística vêm alcançando locais cada vez mais remotos, fazendo com que áreas rurais disponham dos mesmos produtos existentes nas áreas urbanas. A preocupação com esse avanço é a disposição final desse material, ou o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos domésticos nessas áreas. Os custos desse processo podem trazer obstáculos à sua realização. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa objetiva demonstrar algumas dificuldades sobre a gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos, principalmente pela análise da área rural de Santa Cruz do Sul. Identificou-se que o resíduo doméstico rural transportado pelos caminhões não era pesado, apenas registrada a entrada dos caminhões, dificultando o entendimento da eficiência desse atendimento. Assim, uma discrepância pode passar despercebida pelos gestores, pois o município de Santa Cruz do Sul/RS não possui uma área rural muito extensa. Para poder observar esse processo, foram rastreados dados entre os anos de 2007 à 2015, através de pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais. Foi possível verificar que o número de cargas das áreas rurais vem aumentado, sem alteração na população rural como também sem aumento de produção das embalagens. Além disso, os valores cobrados por esse transporte a cada ano se tornam mais caros. Portanto, para ter uma gestão transparente e políticas públicas eficientes, faz-se necessário disponibilizar e analisar os dados e valores sobre a produção de resíduos sólidos de forma clara e objetiva, com a elaboração de um processo que seja eficaz enquanto medida socioambiental.Palavras-chave: Gestão de Resíduos. Resíduo Doméstico Rural. Custo dos Resíduos. Abstract: The consumerism allied to industrialization each year produces many kinds of new products and packaging. Together, the distribution and the logistics are reaching places increasingly remote, so that the rural areas can have the same products that the urban areas do. The concern on this advance is the final disposal of this material or the domestic solid waste management in these areas. The costs of this process can bring some difficulties for the realization of this type of collection. This research was done to demonstrate some difficulties about the integrated solid waste management, mainly through the analysis of the rural area of Santa Cruz do Sul. It was identified that the rural domestic waste transported by trucks was not weighed, only registered the entry of trucks, making it difficult to understand the efficiency of this attendance. Therefore, this discrepancy can go unnoticed by the managers, because the city of Santa Cruz do Sul/RS does not have a very large rural area. To observe these procedures, it tracked data between the years of 2007 to 2015, through bibliographical and documental research. Thus, it was possible to verify that the number of loads from the rural areas is increasing, without an alteration on the rural population, but also without increasing packaging production. In addition, the costs charged for this transportation become more expensive each year. Therefore, in order to have a transparent management and efficient public politics, it is necessary to make available and analyze the data and values about the solid waste production in a clear and objective way, with the elaboration of a process that is effective as a socio-environmental measure.Keywords: Waste Management. Rural Domestic Waste. Waste Cost.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise P. Lozano Lazo ◽  
Alexandros Gasparatos

Municipal solid waste management (MWSM) systems have been evolving across most of the developing world. However, despite decades of refinement, they are still underperforming in many cities, leading to negative sustainability impacts in rapidly urbanizing cities of the global South. Despite similarities in the observed transitions between developed and developing countries, there are important differences in their characteristics and underlying drivers. This study aims to unravel the sustainability transitions of the MSWM systems in the two major cities of Bolivia, La Paz and Santa Cruz de la Sierra, illustrating the role of various actors, and specifically local governments. This is achieved through the analysis of secondary data and expert interviews with stakeholders involved in different aspects of the MSWM system at the national and local level. We identify three partially overlapping sustainability transitions in the two cities, namely “Collection and centralized disposal”, “Environmentally controlled disposal”, and “Integrated solid waste management”. However, timelines, speed and elements of these transitions are somewhat different between cities, largely due to their inherent characteristics, institutions and stakeholder dynamics. Many technological, socioeconomic, and institutional factors converge to facilitate and hinder these transitions, including interactions of government and private sector actors, and the country’s broader political context.


Author(s):  
Adan William da Silva Trentin ◽  
Adilson Moacir Becker Jr ◽  
Ênio Leandro Machado ◽  
Pâmela Andréa Mantey Dos Santos ◽  
Adriane de Assis Lawisch Rodriguez ◽  
...  

The present study conducted a Life Cycle Assessment evaluation of the Solid Waste Management System in Santa Cruz do Sul – RS, in order to provide background information and therefore support decision-making for future waste management scenarios. The software package named as Integrated Waste Management – 2, Version 2.5., was used to perform the LCA, where all inputs and waste management system outputs were identified and quantified. The conversion of the results from Life Cycle Inventory to Life Cycle Assessment in environmental impacts was carried out based on impact characterization factors from RECIPE 2008 version 1.08. The impact categories studied were: Photochemical Oxidant Formation Potential, Global Warming Potential, Acidification Potential, Eutrophication Potential, Depletion of the Ozone Layer Potential and Particulate Matter Formation Potential in addition to the Use of Energy and Final Solid Waste. The current waste management scenario has been simulated as baseline, considering three additional scenarios, which included raising the number of households served by selective collection, improvement of recycling recovery efficiency in the sorting stage and the introduction of the biological treatment stage into the system by composting the organic matter. The results showed that the current scenario is the most impacting, for global warming, with a total of 12,102,122.85 kg of emissions per year, whereas scenario 04 showed to represent the lowest contribution rates to environmental impacts in carbon footprint perspective (5,946,702.47 kg of emissions per year). The final disposal stage in landfills had also contributed significantly to environmental impact rates, followed by the waste collection scenario. The proposed changes, suggested by alternative scenarios, had demonstrate considerable environmental savings, hereby justifying the importance of implementing these strategies in waste management.  Keywords: Life Cycle Assessment. Environmental Impact. IWM-2. Solid Waste. Brazil.ResumoEste trabalho desenvolveu um estudo de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida de um Sistema de Gerenciamento de Resíduos Sólidos na cidade de Santa Cruz do Sul-RS a fim de dar suporte a tomada de decisões para futuros cenários de gestão de resíduos. Para executar a Análise de Ciclo de Vida, foi utilizado o software Gerenciamento Integrado de Resíduos – 2 (IWM-2), Versão 2.5. Neste programa, as entradas e saídas referentes ao inventário do sistema de gerenciamento foram identificadas e quantificadas. A conversão dos resultados do Inventário de Ciclo de Vida para Análise do Ciclo de Vida em impactos ambientais foi realizada baseada na caracterização dos fatores de RECIPE 2008, versão 1.08. As categorias de impacto estudadas foram: Potencial de Formação de Oxidantes Fotoquímicos, Potencial de Aquecimento Global, Potencial de Acidificação, Potencial de Eutrofização, Potencial de Depleção da Camada de Ozônio e Potencial de Formação de Material Particulado além do Uso de Energia e Resíduos Sólidos Finais. O atual cenário de gerenciamento de resíduos foi simulado como base, considerando três cenários adicionais, os quais incluíam o aumento do número de famílias atendidas por coleta seletiva, melhoria na eficiência de recuperação da reciclagem na fase de triagem e introdução do estágio de tratamento biológico no sistema por compostagem de matéria orgânica. Os resultados mostraram que o cenário atual é o mais impactante para aquecimento global, com um total de 12,102,122.85 kg de emissões por ano, enquanto que o cenário 04 apresentou menores taxas de contribuição para esta categoria (5,946,702.47 kg de emissões por ano). A etapa de disposição final em aterros também contribuiu de forma significativa para a variação de impactos ambientais, seguido pela etapa de coleta de resíduo. As alterações propostas, sugeridas pelos cenários alternativos, demonstraram consideráveis melhorias ambientais, justificando a importância da implementação destas estratégias no gerenciamento de resíduos.  Palavras-chave: Análise do Ciclo de Vida. Impacto ao Meio Ambiente. IWM-2. Resíduo Sólido. Brasil.ResumenEste trabajo presenta los resultados del Análisis de Ciclo de Vida del Sistema de Gestión de Residuos Sólidos de la ciudad de Santa Cruz do Sul-RS-Brasil, para apoyar la toma de decisiones para futuros escenarios de la gestión de residuos. Para realizar el ACV fue utilizando el software de IWM, versión 2.5. En este programa, las entradas y salidas relativas al análisis del inventario fueron identificadas y cuantificadas. La conversión de los resultados del Inventario para la evaluación de los impactos se hizo con base en los factores de conversión RECIPE 2008 Versión 1.08. Las categorías de impacto estudiadas fueron: Potencial de formación de oxidantes fotoquímicos, calentamiento global, de acidificación, de eutrofización, de agotamiento de la capa de ozono, formación de material particulado, consumo de energía y los residuos sólidos final. El escenario actual fue simulado como valor de referencia. Otros tres escenarios fueron estudiados, los cuales incluyen el aumento del número de hogares con servicio de recogida selectiva de residuos, el aumento de la eficiencia de la etapa de separación de materiales reciclables y la introducción de la etapa de tratamiento biológico en sistema por medio del compostaje de la materia orgánica. Los resultados mostraron que el escenario actual es el más impactante en relación al potencial de calentamiento global, con un total de 12.102.122,85 kg equivalentes de CO2 de emisiones por año, mientras que el cuarto escenario mostró contribuciones más bajas para esta categoría (5.946.702,47 kg equivalentes de CO2 de emisiones por año). La etapa de la disposición final también contribuyó significativamente con los impactos ambientales, seguido de la etapa de recolección de residuos. Las modificaciones sugeridas y simuladas por los escenarios alternativos mostraron mejoras ambientales considerables, lo que justifica la importancia de implementar estas estrategias en la gestión de residuos.  Palabras clave: Análisis del Ciclo de Vida. Impacto al Medio Ambiente. IWM-2.5. Residuo Sólido. Brasil.


2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (3 suppl) ◽  
pp. 2445-2460 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAYARA C. ASSIS ◽  
VANIELLE A.P. GOMES ◽  
WAGNER C. BALISTA ◽  
RODRIGO R. DE FREITAS

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1152-1161
Author(s):  
Ilisdayne Silva ◽  
Diego Bonfada ◽  
Richardson Silva ◽  
Karla Souza

Author(s):  
Miriam Ramirez Nguyen ◽  
Maria Francesca Ofren Tan

Solid waste management (SWM) has become a continuing hurdle for governments and communities because of its multi-faceted nature. With the worsening SWM problem, the Philippines enacted Republic Act 9003, the Ecological Solid Waste Management (SWM) Act 2000, instituting SWM Program. Water quality in water bodies and watersheds is adversely affected by pollution, exacerbated by increasing population and urbanization. This study examined RA 9003 implementation in urban and rural communities of Santa Cruz Watershed (SCW) which drains into Laguna Lake. Knowledge, awareness, and perceptions (KAPs) of communities were elicited using focused group discussions, interviews, and surveys in barangays within the watershed. Municipalities have completed respective10- year SWM Plans, organized SWM Boards, and SWM committees in villages. Communities showed satisfaction with SWM implementation and monitoring but rural communities had higher overall SWM effectiveness ratings. Both communities were willing to pay for a cleaner environment. Challenges that hamper better implementation of RA 9003 include non-segregation of solid waste by residents attributed to lack of awareness and discipline; irregular garbage collection; inadequate garbage trucks; lack of functional materials recovery facilities; and limited government resources. Addressing these concerns will further boost RA 9003 compliance and enhance the effectiveness of implementation and monitoring in the communities.


Author(s):  
Denise Patricia Lozano Lazo ◽  
Alexandros Gasparatos

Abstract Household solid waste management (HSWM) practices are a critical aspect of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) systems. Despite efforts to implement source separation and recycling at the household level in developing countries, negative practices such as illegal dumping and backyard burning remain ubiquitous, particularly in rapidly urbanizing cities. Source separation and recycling behaviors have been rarely studied in such cities. Moreover, studies on illegal dumping and backyard burning using robust tools and frameworks are practically non-existent. This study aims to (a) estimate the prevalence of “negative” and “positive” behaviors for different HSWM practices, and (b) identify their observable and non-observable influencing factors. The focus is Santa Cruz, a rapidly urbanizing city of Bolivia. Household surveys (n=305) are used to establish the connections between latent constructs (e.g. awareness, satisfaction), and observable variables (e.g. location, socio-demographic characteristics) with each behavior. This is achieved through the combination of exploratory factor analysis to validate the constructs to be included in the analysis, and structural equation modeling to identify the most influential factors. Two causal models are developed, one for the positive behaviors (i.e. source separation, recyclables donation, recyclables selling, and use of drop-off facilities), and the other for the negative behaviors (i.e. illegal dumping and backyard burning). Results indicate that, satisfaction with the MSWM service has a negative and significant influence on the prevalence of illegal dumping and backyard burning behaviors, while the remoteness of the household (i.e. distance to the city center) has a positive significant effect on the prevalence of these behaviors. Source separation and recyclable donation are influenced positively by latent constructs such as attitudes, knowledge, and awareness. For recyclables selling and use of drop-off stations, income and location are the most relevant factors, although with smaller effects.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 176-177
Author(s):  
N. Sri Gokilavani N. Sri Gokilavani ◽  
◽  
Dr.D.Prabhakaran Dr.D.Prabhakaran ◽  
Dr. T. Kannadasan Dr. T. Kannadasan

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