Investigation of the Flow-Based Fast Reroute Model with Implementation of a Multimedia Quality Protection Scheme

In this paper, a tensor flow-based fast reroute model with multimedia quality protection is proposed. In the model, the conditions for implementing a multipath routing strategy and flow conservation are introduced taking into account possible packet loss at the network nodes and preventing overloading communication links both when using the primary and backup routes. At the same time, the novelty of the proposed solution is the formalization of the conditions of protection of the Quality of Experience level in terms of multimedia quality along the primary and backup routes. These conditions have been obtained during the tensor formalization of the network, which made it possible to calculate the quality of service indicators: packet loss probabilities, as well as the average end-to-end delay for audio and video flows transmitted in the multimedia session using the primary and backup routes, respectively. As a criterion for the optimality of the obtained solutions, a condition has been selected related to maximizing the overall performance of the infocommunication network. The results of the research of the proposed model confirm the adequacy of the numerical research results obtained for solving the problem of fast rerouting with link/node protection.

Enhanced Bit Repair IP Fast Reroute Mechanism for Rapid Network Recovery

The massive development of virtualized infrastructures, Internet of Things (IoT), and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) in recent years has led to an increase in quality requirements for the management and reliability of underlay communication networks. Existing converged networks must therefore guarantee specific quantitative and qualitative parameters of different network communication services to meet customer requirements. However, the quality of the services operated is very negatively affected by an unpredictable failure of a communication link or a network node. In such situations, communication is typically interrupted for a period that is difficult to predict, and which can lead to significant financial losses and other negative effects. Internet Protocol Fast Reroute (IP FRR) technology was developed for these reasons. The paper presents the proposal of the new Enhanced Bit Repair (EB-REP) IP FRR mechanism, which offers significant improvements over its predecessor, the B-REP mechanism. The B-REP offers protection against a single failure and only for selected critical IP flows. The EB-REP provides advanced protection against multiple failures in a protected network domain and the protection can be provided for all network flows. The EB-REP calculates alternative paths in advance based on link metrics, but also allows the construction of alternative paths independently of them. The construction of alternative FRR paths uses a standardized tunneling approach via a unique field Bit-String. Thanks to these features, EB-REP is an advanced contribution to solving IP FRR-related problems, which enables the use of EB-REP in many network deployments, but especially in network solutions that require reliable data transmission.

A New Bit Repair Fast Reroute Mechanism for Smart Sensors IoT Network Infrastructure

Today’s IP networks are experiencing a high increase in used and connected Internet of Things (IoT) devices and related deployed critical services. This puts increased demands on the reliability of underlayer transport networks. Therefore, modern networks must meet specific qualitative and quantitative parameters to satisfy customer service demands in line with the most common requirements of network fault tolerance and minimal packet loss. After a router or link failure within the transport network, the network convergence process begins. This process can take an unpredictable amount of time, usually depending on the size, the design of the network and the routing protocol used. Several solutions have been developed to address these issues, where one of which is the group of so-called Fast ReRoute (FRR) mechanisms. A general feature of these mechanisms is the fact that the resilience to network connectivity failures is addressed by calculating a pre-prepared alternative path. The path serves as a backup in the event of a network failure. This paper presents a new Bit Repair (B-REP) FRR mechanism that uses a special BIER header field (Bit-String) to explicitly indicate an alternative path used to route the packet. B-REP calculates an alternative path in advance as a majority of existing FRR solutions. The advantage of B-REP is the ability to define an alternative hop-by-hop path with full repair coverage throughout the network, where, unlike other solutions, we propose the use of a standardized solution for this purpose. The area of the B-REP application is communication networks working on the principle of packet switching, which use some link-state routing protocol. Therefore, B-REP can be successfully used in the IoT solutions especially in the field of ensuring communication from sensors in order to guarantee a minimum packet loss during data transmission.