A Black Hole-Aided Deep-Helix Channel Model for DNA

In this article, we present a black-hole-aided deep-helix (bh-dh) channel model to enhance information bound and mitigate a multiple-helix directional issue in Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) communications. The recent observations of DNA do not match with Shannon bound due to their multiple-helix directional issue. Hence, we propose a bh-dh channel model in this paper. The proposed bh-dh channel model follows a similar fashion of DNA and enriches the earlier DNA observations as well as achieving a composite like information bound. To do successfully the proposed bh-dh channel model, we first define a black-hole-aided Bernoulli-process and then consider a symmetric bh-dh channel model. After that, the geometric and graphical insight shows the resemblance of the proposed bh-dh channel model in DNA and Galaxy layout. In our exploration, the proposed bh-dh symmetric channel geometrically sketches a deep-pair-ellipse when a deep-pair information bit or digit is distributed in the proposed channel. Furthermore, the proposed channel graphically shapes as a beautiful circulant ring. The ring contains a central-hole, which looks like a central-black-hole of a Galaxy. The coordinates of the inner-ellipses denote a deep-double helix, and the coordinates of the outer-ellipses sketch a deep-parallel strand. Finally, the proposed bh-dh symmetric channel significantly outperforms the traditional binary-symmetric channel and is verified by computer simulations in terms of Shannon entropy and capacity bound.

Hadronuclear interpretation of the possible neutrino emission from PKS B1424-418, GB6 J1040+0617 and PKS 1502+106

In addition to neutrino event IceCube-170922A which is observed to be associated with a γ-ray flare from blazar TXS 0506+056, there are also several neutrino events that may be associated with blazars. Among them, PKS B1424-418, GB6 J1040+0617 and PKS 1502+106 are low synchrotron peaked sources, which are usually believed to have the broad line region in the vicinity of the central black hole. They are considered as counterparts of IceCube event 35, IceCube-141209A and IceCube-190730A, respectively. By considering the proton-proton (pp) interactions between the dense gas clouds in the broad line region and the relativistic protons in the jet, we show that the pp model that is applied in this work can not only reproduce the multi-waveband spectral energy distribution but also suggest a considerable annual neutrino detection rate. We also discuss the emission from the photopion production and Bethe-Heitler pair production with a sub-Eddington jet power that is suggested in our model and find that it has little effect on the spectrum of total emission for all of three sources.

Discovery of Rare Dying Radio Galaxies Using MeerKAT

Dying radio galaxies represent a stage of the evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGN), during which the accreting central black hole has switched off and/or falls to such a low level that the plasma outflow can no longer be sustained. When this happens, the radio source undergoes a period of fading, the dying phase, before it disappears completely. We present the study of three potential dying radio sources using the MeerKAT radio telescope: MKT J072851.2-752743, MKT J001940.4-654722, and ACO 548B. The identification as dying radio sources came from the MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey (MGCLS). We carry out a multi-wavelength analysis of the sources and derive their energetics. The ages of the sources are ∼30–70 Myr, they have magnetic fields of the order of a few μG, and they have relatively low radio power. Their potential optical counterparts are associated with massive galaxies. We show that ACO 548B, previously classified as two peripheral relic radio sources, is a dying radio galaxy. With its good sensitivity and resolution, MeerKAT is an ideal instrument to detect potential dying radio sources, and contribute to the understanding of the evolution of AGN population.

A Black Hole-Aided Deep-Helix Channel Model for DNA

In this article, we present a black-hole-aided deep-helix (bh-dh) channel model to enhance information bound and mitigate a multiple-helix directional issue in Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) communications. The recent observations of DNA do not match with Shannon bound due to their multiple-helix directional issue. Hence, we propose a bh-dh channel model in this paper. The proposed bh-dh channel model follows a similar fashion of DNA and enriches the earlier DNA observations as well as achieving a composite like information bound. To do successfully the proposed bh-dh channel model, we first define a black-hole-aided Bernoulli-process and then consider a symmetric bh-dh channel model. After that, the geometric and graphical insight shows the resemblance of the proposed bh-dh channel model in DNA and Galaxy layout. In our exploration, the proposed bh-dh symmetric channel geometrically sketches a deep-pair-ellipse when a deep-pair information bit or digit is distributed in the proposed channel. Furthermore, the proposed channel graphically shapes as a beautiful circulant ring. The ring contains a central-hole, which looks like a central-black-hole of a Galaxy. The coordinates of the inner-ellipses denote a deep-double helix, and the coordinates of the outer-ellipses sketch a deep-parallel strand. Finally, the proposed bh-dh symmetric channel significantly outperforms the traditional binary-symmetric channel and is verified by computer simulations in terms of Shannon entropy and capacity bound.

A Black Hole-Aided Deep-Helix Channel Model for DNA

In this article, we present a black-hole-aided deep-helix (bh-dh) channel model to enhance information bound and mitigate a multiple-helix directional issue in Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) communications. The recent observations of DNA do not match with Shannon bound due to their multiple-helix directional issue. Hence, we propose a bh-dh channel model in this paper. The proposed bh-dh channel model follows a similar fashion of DNA and enriches the earlier DNA observations as well as achieving a composite like information bound. To do successfully the proposed bh-dh channel model, we first define a black-hole-aided Bernoulli-process and then consider a symmetric bh-dh channel model. After that, the geometric and graphical insight shows the resemblance of the proposed bh-dh channel model in DNA and Galaxy layout. In our exploration, the proposed bh-dh symmetric channel geometrically sketches a deep-pair-ellipse when a deep-pair information bit or digit is distributed in the proposed channel. Furthermore, the proposed channel graphically shapes as a beautiful circulant ring. The ring contains a central-hole, which looks like a central-black-hole of a Galaxy. The coordinates of the inner-ellipses denote a deep-double helix, and the coordinates of the outer-ellipses sketch a deep-parallel strand. Finally, the proposed bh-dh symmetric channel significantly outperforms the traditional binary-symmetric channel and is verified by computer simulations in terms of Shannon entropy and capacity bound.

The Merger Rate of Black Holes in a Primordial Black Hole Cluster

In this paper, the merger rate of black holes in a cluster of primordial black holes (PBHs) is investigated. The clusters have characteristics close to those of typical globular star clusters. A cluster that has a wide mass spectrum ranging from 10−2 to 10M⊙ (Solar mass) and contains a massive central black hole of the mass M•=103M⊙ is considered. It is shown that in the process of the evolution of cluster, the merger rate changed significantly, and by now, the PBH clusters have passed the stage of active merging of the black holes inside them.