Edward Taylor – Outstanding Economist and Educator

Purpose: The aim of this article is to reflect on the phenomenon of creativity, activity, output, extensive knowledge and interests of the Polish Scot, Edward Taylor – an outstanding economist and educator in the 20th century. I wish to draw attention to where his contribution was seen as the greatest and to the challenges that he indicated, particularly in the field of the theory and practice of economics. The aim is also to establish what thoughts of his have stood the test of time, which thoughts and convictions of his are still important and valid today, which may be an inspiration for contemporary Polish scientists, educators, students, and a wide range of readers who are interested in problematic economics, management, and political science issues. A brief description of the scientific output of professor E. Taylor is presented, as well as his opinions on the subject of the Polish economy and academic teaching, along with his non-professional interests, passions of life and interest in all facets of life. He could have been included in the liberal school of thought; in terms of a wide range of issues, his views were confluent with those of the most outstanding representatives of the Austrian School of Economics, albeit he didn’t belong to it. Design/methodology/approach: The following research techniques were used in the article: comparative analysis of literature (not only economic), deduction, induction, synthesis. Originality/value: Relatively original content: liberal thought in interwar Poland struggled to break through totalitarian ideologies, which had some supporters here, and also through nationalism and clericalism. After nearly a hundred years, at the turn of the second and third decades of the 21st century, things were generally similar. The reason for this is mainly the economic infantilism of a large part of society, susceptible to populist demagogy and the giving away of money by the current power. Teaching economics is objectively difficult for a variety of reasons. And then and now it does not generally produce good results. It means negative social and political consequences. Taylor’s diagnosis and counteractions were correct. They are worth getting to know better and continuing. Findings: The article shows the versatility of Taylor, who was not only an outstanding economist, educator, organizer of science, publisher and editor of a long scientific series, but also a man deeply involved in many different fields. He was a co-founder of the Polish Economic Society. He was a reformer of the Polish treasury. He fought against inflation and supported the development of the maritime economy. He was strongly involved in the development of cooperatives and territorial self-government. In each of these areas, he brought new ideas, values and solutions. His phenomenal interdisciplinarity and activity is shown.

Tectono-paleomagnetic mapping of transition zones from ocean to continent (on example of the Eastern Mediterranean)

<p>Paleomagnetic mapping has beenapplied mainly for investigation of two types of regions: (1) platform areas, and (2) World Ocean. Conventional paleomagnetic mapping has been methodologically formed as the problem of identifying the bedding conditions of magnetostratigraphic units of sedimentary strata of the predominantly platform regions. It is uses mainly paleomagnetic laboratory data analysis derived from field studies. Employing completely different methodological principles, paleomagnetic maps of the Earth's basaltic crust of the World Ocean were constructed. These maps have not only geophysical but also geodynamical and structural-tectonic significance.</p><p>The most complex regions of the Earth are the areas of transition from the ocean to the continent, as well as the spreading and collision zones of lithospheric plate joining. Here the most diverse manifestations of the structures and movements of the earth's crust and upper mantle and various and multiphase magmatic appearances are developed. The Eastern Mediterranean, which is a striking example of such regions, is located in the junction between the two largest Earth's lithospheric segments: Eurasia and Gondwana.</p><p>The paleomagnetic mapping of transition zones from the ocean to the continent was only sporadic and was not methodologically and rigorously developed as the mapping of continental and oceanic platforms. For more than 20 years of research experience in the Eastern Mediterranean region, we have been able to develop a comprehensive methodology for tectono-paleomagnetic mapping of transition zones from ocean to the continent (e.g., Eppelbaum and Katz, 2015). These reconstructions were utilized as a basis for identifying a variety of mapped bodies and structures. The methodology is based on the integration of the mapping techniques for both continental and oceanic platforms: paleomagnetic reconstructions, results of radiometric dating of magnetically active rocks, biogeographical studies, satellite data examination, plate tectonic reconstructions and utilization of results of various geophysical surveys. All these data are used for combined identifying mapped geological bodies and structures.</p><p>Tectonic-paleomagnetic mapping as a new type of geological and geophysical surveys contributed to an essential amendment in understanding the nature and structure of the Eastern Mediterranean. It turned out that this is not a passive, but an active continental margin, where the Mesozoic terrane belt is developed. This belt includes tectonic units of the thinned continental crust and parts of the Neotethys Ocean crust with a block of the ancient Kiama hyperzone (Early Permian) and a series of ophiolite bodies and sporadic mantle diapirs (Eppelbaum and Katz, 2015).</p><p>Tectonic-paleomagnetic mapping reveals not only the historical-geodynamic, but also the deep-geophysical nature of the Eastern Mediterranean evolution. In particular, it was established that in the formation of the Sinai plate, two zones with the deep mantle trap complexes were involved: the Late Mesozoic and the Late Cenozoic relating to the Jalal and Sogdiana paleomagnetic hyperzones, respectively.</p><p>Eppelbaum, L.V. and Katz, Yu.I., 2015. Paleomagnetic Mapping in Various Areas of the Easternmost Mediterranean Based on an Integrated Geological-Geophysical Analysis. <em>In</em>: (Eppelbaum L., Ed.), <em><strong>New Developments in Paleomagnetism Research</strong></em>, Ser.: Earth Sciences in the 21st Century, Nova Science Publisher, NY, 15-52.</p><p> </p>

Versos y tratados en la Ilustración científica (1650-1750)

RESUMENEstudiamos la poesía impresa en los libros de ciencia publicados en España entre 1650 y 1750. En esta época del Bajo Barroco, la ciencia española comienza a despegar gracias, en parte, a la figura de los novatores y sus obras. Hemos analizado cuantitativa y cualitativamente los versos, tanto paratextuales como intratextuales, que los novatores e impresores tenían a bien plasmar en las obras. El objetivo del trabajo es conocer la función y finalidad de dichas poesías, y ver si estos versos corresponden a las prácticas editoriales que se asentaron en la centuria anterior. Buscamos comprender la relación que une a los tratados científicos y sus poesías.PALABRAS CLAVEIlustración, Bajo Barroco, Ciencia, Poesía, Imprenta. ABSTRACTWe study the poetry printed in the books of science Publisher in Spain between 1650 and 1750. In this time of the Bajo Barroco, the Spanish science begins to grow to the figure of the novatores and his works. We have analyzed quantitatively and qualitativety these verses, so many paratextuales as intratextuales, that the novatores and the printers have printed in this books. The aim of the work is to know the function and purpose of the above mentioned poetry, and to observe if this verses answer to the publishing practices that settled themselves in the previous century. We seek to understand the relation that joins to the scientific agreements and his poetry.KEY WORDSIllustration, science, poetry, press, Late Baroque.

DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN C IN SEVERAL VARIETIES OF MELON FRUITS BY TITRATION METHOD

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is micronutrient that is water soluble and indispensable for the body's metabolism, also plays a role in immune function. Vitamin C are easy to be absorbed actively. One of the fruits that contain vitamin C is melon fruit. Many varieties of melon fruit affect the vitamin C levels. The levels of vitamin C can be determined by 2,6-dichloroindophenol titration method using 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution. The advantages of the 2,6-dichloroindophenol titration method in the determination of vitamin C levels is reductor substances other than vitamin C are not oxidized by 2,6-dichloroindophenol. The examination begins with the determination of equivalence of 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution to vitamin C and followed by determination of vitamin C levels in several varieties of melon fruit. Equivalence of 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution to vitamin C was obtained 0,1347 mg vitamin C per 1 mL 2,6-dichloroindophenol solution. Levels of vitamin C in various varieties of melon fruit obtained that the highest levels was in Golden Melon variety (9,209 mg vitamin C per 100 g of Golden Melon) while the lowest levels was in Langkawi Melon variety (0,335 mg of vitamin C per 100 g of Langkawi Melon). It can be concluded that vitamin C levels contained in melon fruit vary and depend on melon fruit varieties.Keywords: Vitamin C, Ascorbic Acid, Melon Fruits, Varieties, Titration MethodREFERENCE S. Almatsier, 2001, Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Gizi, Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta, 152-153, 185-186.F. Prajnanta, 2003, Melon: Pemeliharaan secara Intensif dan Kiat Sukses Beragribisnis. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta, 3, 30.R. Rukmana, 2007, Melon Hibrida, Kanisius, Yogyakarta, 11, 13-15, 16.B. Samadi, 2007, Melon: Usaha Tani dan Penanganan Pascapanen, Kanisius, Yogyakarta, 19, 23, 25-28, 31.P.M. Wijoyo, 2009, Panduan Praktis Budi Daya Melon, Bee Media Indonesia, Jakarta, 14-17, 55.I.G. Gandjar, dan A. Rohman, 2007, Kimia Farmasi Analisis, Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta, 249.N. Andarwulan, dan S. Koswara, 1992, Kimia Vitamin, Rajawali Press, Bogor, 14-20, 32-35, 235.Direktorat Jenderal Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1995, Farmakope Indonesia, Edisi Ke-4, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta, 1215-1216.W. Horwitz, 2002, Official Methods of Analysis of Association Offical Analytical Chemist Internasional, Edisi Ke-42, Association Offical Analytical Chemist International Suite, Maryland, 16-17.10. J.N. Counsell, and D.H. Hornig, 1981, Vitamin C, Applied Science Publisher, London, 123-124.11. R.M. Astrid, 2016, Cara Cerdas Berkebun Emas Dengan Menanam Melon, Villam Media, Depok, 67.

Bivariate uniform approximation via bivariate Lagrange interpolation polynomials

In the present note, we extend some univariate uniform approximation results by means of Lagrange interpolating polynomials [Ivan, M., Elements of Interpolation Theory, Mediamira Science Publisher, Cluj-Napoca (2004)] to the bivariate case. It is well known that generally, in the univariate case, the sequence of Lagrange interpolation polynomials does’t converges to the approximated function. This fact was first observed by G. Faber (see [9]), which constructed an example when the sequence of Lagrange interpolation polynomials diverges. The result of G. Faber was more generalized by I. Muntean (see [12]). M. Ivan established first sufficient conditions for the uniform convergence of the sequence of Lagrange interpolation polynomials associated to a univariate real valued function. First, we represent the remainder term of bivariate Lagrange interpolation formula in terms of bivariate divided difference. Using this representation we establish sufficient conditions for the uniform convergence of the sequence of bivariate Lagrange interpolation polynomials to the approximated function.