Association of acute phase reactants with prognostic scores in community acquired pneumonia

Objective: To investigate the association of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin with commonly used prognostic scoring systems, hospitalisation and mortality in cases of community-acquired pneumonia. Methods: The prospective study was conducted from April 2014 to April 2015 at the emergency department of Marmara University Pendik Research and Training Hospital,Turkey, and comprised community-acquired pneumonia patients diagnosed according to the British Thoracic Society criteria. Prognosis was estimated using confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure and age ?65, Pneumonia Severity Index-Pneumonia Patient Outcome Research Team score, and severe community-acquired pneumonia scores. Data was analysed using MedCalc 15.8. Results: Of the 203 patients assessed, community-acquired pneumonia was confirmed in 152(74.8%). Procalcitonin had moderate correlation with the three scales used (p<0.001), while C-reactive protein had weak correlation with them (p<0.004). Conclusion: Both procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels were found to be correlated with prognostic risk scores. Key Words: Pneumonia, C reactive protein, procalcitonin, Continuous...

Methods of early diagnostics of severe pneumonia in children

Studies have shown that the severity and outcome of acute pneumonia largely depends on the prevalence of the focus of inflammation in the lung tissue, which is determined radiologically. We analyzed and determined a statistically significant effect of the degree of lung tissue damage on the severity and prognosis of pneumonia in young children, taking into account the conditions of infection. In pneumonia, χ² = 47.13 (p <0.001), indicates that the greater the degree of damage, the greater the likelihood of a severe course and unfavorable outcome of pneumonia. Key words: pneumonia, severity of the course, outcome, young children

Acute Pneumonia

Acute pneumonia continues to represent a major source of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure in the U.S. It is imperative that clinicians at all levels of training have a firm understanding of this potentially deadly infection and its numerous complications. The current state of our diagnostic capabilities often dictates that clinicians will need to make important therapeutic decisions in patients presenting with acute pneumonia before identifying a culprit pathogen. Only after understanding the pathogenesis of pneumonia under different clinical circumstances can one devise rational empiric therapeutic regimens. In this practical review we offer a succinct description of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of acute pneumonia. We then proceed to discuss the evaluation and management of patients presenting with acute pneumonia with emphasis on the most valuable clinical trials and major guidelines that we use to inform our clinical decisions. Despite significant advances in the field of infectious disease over the past century, clinicians continue to recognize pneumonia, the infection of the pulmonary parenchyma, as a major source of morbidity and mortality. In this article we attempt to provide the general practitioner with a practical review of acute pneumonia and its complications. Prioritizing the needs of the general practitioner, we most thoroughly address community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Though we do not intend for this review to be completely comprehensive, in this article we also briefly discuss healthcare associated pneumonia (HCAP), hospital associated pneumonia (HAP), and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). Focusing much of our attention on the most important clinical trials and guidelines underpinning the diagnosis and management of this common problem, we hope that this publication will serve as a useful review to aid in clinical decision making. This review contains 45 references, 1 figure and 5 tables. Key Words: Pneumonia, viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP, healthcare-associated pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia

Acute Pneumonia

Acute pneumonia continues to represent a major source of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure in the U.S. It is imperative that clinicians at all levels of training have a firm understanding of this potentially deadly infection and its numerous complications. The current state of our diagnostic capabilities often dictates that clinicians will need to make important therapeutic decisions in patients presenting with acute pneumonia before identifying a culprit pathogen. Only after understanding the pathogenesis of pneumonia under different clinical circumstances can one devise rational empiric therapeutic regimens. In this practical review we offer a succinct description of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of acute pneumonia. We then proceed to discuss the evaluation and management of patients presenting with acute pneumonia with emphasis on the most valuable clinical trials and major guidelines that we use to inform our clinical decisions. Despite significant advances in the field of infectious disease over the past century, clinicians continue to recognize pneumonia, the infection of the pulmonary parenchyma, as a major source of morbidity and mortality. In this article we attempt to provide the general practitioner with a practical review of acute pneumonia and its complications. Prioritizing the needs of the general practitioner, we most thoroughly address community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Though we do not intend for this review to be completely comprehensive, in this article we also briefly discuss healthcare associated pneumonia (HCAP), hospital associated pneumonia (HAP), and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). Focusing much of our attention on the most important clinical trials and guidelines underpinning the diagnosis and management of this common problem, we hope that this publication will serve as a useful review to aid in clinical decision making. This review contains 45 references, 1 figure and 5 tables. Key Words: Pneumonia, viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP, healthcare-associated pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia

Acute Pneumonia

Acute pneumonia continues to represent a major source of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure in the U.S. It is imperative that clinicians at all levels of training have a firm understanding of this potentially deadly infection and its numerous complications. The current state of our diagnostic capabilities often dictates that clinicians will need to make important therapeutic decisions in patients presenting with acute pneumonia before identifying a culprit pathogen. Only after understanding the pathogenesis of pneumonia under different clinical circumstances can one devise rational empiric therapeutic regimens. In this practical review we offer a succinct description of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of acute pneumonia. We then proceed to discuss the evaluation and management of patients presenting with acute pneumonia with emphasis on the most valuable clinical trials and major guidelines that we use to inform our clinical decisions. Despite significant advances in the field of infectious disease over the past century, clinicians continue to recognize pneumonia, the infection of the pulmonary parenchyma, as a major source of morbidity and mortality. In this article we attempt to provide the general practitioner with a practical review of acute pneumonia and its complications. Prioritizing the needs of the general practitioner, we most thoroughly address community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Though we do not intend for this review to be completely comprehensive, in this article we also briefly discuss healthcare associated pneumonia (HCAP), hospital associated pneumonia (HAP), and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). Focusing much of our attention on the most important clinical trials and guidelines underpinning the diagnosis and management of this common problem, we hope that this publication will serve as a useful review to aid in clinical decision making. This review contains 64 references, 1 figure and 4 tables. Key Words: Pneumonia, viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP, healthcare-associated pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia

PROFIL PNEUMONIA NEONATUS YANG DIRAWAT DI RSUP PROF. Dr. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

Abstrack: Background : Pneumonia is an important cause of neonatal infection. Neonatal mortality rate in pneumonia ranged from 750,000 to 1.2 million deaths and the number of deaths is unknown at birth each year. Methods : This study uses a retrospective descriptive. Results : 95.31% occurred in the age group 0-7 days. 85.94% with normal leukocyte levels. 54.69% trombist normal levels. 40.62% increase hemoglobin levels. On examination CRP increased 67.86%. 54.69% IT ratio <0.2. 96.87% with clinical symptoms of tachypnea. 45.83% using the first linea (amoxycillin + gentamicin). 53.12% of patients were healed with the state. Conclusions : Neonatal pneumonia is most prevalent in early onset (0-7 days). Normal leukocytes are most found. While the platelets also found in most normal limits. The hemoglobin most commonly found an increase. Examination results are most CRP increased. Furthermore, the examination and the ratio of immature neutrophils total (IT ratio) is most commonly found <0.2. Tachypnea is the most clinical symptoms found. Patients with pneumonia were cured many neonates using the first linea treatment combinations (amoxycillin + gentasmisin). Mortality rates were obtained from neonates suffering from pneumonia at 4.69%. Key words : Pneumonia, neonates. Abstrak: Latar Belakang : Pneumonia merupakan penyebab penting infeksi neonatal. Angka kematian neonatal pada penyakit pneumonia berkisar antara 750.000 sampai 1,2 juta kematian dan jumlah kematian saat dilahirkan tidak diketahui setiap tahunnya. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif retrospektif. Hasil : 95,31 % terjadi pada kelompok umur 0 – 7 hari. 85,94 % dengan kadar leukosit normal. 54,69 % kadar trombist normal. 40,62 % kadar hemoglobin meningkat. Pada pemeriksaan CRP 67,86 % meningkat. 54,69 % IT Rasionya <0,2. 96,87 % dengan gejala klinis takipnea. 45,83 % menggunakan linea pertama (amoxycillin+gentamisin). 53,12 % dengan keadaan penderita yang sembuh. Kesimpulan : Pneumonia neonatus paling banyak ditemukan pada onset awal (0-7 hari). Leukosit ditemukan paling banyak normal. Sementara trombosit juga ditemukan paling banyak dalam batas normal. Hemoglobin paling banyak ditemukan adanya peningkatan. Pemeriksaan CRP hasilnya paling banyak mengalami peningkatan. Selanjutnya pada pemeriksaan Rasio imatur dan neutrofil total (Rasio IT) yang paling banyak ditemukan <0,2. Takipnea merupakan gejala klinis yang paling banyak ditemukan. Penderita pneumonia neonatus banyak yang sembuh dengan menggunakan pengobatan linea pertama kombinasi (amoxycillin+gentasmisin). Angka kematian yang didapatkan dari neonatus yang menderita pneumonia sebesar 4,69%. Kata Kunci : Pneumonia, neonatus.