Modes of Self-Representation in the Images Collectively Produced by Migrants in Lésbos Island: Natives of the New World

Natives of the New World is a short documentary film shot on cell phones by the Kino Mosaik collective, which was founded in Lesbos Island, Greece, in 2018. The migrants who were members of the collective tried to transform the period when they were stuck in Lesbos waiting for the decision on their asylum applications into a constitutive process. Kino Mosaik’s main goal was to oppose the passive, apolitical, and victimized migrant image created by mainstream media and many artistic representations. The collective thought that this was possible only from their perspective, and they made this film as an action against stereotypical representational systems. In the short documentary, not only are the difficult conditions that migrants have to deal with made visible but also the forms of collective resistance they have developed against them. This article will analyse Natives of The New World by comparing it with the representational tools it opposes.

Édipo e Castração: Aspectos atinentes a constituição do sujeito / Oedipus and Castration: Aspects related to the constitution of the subject

Resumo: O Complexo de Édipo é um processo constitutivo de todo sujeito, por meio do qual será desenvolvida sua estruturação psíquica, já que o conflito edipiano fica registrado no inconsciente de toda criança e persiste até o fim da vida. Vale lembrar que ao longo de seu desenvolvimento, o ego da criança vai sendo preparado para a castração por meio das diversas perdas que vai sofrendo, como o ventre da mãe, o seio materno e suas próprias fezes, surge então à ansiedade de castração que é justamente o medo de ser separado de um objeto valioso. O ensaio que se inscreve através de uma revisão bibliográfica visa discorrer sobre o Complexo de Édipo e a castração como aspectos atinentes a constituição do sujeito. A pesquisa trata-se de um estudo de natureza bibliográfica, com uma abordagem qualitativa e de cunho exploratório. Compreendemos através da pesquisa que o Complexo de Édipo assim como a castração tem sido cada vez mais pesquisado, no entanto, o que se percebe é que muitos estudos têm abordado esta temática sobre várias perspectivas, mas o que chama atenção é que ainda notam-se muitas divergências quanto ao assunto. Destarte, para nós da psicanálise é muito importante compreender esses conceitos fundamentais que foram nos colocado não só de compreensão por meio da psicanálise e através da ideia de Freud mais também por teóricos como Lacan que fez um retorno ao trabalho de Freud.Palavras-chave: Psicanálise; Complexo de Édipo. Castração; Criança. Abstract: The Oedipus Complex is a constitutive process of every subject, through which its psychic structure will be developed since the oedipal conflict is registered in the unconscious of every child and persists until the end of life. It is worth remembering that throughout its development, the child's ego is being prepared for castration through the various losses it suffers, such as the mother's womb, the mother's breast, and her own feces, then the castration anxiety that is just the fear of being separated from a valuable object. The essay that is inscribed through a literature review aims to discuss the Oedipus Complex and castration as aspects related to the constitution of the subject. The research is a bibliographical study, with a qualitative and exploratory approach. We understand through the research that the Oedipus Complex as well as castration has been increasingly researched, however, what is perceived is that many studies have addressed this issue from various perspectives, but what draws attention is that it is still noticed. many disagreements on the subject. Thus, for us in psychoanalysis it is very important to understand these fundamental concepts that were brought to us not only through psychoanalysis and through Freud's idea, but also by theorists such as Lacan who made a return to Freud's work. Keywords: Psychoanalysis. Oedipus complex. Castration. Kid.

Autophagy plays a double-edged sword role in liver diseases

As a highly evolutionarily conserved process, autophagy can be found in all types of eukaryotic cells. Such a constitutive process maintains cellular homeostasis in a wide variety of cell types through the encapsulation of damaged proteins or organelles into double-membrane vesicles. Autophagy not only simply eliminates materials but also serves as a dynamic recycling system that produces new building blocks and energy for cellular renovation and homeostasis. Previous studies have primarily recognized the role of autophagy in the degradation of dysfunctional proteins and unwanted organelles. However, there are findings of autophagy in physiological and pathological processes. In hepatocytes, autophagy is not only essential for homeostatic functions but also implicated in some diseases, such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, and hepatic failure. In the present review, we summarized the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and its role in several liver diseases and put forward several new strategies for the treatment of liver disease.

Categorization and Stigmatization of Families Whose Children Are Institutionalized. A Danish Case Study

Stigmatization and labeling in society is one of the challenges that families of institutionalized children face. This research aims to investigate how professionals categorize the children and their families, and how, in turn, the categorization process impacts their daily practice and the relationship with families. The case study was conducted in a local children’s institution in Aalborg, Denmark, following an ethnographic approach that included day-time participant observations, semi-structured interviews with a pedagogue and a family therapist, and a “discovery” exercise with pedagogues. The data were analyzed using the two main concepts of categorization and stigmatization. The results show how professionals categorized parents as “resourceful” and “non-resourceful,” causing barriers in their work with the families. Categorization based on “resourceful parent” is a co-constitutive process influenced by the interactions between the Danish system (macro level), the institutional field in which public and private actors operate (meso level), and the everyday interventions of practitioners (micro level). Overall, the process of categorization and labeling shapes the collaboration between professionals and parents, which leads to an overemphasis of particular family traits, with a direct link to the “myth of meritocracy.”

Critical stasis and disruptive performances: ICJ and the Anwar R trial in Koblenz

This article explores the extraterritorial criminal court case against Anwar R, a high-ranking member of the Syrian regime on trial for crimes against humanity in Koblenz, Germany. Empirically anchored in ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Koblenz and with the Commission for International Justice and Accountability, the article illuminates the trial as a ‘disruptive performance’. The case against Anwar R punctuates two instances of negative stasis and unsettles two accounts of chronicity, namely, those of the Syrian conflict and of the field of international criminal justice. In order to illuminate the trial as a disruptive performance, the article empirically situates the Koblenz case both in relation to the Syrian war that it relates to, to the international criminal justice apparatus that it is a part of and to the underlying compilation of evidence that substantiates it. It thus clarifies both the symbolic potential and the constitutive process that has brought it into being.

Representing Disability, D/deaf, and Mad Artists and Art in Journalism: Identifying Ableist Fault Lines and Promising Crip Practices of Representation

This paper revisits the dynamic discussion about journalism’s role in representing and amplifying disability arts at the 2019 Cripping the Arts Symposium. Chronicling the dialogue of the “Representation” panel which included artists, arts and culture critics, journalists, and scholars, it reveals how arts and culture coverage contributes to the cultivation of disability, D/deaf, and mad art. Given that the relationship between journalism and disability communities continues to be fractured in Canada, speakers were invited to reflect on journalism and disability arts in relation to their own engagement with media as subjects, authors, and critics of disability arts reviews. The methods for presentation were cripped in multiple ways to provide the fullest access possible. The panel concluded with examples of ableist fault lines in representation practices where the disabled figure is an absent “ghost” in journalistic representation, warnings against journalistic reliance on traditional and objective narratives, and a call for artists to claim and write their own stories. Ultimately, disabled, D/deaf, and mad artists need both control over artistic endeavours and output and influence over representation. This article reconnects journalism and disability communities, ultimately demonstrating that representation is a critical, co-constitutive process that can become more aesthetically and politically oriented toward social justice in its focus on disability, D/deaf, and mad arts.

Bone in the Throat: Video archiving and identity building within the Montreal hardcore scene

During the 1990s and early 2000s, the Montreal hardcore scene was a vibrant, thriving and dynamic subculture with a strong sense of community. The generational and cyclical nature of such scenes has led, over the past two decades, to a significant crowd turnover with older people leaving and newcomers taking over. However, through the emergence of an Instagram account created by a man named Andy Chico Mak, its past memories are resurfacing. The recent dissemination of the Bone in the Throat series on social media, along with other archives including flyers, interviews and never-seen-before footage from the era, sparks a series of questions regarding the role and impact of archiving subcultures. Since the archival turn in social sciences, archives are considered as a reflexive and constitutive process of identity building and collective memory creating. In the case of subcultures, often overlooked by official heritage institutions, the importance of understanding archives as a site of cultural production is paramount. The collection and preservation of self-produced documents is key to scholars in order to understand the social and political dynamics at the heart of those communities. This article analyses the impact of years of video archives, gathered and organized through the work of Andy Chico Mak, in the process allowing the creation of collective memory and the development of ‘scene identity’. By relating to contemporary conversations about archiving subcultures, it also provides insight into the impact of new technologies and the creation of ‘subcultural collective memory’.

Usability of climate information

<p>This contribution discusses the concept of usability of climate information as a practice, and presents a new conceptual framework for its exploration. Decades of research have made evident that availability of climate information does not necessarily lead to climate sensitive policies or planning processes. While well documented technical, contextual, cognitive and structural factors have been discussed as enablers or barriers to usability; still, to date no explanatory model accounts for how usability <em>actually </em>takes place. This research contends that in order to progress in our understanding of the use of climate information, usability must be explored as a practice. The conceptual framework here proposed is constructed based on empirical observations from three city administrations. The framework is rooted on Site Ontologies, where usability results from interactions between people and climate information in a mutually constitutive process that unfolds through professional practices sustained by norms and shaped by experiential knowledge. T<em>he site </em>is conceptualised as the coordination of work that articulates the use of climate information. The framework characterises the use of climate information through five typologies. Typologies vary according to policy arenas and are mediated by an interplay with two sets of cross-cutting practices: legitimation and data management practices. The research informs that climate information is used providing it fits working practices, concluding that a deep understanding of how working practices mediate the use of climate information is central to foster comprehension regarding the challenges presented by usability. Hence, it proposes that further research should engage in exploring science-policy interactions as mediated by working practices.</p>

Conclusion

The conclusion summarizes the main arguments of the book, their limitations, and the direction of future research. Marx did not hold a labor theory of value. He never used this term, not even once. Primitive accumulation did not happen just once or first in sixteenth-century England but is a constitutive process of all value creation. Primitive accumulation is the becoming of value itself. Marx did not believe in fixed developmental laws of nature and society, or at least held incompatible views on this topic. This book has tried to show that Marx’s theory of kinetic dialectics, from his doctoral dissertation to Capital, offers instead an open and pedetic view of nature and history. Marx was not a crude, mechanistic, or reductionistic materialist and certainly not an atomist, as his doctoral dissertation makes explicit. His theories of value, alienation, and exploitation are neither humanist nor anthropocentric concepts.