Toward an Estimation of the Optical Feedback Factor C on the Fly for Displacement Sensing

In this paper, a method based on the inherent event-based sampling capability of laser optical feedback interferometry (OFI) is proposed to assess the optical feedback factor C when the laser operates in the moderate and strong feedback regimes. Most of the phase unwrapping open-loop OFI algorithms rely on the estimation of C to retrieve the displacement with nanometric precision. Here, the proposed method operates in open-loop configuration and relies only on OFI’s fringe detection, thereby improving its robustness and ease of use. The proposed method is able to estimate C with a precision of <5%. The obtained performances are compared to three different approaches previously published and the impacts of phase noise and sampling frequency are reported. We also show that this method can assess C on the fly even when C is varying due to speckle. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, these are the first reported results of time-varying C estimation. In addition, through C estimation over time, it could pave the way not only to higher performance phase unwrapping algorithms but also to a better control of the optical feedback level via the use of an adaptive lens and thus to better displacement retrieval performances.

The Ranking Prediction of NBA Playoffs Based on Improved PageRank Algorithm

It is of great significance to predict the results accurately based on the statistics of sports competition for participants research, commercial cooperation, advertising, and gambling profit. Aiming at the phenomenon that the PageRank page sorting algorithm is prone to subject deviation, the category similarity between pages is introduced into the PageRank algorithm. In the PR value calculation formula of the PageRank algorithm, the factor W(u, v) between pages is added to replace the original Nu (the number of links to page u). In this way, the content category between pages is considered, and the shortcoming of theme deviation will be improved. The time feedback factor in the PageRank-time algorithm is used for reference, and the time feedback factor is added to the first improved PR value calculation formula. Based on statistics from 1230 games during the NBA 2018-2019 regular season, this paper ranks the team strength with improved PageRank algorithm and compares the results with the ranking of regular-season points and the result of playoffs. The results show that it is consistent with the regular-season points ranking in the eastern division by the use of improved PageRank algorithm, but there is a difference in the second ranking in the western division. In the prediction of top four in playoffs, it predicts three of the four teams.

Lrp4 in hippocampal astrocytes serves as a negative feedback factor in seizures

Background Epilepsy is characterized by the typical symptom of seizure, and anti-seizure medications are the main therapeutic method in clinical, but the effects of these therapy have not been satisfactory. To find a better treatment, it makes sense to further explore the regulatory mechanisms of seizures at genetic level. Lrp4 regionally expresses in mice hippocampus where is key to limbic epileptogenesis. It is well known that neurons release a high level of glutamate during seizures, and it has been reported that Lrp4 in astrocytes down-regulates glutamate released from neurons. However, it is still unclear whether there is a relationship between Lrp4 expression level and seizures, and whether Lrp4 plays a role in seizures. Results We found that seizures induced by pilocarpine decreased Lrp4 expression level and increased miR-351-5p expression level in mice hippocampus. Glutamate reduced Lrp4 expression and enhanced miR-351-5p expression in cultured hippocampal astrocytes, and these effects can be partially attenuated by AP5. Furthermore, miR-351-5p inhibitor lessened the reduction of Lrp4 expression in glutamate treated hippocampal astrocytes. Local reduction of Lrp4 in hippocampus by sh Lrp4 lentivirus injection in hippocampus increased the threshold of seizures in pilocarpine or pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) injected mice. Conclusions These results indicated that high released glutamate induced by seizures down-regulated astrocytic Lrp4 through increasing miR-351-5p in hippocampal astrocytes via activating astrocytic NMDA receptor, and locally reduction of Lrp4 in hippocampus increased the threshold of seizures. Lrp4 in hippocampal astrocytes appears to serve as a negative feedback factor in seizures. This provides a new potential therapeutic target for seizures regulation.

LRP4 in Hippocampal Astrocytes Serves as A Negative Feedback Factor in Seizures

Backgroud Epilepsy is characterized by the typical symptom of seizure, and anti-seizure medications are the main therapeutic method in clinical, but the effects of these therapy have not been satisfactory. To find a better treatment, it makes sense to further explore the regulatory mechanisms of seizures at genetic level. LRP4 regionally expresses in mice hippocampus where is key to limbic epileptogenesis. It is well known that neurons release a high level of glutamate during seizures, and it has been reported that LRP4 in astrocytes down-regulates glutamate released from neurons. However, it is still unclear whether there is a relationship between LRP4 expression level and seizures, and whether LRP4 plays a role in seizures.Results We found that seizures induced by pilocarpine decreased LRP4 expression level and increased miR-351-5p expression level in mice hippocampus. Glutamate reduced LRP4 expression and enhanced miR-351-5p expression in cultured hippocampal astrocytes, and these effects can be partially attenuated by AP5. Furthermore, miR-351-5p inhibitor lessened the reduction of LRP4 expression in glutamate treated hippocampal astrocytes. Local reduction of LRP4 in hippocampus by sh Lrp4 lentivirus injection in hippocampus increased the threshold of seizures in pilocarpine or pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) injected mice. Conclutions These results indicated that high released glutamate induced by seizures down-regulated astrocytic LRP4 through increasing miR-351-5p in hippocampal astrocytes via activating astrocytic NMDA receptor, and locally reduction of LRP4 in hippocampus increased the threshold of seizures. LRP4 in hippocampal astrocytes appears to serve as a negative feedback factor in seizures. This provides a new potential therapeutic target for seizures regulation.

Nonlinear stochastic synchronization of complex dynamical networks with delays

This paper investigates the problem of synchronization for complex networks with time delays and stochastic uncertainties. Based on Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory, some sufficient conditions are derived. To deal with random uncertainties in networks, some suitable nonlinear adaptive controllers are designed, and some updating laws are used to deal with the feedback factor. The designed nonlinear adaptive controller can be used not only for synchronization of networks with delayed nodes, but also for the synchronization of networks with delayed random noises and delayed nodes. Finally, numerical examples illustrating the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results are provided.