Street Net and Electronic Music in Cuba

Cuba has one of the lowest internet penetration rates in the world. This encourages Cubans to create alternative ways of coping with digital scarcity, including hidden wi-fi antennas and ethernet cables strung over streets and rooftops, and physical networks of digital media circulation that rely on memory sticks and other portable devices. These alternative networks counter the inefficiency and unreliability of the official media infrastructures, providing the population with access to digital media and to what presently circulates outside of Cuba. Electroacoustic and electronic musicians benefit from these physical networks of circulation by accessing text, audio, and image files, as well as cracked software, anti-virus definitions, and plug-ins. This chapter explores the creative impacts of evolving media infrastructures on the production and circulation of digital media in Cuba, looking at how wires, waves, and webs affect the creation of new collectives and new music during a period of rapid economic and political transformation. It addresses the strategies adopted by electronic musicians to access programs and software, and to create music in a context of digital scarcity and through illicit and legal infrastructures. The chapter discusses telecommunications networks and the digitalization of music on this island, where the creative strategies for dealing with such infrastructures (or the lack thereof) contribute to new fields of musical practice. Digital culture in Cuba is about alternative local intranets as much as the official global internet, hand-to-hand data sharing as much as peer-to-peer file transfers, human “servers” as much as computer servers.

A Decision Framework for Decentralized Control of Distributed Processes

A typical example of a distributed process is trade finance where data and documents are transferred between multiple companies including importers, exporters, carriers, and banks. Blockchain is seen as a potential decentralized technology that can be used to automate such processes. However, there are also other competing technologies such as managed file transfers, messaging, and WebAPIs that may also be suitable for automating similar distributed processes. In this chapter, a decision framework is proposed to assist the solution architect in deciding the technology best suited to support decentralized control of a distributed business process where there are multiple companies involved. The framework takes as input the different areas of concern such as data, processing, governance, technical, and the pros and cons of the technologies in addressing these areas of concerns and provides a method to analyze and highlight the best technology for any process in question. Two example processes, trade finance and price distribution, are used to show the application of the framework.

Fast File Transfers from IoT Devices by Using Multiple Interfaces

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) is a modern technological revolution that enables communication amongst a plethora of different devices. To date, about 30 billion devices have been connected to the internet and more than 75 billion devices are probably to be connected worldwide by 2025. These can range from small sensors and actuators to larger devices such as smartphones, drones or even buildings and interconnected cars. Devices are often mobile and battery powered thus their communication requires fast and energy efficient solutions. To this end, this paper studies the use of multi-interface communication for fast and energy efficient communication. In particular, we consider the basic operation of data transfer between smartphones in the form of files. This task can be performed for backup purposes, and hence it represents a useful and frequent operation that users perform. Our aim is to provide a new and easy means that optimises file transfers with respect to time and energy consumption. In particular, as smartphones are endowed with various connecting interfaces like Bluetooth, WiFi and 4G, we conduct experimental studies by varying different parameters in order to understand the best setting, including which interface is more appropriate to accomplish file transfer. To this respect, we also implemented an innovative and light app that allows the use of two or more interfaces concurrently. The experimental results show how the coupling of some interfaces might be effective in terms of time, while consuming a negligible amount of energy. Actually, such results become more and more interesting as the size of the file to be transferred grows. The best combination experienced is by making use of WiFi at 5 GHz concurrently with 4G, whereas WiFi at 2.4 GHz caused interference complications.

RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI CHATTING BERBASIS WEB PADA PT SKEMANUSA CONSULTAMA TEKNIK

Communication, discussion, and file sharing between divisions in a company is something every employee often does. The problem in this research is that not all users are connected smoothly so that it hinders communication and file transfers and in communication between divisions they have to install various applications on cellphones and PC users. This reduces the duration of time and efficiency in work. To solve this problem, a web-based chat application was designed. Because the development of these applications must use a good and structured design. Web-based chat application was created to solve this problem. This web-based application can be accessed via a web browser without having to install the application on a cellphone or laptop user. Based on the design of a web-based chat application that has been created, it is expected to be a solution for discussing, communicating and sharing files between employees in a company. In addition, it is useful to keep in touch and share files without having to install applications on cellphone or laptop users. The result of this research is that this web-based chat application can be a solution to keep communicating between employees who have difficulty accessing the internet.

Mars to Earth Data Downloading: A Directory Synchronization Approach

This paper aims to present a possible alternative to direct file transfer in “challenged networks”, by using DTNbox, a recent application for peer-to-peer directory synchronization between DTN nodes. This application uses the Bundle Protocol (BP) to tackle long delays and link intermittency typical of challenged networks. The directory synchronization approach proposed in the paper consists of delegating the transmission of bulk data files to DTNbox, instead of modifying source applications to interface with the API of a specific BP implementation, or making use of custom scripts for file transfers. The validity of the proposed approach is investigated in the paper by considering a Mars to Earth interplanetary environment. Experiments are carried out by means of Virtual Machines running ION, the NASA-JPL implementation of DTN protocols. The results show that the directory synchronization approach is a valid alternative to direct transfer in interplanetary scenarios such as that considered in the paper.