INFEKSI OPORTUNISTIK TINEA CAPITIS PADA PENDERITA PEDICULOSIS CAPITIS

Pediculosis capitis merupakan penyakit infeksi pada kulit kepala manusia yang disebabkan oleh infestasi ektoparasit Pediculus humanus capitis yang dapat menular di kepala tanpa disadari karena kontak erat di lingkungan yang sama seperti asrama pesantren. Di kepala penderita pediculosis ditemukan banyak lesi pada kulit, rambut saling melekat, bintik-bintik hitam atau coklat pada pangkal rambut, radang pada kulit kepala serta eksudat nanah yang berasal dari luka gigitan Pediculus humanus capitis yang meradang. Infeksi sekunder berupa tinea capitis dapat menyerang penderita pediculosis. Infeksi ini disebabkan dermatofita genus Microsforum sp dan Trichophyton sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur penyebab tinea capitis pada kulit kepala santriwati pesantren di Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan mengkultur spesimen pada media Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) dan dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi jamur. Hasil penelitian dari 10 sampel menunjukkan bahwa 1 sampel terinfeksi Microsporum audouinii.

Asymptomatic Scalp Carriage among Household Contacts of Children Affected by Tinea Capitis: A Prospective Study in the Metropolitan Area of Brussels, Belgium

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Tinea capitis (TC) is a superficial fungal infection affecting the scalp. The existence of asymptomatic carriers (ACs) could represent a potential reservoir responsible of (re)contamination and failure of treatment. No prospective studies on ACs in household contacts of TC patients in Europe have been published to date. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ACs in a cohort of household contacts of children who were diagnosed with TC in the metropolitan area of Bruxelles, Belgium. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This prospective observational study was conducted from October 2015 to April 2016 at the Dermatology Department of the University Hospitals Brugmann, Saint-Pierre, Queen Fabiola Children Hospital. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Ninety-nine cases of TC from 95 different family circles were included. The main infectious agent identified was <i>Microsporum audouinii</i> in 53 cases. The mean age of TC patients was 5.8 years. Male/female ratio was 2.8. Eighty-one household contacts of TC patients were enrolled in the study. Two cases of ACs (5%) were identified. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> <i>M. audouinii</i> was the most common pathogen identified. The prevalence of ACs we report is on average higher compared to other European large cities. Larger prospective studies including all close contacts of affected patients are required in order to establish guidelines regarding identification and management of ACs.

Galvos plaukuotosios dalies grybelis: epidemiologija, etiopatogenezė, klinika, diagnostika ir gydymo būdai

Tinea capitis (TC) yra dermatofitų sukelta galvos plaukuotosios dalies infekcija, kuri pažeidžia plaukus ir besiribojančią odą. Dažniausiai pažeidžiami vaikai iki lytinio brendimo, tačiau gali sirgti ir kitų amžiaus grupių asmenys. Pagrindiniai sukėlėjai yra Trichopyton ir Microsporum genčių zoofilinės ir antrofilinės rūšys. Nors Europoje stebimas bendras antropofilinių galvos odos infekcijų skaičiaus augimas, tačiau Microsporum canis išlieka vyraujantis sukėlėjas. Skirtingų rūšių grybeliai gali sukelti uždegiminius ir neuždegiminius klinikinius požymius. Sergant Tinea capitis, visada būtinas sisteminis gydymas, nes vietiniai priešgrybeliniai vaistai neprasiskverbia į plaukų folikulus ir medikamentas turi būti pasirinktas atsižvelgiant į konkretų ligos sukėlėją.

In vitro Activity of Allicin Alone and in Combination With Antifungal Drugs Against Microsporum canis Isolated From Patients With Tinea Capitis

The checkerboard broth method based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M38-A3 document was used in this study to evaluate the in vitro activity of allicin alone and in combination with the antifungal drugs (griseofulvin, fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine) against Microsporum canis isolated from patients with tinea capitis. When allicin was used alone, only weak anti-M. canis effects were found. The MIC50, MIC90 and geometric mean (GM) of terbinafine were the lowest among the compounds tested. Synergism was observed for the combinations of allicin with itraconazole and terbinafine. Only indifference was observed for the combinations of allicin with griseofulvin and fluconazole. Our study illustrated the synergism of allicin in combination with itraconazole and terbinafine, which could be a reference for the treatment of tinea capitis due to M. canis.