Development and Evaluation of Sunscreen Cream Containing Benzophenone-3 Microspheres for Enhancing Sunscreen Activity

In present work, sunscreen cream containing Benzophenone – 3 microspheres were prepared and an attempt were made to deliver sunscreening agent in sustained release manner from microspheres containing cream. Microspheres are prepared by emulsion cum thermal gelation technique and the o/w emulsion was selected as cream. Optimized batch of microspheres were taken and mixed with cream. This cream was subjected to determination of various parameters like color, pH, rancidity, viscosity, spreadability and extrudability. In vitro drug release study and SPF were determined. Cream has also been evaluated for in vivo ocular toxicity testing, skin irritancy testing, testing for sensitizing potential, and photosensitivity test. Results revealed that no ocular irritation and skin irritation occurs. Physical stability and chemical stability were tested. Sunscreen cream is homogeneous, smooth on application, having good spreadability and extrudability and milky white in color. The pH was found to be 7.1. Cream shows viscosity 32840 cps, no rancidity and no phase separation on centrifugation were observed. In vitro drug release study revealed that both 1% and 2% microspheres containing cream follow zero order release kinetics which means release rate was found constant. In vitro SPF was evaluated mean SPF of 1% cream was 13.74 and mean SPF of 2% cream was 31.47. Physical stability testing revealed that cream was not greatly affected by various stress conditions like freeze-thaw (-5 to +5°C), shaking (100-500 rpm) and centrifugation (1000-5000 rpm) except 5000 rpm. Results of chemical stability revealed that the formulations exhibited good stability at elevated temperature between 25-45°C and slight changes may occur which are reversible in nature. In present work attempt were made to develop microspheres containing sunscreen cream and it was characterized for various parameters. Sunscreen cream was safe and effective and also showed sustain drug release.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TRIFLUOPERAZINE LOADED TRANSDERMAL PATCHES FOR SUSTAINED RELEASE

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to formulate and evaluate the polymeric transdermal delivery system of antipsychotic drug Trifluoperazine (TFP) for sustained drug release. Methods: A transdermal patch loaded with (TFP) was formulated by solvent casting technique. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) K-30 and ethyl cellulose (EC) was used as a polymeric matrix with different ratios. Di n-butyl phthalate was used as a plasticizer. The parameters such as thickness, folding endurance and weight variation of the prepared patches were studied. The interaction study by attenuated total reflectance-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed. In vitro drug release study was performed by modified paddle over-disc technique. Results: The infrared spectroscopic study confirmed the absence of any chemical interaction between TFP and selected polymers. All the prepared formulations showed folding endurance values ranging from 130-162 and a satisfactory drug loading of 90-95%. In in vitro drug release study, formulations PE-3 and PE-4 exhibited a sustained and stable cumulative release of 54 % and 48% respectively, at the end of 24 h. The DSC and XRD analysis proved the partial conversion of the drug from crystalline to amorphous form when integrated into the polymeric matrix. Conclusion: The prepared transdermal formulations using polymers PVP and ethyl cellulose demonstrated their ability to sustain the release of TFP. The developed formulation could be exploited for multiday therapy of TFP for the effective treatment of schizophrenia with a simplified dosing regimen and enhanced patient compliance.

Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal patch of Methimazole

Transdermal patch is a drug delivery device in which the drugs are incorporated and is design in such a way that it releases the drug in sustained and at predetermined rate to deliver the drug through the skin to the systemic circulation painlessly. The aim of this research study was to formulate a controlled and sustained release transdermal matrix type patch of Methimazole. The matrix patch was prepared by solvent casting method using a various polymer in different concentration, HPMC (hydrophilic), Eudragit RL100 and Ethyl cellulose (hydrophobic) polymer. Total 9 prototype formulation were prepared and it was subjected for various evaluation test; weight uniformity, Folding endurance, thickness, Drug content, percent moisture content, percent Moisture uptake and In-vitro drug release study using Franz diffusion cell. The in-vitro CDR% data was fit into kinetics model to see the release kinetics from the patches. The Formulation F5 was choosen as a best formulation according to in-vitro drug release study. The in-vitro release was found 81.12 % in 12 hours, it followed zero order kinetics. The nature of polymer and concentration ratio of polymers plays a crucial role for obtaining a good transdermal patch design; therefore optimisation is very important step to formulate a desired TDDS. Therefore the result of the study encourages a further study and is hopeful that the present study would contribute to the recent pharmaceutical research for formulation development.

DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MUCOADHESIVE PATCHES OF NICERGOLINE FOR BUCCAL DRUG DELIVERY BY USING FACTORIAL DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT (DOE)

The aim of this research was to develop mucoadhesive buccal patches of nicergoline by using Factorial Design of Experiment, in order to provide a sustained release of drug into the systemic circulation. A 33 factorial experimental design was employed for optimization and to study the effect of formulation variables on responses R1 (% swelling index), R2 (% drug content), R3 (mucoadhesion time) and R4 (mucoadhesion strength). In vitro drug release study was performed on the optimized formulations. All the prepared formulations had good mechanical strength, mucoadhesion strength, neutral surface pH and drug content up to 98.17%. In vitro drug release study revealed that F-5 formulation showed promising sustained drug release profile (98.21%) for over 8 h and could be a potential substitute for marketed conventional formulations. The developed formulation (F5) was found to be optimized with considerably good stability and extended drug release profile.