IOT based Land Mine Detection Robot

Such equipment is usually automatically blasted through pressure when a target steps on it or drives on it. Demining or mine clearance is the process of removing land mines from an area, while minesweeping describes the task of locating mines. Landmines are generally easy to lay and difficult and dangerous. They are harmful due to their unknown positions and are often difficult to detect. Although dimming has been given the highest priority, currently my clearing operation is a labor-intensive, slow, very dangerous, expensive and low technology operation. The current rate of human quarry is about 100 thousand per year. The idea is to build and develop an automated robot capable of detecting buried landmines and taking them from their locations, enabling the operator to control the robot from afar. The buried quarry is detected using metal detectors as most land mines have metal components. The robot will travel in a straight line route. The system allows the operator to stay at a safe distance by enabling the robot to safely control. Wireless control is for the safety of the operator, designed robots must be able to operate remotely, and is equipped with wireless data transmission capabilities.

”Hvor kan jeg gøre en forskel?”

Denne artikel sammenligner to grupper af bahrainere i Europa: en lille gruppe dansk-bahrainere og den noget større gruppe bahrainere i London. Min analyse fokuserer på forholdet mellem diaspora og aktivisme, i relation til fx Sökefeld (2006) og Adamson (2002), og peger på, at aktivisme kan være både politisk og religiøs og rettet mod såvel Bahrain som det land, mine informanter nu bor i. Dette handler også om mediebrug og mediers betydning, hvor der er stor forskel imellem forskellige grupper af informanter. Blandt de politiske aktivister, som særligt har fundet sammen i London, bruges medier flittigt til både at følge med i situationen i Bahrain og til at påvirke denne ved at bidrage til medier, arabiske såvel som europæiske. De mere passive bahrainere, som jeg især har mødt i Danmark, forsøger omvendt at undgå at følge for meget med i historier om Bahrain og slet ikke at bidrage til dem, dels af frygt for regimets digitale overvågning og dels for at fokusere på livet i Europa, og hvordan man kan gøre en forskel for sig selv og sine omgivelser her. Artiklen kan dermed bidrage til en mere nuanceret forståelse af mediers rolle for en muslimsk diaspora i Europa.

Gestational Diabetes in the Arab Gulf Countries: Sitting on a Land-Mine

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a modern-day plague by reaching epidemic levels throughout the world. Due to its similar pathogenesis, gestational diabetes (GDM) increases in parallel to T2DM. The prevalence of T2DM (3.9–18.3%) and GDM (5.1–37.7%) in countries of the Arab Gulf are amongst the highest internationally, and they are still rising precipitously. This review traces the reasons among the Arab nations for (a) the surge of T2DM and GDM and (b) the failure to contain it. During the last five decades, the massive oil wealth in many Arab countries has led to the unhealthy lifestyle changes in physical activity and diet. The excess consumption of calories turned the advantageous genes, originally selected for the famine-like conditions, detrimental: fueling obesity and insulin resistance. Despite genetic differences in these populations, GDM—a marker for future obesity and T2DM—can overcome this scourge of T2DM through active follow-up and screening after delivery. However, the health policies of most Arab countries have fallen short. Neglecting this unique chance will miss an irreplaceable opportunity to turn the tide of the T2DM and obesity epidemic in the Middle Eastern Arab Gulf countries—as well as globally.

Anti-personnel Landmines in Modern Armed Conflicts. Legal Regulations and the Scope of Application

The aim of the research presented in the article is both to describe and analyse the problem of use of the anti-personnel mines in armed conflicts and the subsequent effects that landmines, in particular anti-personnel mines, have on human health and life. The article discusses a number of problems to solve related to the land mine use long after the end of the armed conflict. The basic source of knowledge concerning legal regulations determining the use of anti-personnel mines are international conventions. In Polish scientific literature, it is difficult to find materials that contain, apart from the contents of the documents themselves, comments and interpretations on the application of international law. In order to explore the above-mentioned issues, it was necessary to make use of the studies of international organizations. The issue of anti-personnel landmine threat and the support to their victims is widely presented in the work of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL), human rights organizations, and others.

PERANAN BAHAN/SISA ORGANIK LAIN SEBAGAI PENGGANTI TOP SOIL TEHADAP KEBERHASILAN REKLAMASI/REVEGETASI DI WILAYAH BEKAS TAMBANG BAUKSIT PT ANTAM Tbk UBP BAUKSIT KALIMANTAN BARAT1

ABSTRAK Top Soil masih memegang peranan penting untuk menunjang keberhasilan kegiatan reklamasi/revegetasi pada areal bekas tambang, khususnya pertambangan terbuka (open pit/cast). Lapisan/layer top soil yang relatif tipis/sedikit membuat kegiatan reklamasi/revegetasi menjadi tidak maksimal. Diperlukan bahan/sisa organik lain sebagai alternatif untuk menggantikan fungsi/peran top soil untuk memperbesar persentasi keberhasilan kegiatan reklamasi/revegetasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peran dari bahan/sisa organik lain untuk membantu memperbaiki kualitas lahan di areal bekas tambang bauksit. Penelitian dilakukan dari mulai dari tahun 2017 sampai dengan tahun 2019, di areal reklamasi PT ANTAM Tbk UBP Bauksit, Kecamatan Tayan Hilir, Kabupaten Sanggau, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah pembuatan dem plot ukuran 20m x 6m dengan kolom 1 (satu) sebagai kontrol (areal tanah asli/bekas tambang), kolom 2 (dua) untuk TKKS, Kolom 3(tiga) dengan Serasah, serta Kolom 4 (empat) dengan top soil. Keempat kolom tersebut untuk melihat sejauhmana tingkat pertumbuhan tanaman pokok (jambu hutan dan Jambu mete) dan Legume Cover Crop (LCC) dengan menggunakan perlakuan tersebut. Analisa sifat fisik kimia tanah juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui kandungan dari tiap-tiap bahan/sisa organik lain yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan top soil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan/sisa organik lain dapat memberikan konstribusi positif pada areal reklamasi/revegetasi, dengan meningkatkan percepatan pertumbuhan cover crop dan tanaman pokok. Hasil penelitian juga saat ini sudah diaplikasikan untuk kegiatan reklamasi/revegetasi PT ANTAM Tbk UBP Bauksit mulai dari tahun 2018 sampai dengan saat ini. Kata kunci : Top Soil, bahan/sisa organik lain, bekas tambang bauksit, open pit/cast, reklamasi, revegetasi, Jambu Hutan, Jambu Mete, LCC. ABSTRACT Top Soil still plays an important role to support the success of reclamation/revegetation activities in mine out areas, especially open pitcast mining. Top soil layers that are relatively thins/lightly make reclamation/revegetation activities not optimal. Other organic materials/waste is needed as an alternative to replace the function/role of top soil to increase the percentage of successful reclamation/revegetation activities. This study aims to determine the extent of the role of other organic materialswaste to help improve the quality of land mine out areas. The study was conducted from 2017 to 2019, in the reclamation area of PT ANTAM Tbk UBP Bauksit, Tayan Hilir District, Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan Province. The method used is making a demonstration plot of 20m x 6m size with column 1 (one) as a control (original / mine out area), column 2 (two) for TKKS Treatment, Column 3 (three) for Serasah Treatment, and Column 4 (four) with top soil. The four columns are to see the extent of growth of staple plants (local guava and Cashew) and Legume Cover Crop (LCC) using these treatments. Analysis of soil chemical physical properties was also carried out to determine the content of each other organic material /waste which was then compared with top soil. The results showed that other organic materials/waste can make a positive contribution to the reclamation / revegetation area, by increasing the acceleration of cover crop growth and staple crops. The results of the study have also been applied for the reclamation/revegetation activities of PT ANTAM Tbk UBP Bauxite starting from 2018 until now. Keywords: Top Soil, other organic materials /waste, bauxite mining, mine out, open pit/cast, reclamation, revegetation, Local Guava, Guava, LCC, Cashew