Ancient Andean Houses: Making, Inhabiting, Studying

In an extensive survey of vernacular architecture from across the entire length of the Andes, this book explores the diverse ways ancient peoples made houses, the ways houses re-create culture, and new perspectives and methods for studying houses.

An investigation of the relation of temperament to intelligence and scholastic ability

What is temperament? And what is its relation, if any, to intelligence and school progress? These questions open up a very wide problem - a problem which has been attacked by surprisingly few psychologists. Some make no reference to it at all, others speak vaguely about it, while a few have made some serious attempt to clarify the position. For this reason, before embarking upon a practical investigation of the problem, it was deemed advisable to make a fairly extensive survey of the literature available. The present work is thus in two parts: Part 1. containing the attempt to set out the present psychological position of temperament, and Part 2 dealing with the investigation proper.

An investigation of the relation of temperament to intelligence and scholastic ability

What is temperament? And what is its relation, if any, to intelligence and school progress? These questions open up a very wide problem - a problem which has been attacked by surprisingly few psychologists. Some make no reference to it at all, others speak vaguely about it, while a few have made some serious attempt to clarify the position. For this reason, before embarking upon a practical investigation of the problem, it was deemed advisable to make a fairly extensive survey of the literature available. The present work is thus in two parts: Part 1. containing the attempt to set out the present psychological position of temperament, and Part 2 dealing with the investigation proper.

[IN1341] Stem Borers (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Florida Rice

Three stem borers, the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), rice stalk borer, Chilo plejadellus Zincken, and Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), infest rice in the southern United States. They occur in Florida, with the Mexican rice borer being an invasive species recently introduced into the state. This publication briefly describes stem borers and sampling methods and reports results of the first extensive survey conducted to measure their occurrence in Florida rice.

Conceptualising ‘Within-Group Stigmatisation’ among High-Status Workers

This article explores the identity challenges facing teaching-only faculty (TOF), whose occupational self-perceptions are fundamentally contradicted by the way institutional others perceive them. We show how this manifests into a set of stigmatising practices and processes across two dimensions: contact (informal messaging) and contract (formal messaging). The sense of being unjustly stigmatised is amplified because the teaching-only role is generally seen as high-status by outsiders, and the work itself is relatively free from real or metaphorical dirt. Hence, we propose the concept of within-group stigmatisation. Next, we shine light on the implications of this form of occupational stigmatisation through the lens of organisational (dis)identification. In contrast to theoretical expectations, the analysis of our extensive survey and interview data shows that TOF identify with their role but disidentify with the organisation. Finally, we reflect on the importance and broader applicability of our concept of within-group occupational stigmatisation.

French Nonprofit Organizations Facing COVID-19 and Lockdown: Maintaining a Sociopolitical Role in Spite of the Crisis of Resource Dependency

COVID-19 became a global health crisis affecting all collective spheres. French nonprofit organizations (NPOs) are trying to participate in the crisis response, but they are suffering from the consequences of the crisis and a structural lack of re- sources. The aim of this article is to understand how they reacted to the crisis and how they coped with the associated lack. It is based on an extensive survey of French NPOs during the first lockdown. The results show that NPOs consider- ably reduced their activity while trying to maintain social links. Despite the reorganization of working arrangements during COVID-19, the economic impact of the crisis was very strong. RÉSUMÉ La crise sanitaire du Covid-19 devient une crise globale qui touche toutes les sphères collectives. Les associations fran- çaises tentent de participer à la réponse à la crise mais, en dépit de cet engagement, elles subissent de plein fouet les conséquences de la crise et souffrent du manque de ressources qui est déjà structurel chez elles. L’objectif est de com- prendre comment elles ont réagi à la crise en composant avec ce manque. L’article s’appuie sur une enquête de grande ampleur auprès des associations durant le premier confinement. Les résultats montrent que les associations ont consi- dérablement réduit leur activité, tout en essayant de maintenir des liens sociaux si possible. L’impact économique est cependant très fort, malgré la réorganisation des modalités de travail.

Diversity of Predators Associated with the Mealybug Complex in Cassava Growing Districts of Tamil Nadu, India

An extensive survey was carried to study the diversity of predators associated with the mealybug complex in the cassava growing districts viz., Salem, Namakkal, Erode, Tiruppur and Coimbatore of Tamil Nadu, India from January to September, 2021. The survey revealed the dominance of Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero 1977 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) than other mealybug species in all the surveyed districts. The incidence of P. manihoti ranged from 12 to 90 per cent while Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink 1992 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) incidence was found to be between 8 and 54 per cent. The incidence of Ferrisia virgata Cockerell 1893 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) was found to be very low (8-16%) compared to other mealybug species. Association of total predators with P. manihoti were found to be maximum (30.87%) followed by the total predators with P. marginatus (6.49%) whereas 0.53 per cent of total predators associated with F. virgata. The fourteen different predators viz., Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant 1853 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Menocheilus sexmaculatus Fabricius 1781 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Anegleis cardoni Weise 1892 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Hyperaspis maindroni Sicard 1929 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Brumoides suturalis Fabricius 1798 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Scymnus spp. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Chrysoperla spp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Mallada spp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Spalgis epeus Westwood 1851 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), Geocoris spp. (Hemiptera: Geocoridae), Cardiastethus spp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), Diadiplosis spp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Oxyopes spp. (Araneae: Oxyopidae) and Argiope spp. (Araneae: Araneidae) were found to associated with the mealybug species viz.,P. manihoti, P. marginatus and F. virgata. Among the predators of the mealybug complex, the most relative abundant species were H. maindroni (11.74%) associated with P. manihoti and C. montrouzieri (6.49%) associated with P. marginatus followed by S. epeus (0.67%) associated with F. virgata. The diversity of predators assessed through Simpson’s Index of Diversity, Shannon-Wiener, Pielou’s Evenness and Margalef indices revealed highest species diversity, species richness and species evenness in Namakkal district.

A Unified Treatment of Tribo-Components Degradation Using Thermodynamics Framework: A Review on Adhesive Wear

An extensive survey of open literature reveals the need for a unifying approach for characterizing the degradation of tribo-pairs. This paper focuses on recent efforts made towards developing unified relationships for adhesive-type wear under unlubricated conditions through a thermodynamic framework. It is shown that this framework can properly characterize many complex scenarios, such as degradation problems involving unidirectional, bidirectional (oscillatory and reciprocating motions), transient operating conditions (e.g., during the running-in period), and variable loading/speed sequencing.

A Note on Corporate Open Innovation: Engagement with Startups

This Note summarizes our findings based on an exploratory and initial global research study of best practices for organizations employing open innovation business model strategies. We utilized an expert interview approach to develop a survey that was taken during the Covid-19 pandemic. It was meant to assess open innovation strategies and tactics, particularly focused on partnering with startups and emerging companies. We worked with a cohort of Corporate Accelerator Forum (CAF) members (as experts), prior to a more extensive survey of corporations concerning their engagement with startups. Our experts included key leadership from Techstars, Bayer CoLaborator, and Illumina Accelerator. We plan a broader, more extensive survey of national and international companies as a follow up. Our results highlight and provide commentary on current industry practices and trends during the Covid-19 pandemic, and have applicability to the biopharma, MedTech, and digital medicine/health markets.