Finding correlations between hop catalogs and real hoppy character in brewery conditions

Brewing recipe design is mainly based on brewer’s expertise, information available in catalogs and certificates of analysis (CoA’s). Hop schedule design and formulation has become an essential topic since hoppy craft beers took the scene. But how accurate is the flavor profile information provided in catalogs? How useful is the chemical composition profile information in CoA’s? Besides current research and tons of reported experiences, hops impact is still a mystery, and topics like biotransformation are black-boxes for brewers. In this study, nine single hopped beers were brewed, and a trained panel conducted sensorial beer analysis. Then, to asses hop impact, qualitative and process-related-quantitative beer characteristics were contrasted to find valuable correlations and trends between hop catalogs and final beers. Discrepancies with catalog qualitative data were reported. In addition to what is already described in the literature, here we describe how α-acids, linalool, myrcene, and geraniol (despite the classical use for these compounds) could predict positive and negative hop impact of nine different hop varieties on bitterness, flavor, and aroma, when they are applied in different brewing process steps. Also, with this pipeline we stand the basis of a tool to be improved, available for brewers, to better predict their brews and assess new hop varieties in real-life pilot brewing set ups.

Perancangan Website Profil Sekolah Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Medan

In Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Medan, the process of school profile information still uses brochures, pamphlets, banners and delivery through the students themselves so that the scope of promotion does not extend to other areas. To make it easy for the community to see the profile of the Mtsn 2 School and to make it easy for employees to input school profile information data, the authors designed a Web-based system. In the process of collecting data with the aim of solving problems, the authors used descriptive data collection methods, namely observation and interviews. Here the author uses a Web-based system. This website was developed using PHP and MYSQL software. This website contains the vision and mission, organizational structure, teacher data, employee data, academic, non-academic activity data and facility data. Which aims to introduce the Mtsn 2 Medan school to the general public. Based on the results of the tests that have been carried out, this Web-based school profile system can help Mtsn 2 Medan School in promoting the school to the wider community and is able to facilitate employee work

Online Selection of a Physician by Patients: The Impression Formation Perspective (Preprint)

BACKGROUND With the rapid development of online healthcare communities, an increasing number of physicians provide services in the online healthcare communities that enable patients to consult online. However, it is difficult for patients to determine the professional level of doctors before consultation and diagnosis because of information asymmetry. A wealth of information about physicians displayed in their profile as a new means to help patients evaluate and select quickly and accurately. OBJECTIVE This research explores how the profile information presented in the online healthcare communities affects patients' impression formation, especially the perception of professional capital (i.e., status capital and decisional capital). The impression further affects their consultation intention, partially mediated by the initial trust. Toulmin’s model of argumentation is used to understand the strength of the argument presented in physicians’ homepage information and divide it into claim, data, and backing. METHODS This study conducts an internet experiment and recruits 386 subjects on the internet to explore the effect of impression formation on online selection behavior by a patient. RESULTS The results show that the strength of argument has a significant positive association with the perception of professional capital. Perceptions of professional capital are highest when a fully composed argument (claim/data/backing) is included in a profile, with claim/data being the next highest and claim only the lowest. Recommendations from connections have the strongest impact. The professional capital perception, in turn, influences patients’ selection decisions, which is partially mediated by initial trust. CONCLUSIONS This study is of great significance to the implication for theory and practice. On the one hand, this research contributes to the online health community literature and suggests that the perception of professional capital on physicians be pre-presumed and built on the basis of the information before in-person interactive online. On the other hand, this study is helpful to understand the effect of various components included in the profile information on perceiving physicians’ ability, and not all information is of the same importance.

Empowering Users in Online Open Communities

In this paper, we propose an architecture supporting online open communities, where by open communities, we mean communities where previously unknown people can join, possibly for a limited amount of time. The fundamental question that we address is “how we can make sure that an individual’s requirements are taken into consideration by the community while her privacy is respected and the community’s ethical code is not violated”. The main contributions are: (i) a conceptual framework which allows to describe individual and community profiles, including data and norms that provide information about their owner and their requirements, and (ii) a decentralised architecture enabling interactions that leverage the exchange of profile information among people and communities to ensure that requirements are fulfilled and privacy is respected.

TAD boundary and strength prediction by integrating sequence and epigenetic profile information

Topologically associated domains (TADs) are one of the important higher order chromatin structures with various sizes in the eukaryotic genomes. TAD boundaries, as the flanking regions between adjacent domains, can restrict the interactions of regulatory elements, including enhancers and promoters, and are generally dynamic and variable in different cells. However, the influence of sequence and epigenetic profile-based features in the identification of TAD boundaries is largely unknown. In this work, we proposed a method called pTADS (prediction of TAD boundary and strength), to predict TAD boundaries and boundary strength across multiple cell lines with DNA sequence and epigenetic profile information. The performance was assessed in seven cell lines and three TAD calling methods. The results demonstrate that the TAD boundary can be well predicted by the selected shared features across multiple cell lines. Especially, the model can be transferable to predict the TAD boundary from one cell line to other cell lines. The boundary strength can be characterized by boundary score with good performance. The predicted TAD boundary and TAD boundary strength are further confirmed by three Hi-C contact matrix-based methods across multiple cell lines. The codes and datasets are available at https://github.com/chrom3DEpi/pTADS.

Vertical precipitation profiles estimated by satellite-based passive microwave retrievals

<p>Passive microwave (MW) observation from low Earth-orbiting satellites is one of the major sources of information for global precipitation monitoring. Although various precipitation retrieval techniques based on passive MW observation have been developed, most of them focus on estimating precipitation rate at near surface height. Vertical profile information of precipitation is meaningful for process-based understanding of precipitation systems. Also, a previous study found that the use of the vertical precipitation profile information can improve sub-hourly surface precipitation estimates (Utsumi et al., 2019).</p><p>This study investigates the precipitation vertical profiles estimated by two passive MW algorithms, i.e., the Emissivity Principal Components (EPC) algorithm developed by authors (Turk et al., 2018; Utsumi et al., 2021) and the Goddard Profiling Algorithm (GPROF). The vertical profiles of condensed water content estimated by the two passive MW algorithms for the Global Precipitation Measurement Microwave Imager (GMI) observations are validation with the GMI + Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar combined algorithm (CMB) for June 2014 – May 2015. The condensed water content profiles estimated by the passive MW algorithms show biases in their magnitude (i.e., EPC underestimates the magnitude by 20 – 50% in the middle-to-high latitudes; GPROF overestimates the magnitude by 20 – 50% in the middle-to-high latitudes and more than 50% overestimation in the tropics). On the other hand, the shapes of the profiles are reproduced well by the passive MW algorithms. The relationship between the estimation performances of surface precipitation rate and vertical profiles are also investigated. It is shown that the error in the profile magnitude shows a clear positive relationship with the surface precipitation error. The estimation performance of the profile shapes also shows connection with the surface precipitation error. This result indicates that physically reasonable connections between the surface precipitation estimate and its associated profiles are achieved to some extent by the passive MW algorithms. This also implies that properly constraining physical parameters of the precipitation profiles would lead to the improvements of the surface precipitation estimates.</p><p>References</p><p>Utsumi, N., Kim, H., Turk, F. J., & Haddad, Ziad. S. (2019). Improving Satellite-Based Subhourly Surface Rain Estimates Using Vertical Rain Profile Information. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 20(5), 1015–1026.</p><p>Turk, F. J., Haddad, Z. S., Kirstetter, P.-E., You, Y., & Ringerud, S. (2018). An observationally based method for stratifying a priori passive microwave observations in a Bayesian-based precipitation retrieval framework. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 144(S1), 145–164.</p><p>Utsumi, N., Turk, F. J., Haddad, Z. S., Kirstetter, P.-E., & Kim, H. (2021). Evaluation of Precipitation Vertical Profiles Estimated by GPM-Era Satellite-Based Passive Microwave Retrievals. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 22(1), 95–112.</p>