southeast australia
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2022 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 107717
Author(s):  
Julian Brown ◽  
Scott V.C. Groom ◽  
Romina Rader ◽  
Katja Hogendoorn ◽  
Saul A. Cunningham

2022 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 113964
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Cathy Waters ◽  
Muhuddin Rajin Anwar ◽  
Annette Cowie ◽  
De Li Liu ◽  
...  

AGU Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Byrne ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
M. Lee ◽  
Y. Yin ◽  
K. W. Bowman ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 100397
Author(s):  
Doug Richardson ◽  
Amanda S. Black ◽  
Didier P. Monselesan ◽  
James S. Risbey ◽  
Dougal T. Squire ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 104198
Author(s):  
V. Marchionni ◽  
S. Fatichi ◽  
N. Tapper ◽  
J.P. Walker ◽  
G. Manoli ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Allan Spessa ◽  
Puyu Feng ◽  
Xin Hou ◽  
Chao Yue ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Adesanya Adeleye ◽  
Simon Graeme Haberle ◽  
David McWethy ◽  
Simon Edward Connor ◽  
Janelle Stevenson

2021 ◽  
pp. 205301962110446
Author(s):  
Matthew Adesanya Adeleye ◽  
Simon Edward Connor ◽  
Simon Graeme Haberle ◽  
Annika Herbert ◽  
Josephine Brown

The rapid increase in severe wildfires in many parts of the world, especially in temperate systems, requires urgent attention to reduce fires’ catastrophic impacts on human lives, livelihoods, health and economy. Of particular concern is southeast Australia, which harbours one of the most flammable vegetation types on Earth. While previous studies suggest climate and European activities drove changes in southeast Australian fire regimes in the last 200 years, no study has quantitatively tested the relative roles of these drivers. Here, we use a Generalized Linear Modelling to identify the major driver(s) of fire regime change in the southeast Australian mainland during and prior to European colonization. We use multiple charcoal and pollen records across the region and quantitatively compare fire history to records of climate and vegetation change. Results show low levels of biomass burned before colonization, when landscapes where under Indigenous management, even under variable climates. Biomass burned increased markedly due to vegetation/land-use change after colonization and a major decline in regional precipitation about 100 years later. We conclude that Indigenous-maintained open vegetation minimized the amount of biomass burned prior to colonization, while European-suppression of Indigenous land management has amplified biomass accumulation and fuel connectivity in southeast Australian forests since colonization. While climate change remains a major challenge for fire mitigation, implementation of a management approach similar to the pre-colonial period is suggested to ameliorate the risk of future catastrophic fires in the region.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ferenczi ◽  
Christa Beckmann ◽  
Marcel Klaassen

AbstractGlobally, outbreaks of Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) in poultry continue to burden economies and endanger human, livestock and wildlife health. Wild waterbirds are often identified as possible sources for poultry infection. Therefore, it is important to understand the ecological and environmental factors that directly influence infection dynamics in wild birds, as these factors may thereby indirectly affect outbreaks in poultry. In Australia, where large parts of the country experience erratic rainfall patterns, intense rainfalls lead to wild waterfowl breeding events at temporary wetlands and increased proportions of immunologically naïve juvenile birds. It is hypothesized that after breeding, when the temporary wetlands dry, increasing densities of immunologically naïve waterbirds returning to permanent water bodies might strongly contribute to AIV prevalence in wild waterfowl in Australia. Since rainfall has been implicated as an important environmental driver in AIV dynamics in wild waterbirds in southeast Australia and wild waterbirds are identified globally to have a role in virus spillover into poultry, we hypothesise that rainfall events have an indirect effect on AIV outbreaks in poultry in southeast Australia. In this study we investigated this hypothesis by examining the correlation between the timing of AIV outbreaks in poultry in and near the Murray-Darling basin in relation to temporal patterns in regional rainfall since 1970. Our findings support our hypothesis and suggest that the risk of AIV outbreaks in poultry increases after a period of high rainfall, with peak AIV risk two years after the onset of the high-rainfall period. This is presumably triggered by increased rates of waterbird breeding and consequent higher proportions of immunologically naïve juvenile waterbirds entering the population directly after major rainfall events, which subsequently aggregate near permanent water bodies when the landscape dries out.


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