New Candidates for Furin Inhibition as Probable Treat for COVID-19: Docking Output

Furin is a serine protease that takes part in the processing and activation of the host cell pre-proteins. The enzyme also plays an important role in the activation of several viruses like the newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 disease with a high rate of virulence and mortality. Unlike viral enzymes, furin owns a constant sequence and active site characteristics and seems to be a better target for drug design for COVID-19 treatment. Considering furin active site as receptor and some approved drugs from different classes including antiviral, antibiotics, and anti protozoa/anti parasites with suspected beneficial effects on COVID-19, as ligands we have carried out docking experiments in HEX software to pickup those capable to bind furin active site with high affinity and suggest them as probable candidates for clinical trials assessments. Our docking experiments show that saquinavir, nelfinavir, and atazanavir with cumulative inhibitory effects of 2.52, 2.16, and 2.13, respectively seem to be the best candidates for furin inhibition even in severe cases of COVID-19 as adjuvant therapy, while clarithromycin, niclosamide, and erythromycin with cumulative inhibitory indices of 1.97, 1.90, and 1.84, respectively with lower side effects than antiviral drugs could be suggested as prophylaxes for the first stage of COVID-19 treatment.

Asymmetrization of a Set of Degressively Proportional Allocations with Respect to Lexicographic Order. An Algorithmic Approach

In the case of the proportional allocation of goods and burdens, the shares of all agents with respect to their values are equal, i.e., they form a constant sequence. In a degressively proportional allocation this sequence is nondecreasing when agents are increasingly ordered according to their values. The division performed according to this principle is ambiguous, and its selection requires many negotiations among participants. The aim of this paper is to limit the range of such negotiations when the problem is complex, i.e., the set of feasible solutions has high cardinality. It can be done thanks to a numerical analysis of the set of all feasible solutions, and eliminating allocations favoring or disfavoring some coalitions of agents. The problem is illustrated by the case study of allocating seats in the European Parliament in its 2019–2024 term.

Augustan aetia

Livy, in his ab urbe condita, makes it clear that origins are subject to change: to growth and development, or to decay and decline. This temporal framework is closely connected with the circularity of exemplarity, of deeds that can be re-enacted again and again. This draws attention to the fact that Livy himself, by writing this aetiological account, also acts in an exemplary way, exhorting his readers to do something similar for the city they see preserved ‘even now’. In Vergil’s Aeneid, the aetion of the Game of Troy in Book 5 brings home the message that what had been spoken as fatum in the remote past is now being fulfilled in the Augustan present. Yet with the so-called reconciliation of Juno, the aetion of the lusus Troiae appears in a new light: it becomes an act of naming that is not to be repeated—a thing of the past. The aetion, ultimately, signals both a strong sense of arrival, while also pointing to the fact that, eventually, time will have to move on. In Ovid’s Fasti, time becomes even more dynamic. In the constant sequence of the days of the Roman calendar, each new ‘now’ constructed by the poet is soon supplanted by a new day and a new ‘now’. However, another axis of time comes into play here as well: the eternity of the city of Rome, which is guaranteed by its closeness to the gods. Aetia form the points at which the passage of days, the time of history, and the eternal power of the gods are brought into contact.

How old are giant squids? First approach to aging Architeuthis beaks

The giant squid Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 is one of the largest and most enigmatic marine species. Its age estimation remains controversial with many estimates of maximum age ranging from 1 to 14 yrs. Successful results regarding the study of aging in cephalopod beaks for some octopod and oegopsid squids support using these structures for age estimation. We analyzed the beaks of 10 individuals, caught between 1995 and 2006, with reconstructed dorsal mantle lengths (DMLs) between 823 and 1418 mm. The beaks were measured and weighed, and their microstructure was analyzed in three ways: (1) in the rostrum area [rostrum sagittal sections (RSS)] for both upper and lower jaws, and the (2) inner lateral wall surfaces (LWS) and (3) inner crest surfaces (CS) for upper jaws. A constant sequence of increments was observed along the RSS, indicating that the use of lower jaws is more feasible due to the higher erosion and tighter packing of increments of upper jaws. The statolith of one individual was analyzed, resulting in 520 increments (579 increments from RSS of its lower jaw). Assuming daily deposition, the age estimations in RSS between 411 and 674 d suggest rapid growth of A. dux, averaging 1.97 mm DML d–1 (SD 0.45). When maximum ages were estimated by applying these results to the largest measured specimens in the literature (e.g., 2400 mm DML), an age of approximately 3 yrs was obtained. Analysis over a greater size range of individuals would allow more accurate age estimations of this emblematic squid.

Ethnomathematics on Dayak Tabun Traditional Tools for School Mathematics Learning

The purpose of this study was to describe ethnomathematics on Dayak Tabun traditional tools in school mathematics learning. This study uses a qualitative approach, with descriptive research methods. Observation techniques are direct observation and communication techniques, namely interviews with Dayak Tabun community leaders, especially makers, users, and traditional stakeholders. the results of the research obtained are: 1) form, learning context in geometric concepts, namely flat and wake up space; 2) aspects of the motive, the learning context in the geometry concepts, like are two-dimensional, lines, and angles, besides that the algebraic concept is a number pattern in the form of a constant sequence; 3) the way of making, the learning context in the algebraic concept of numbers, namely fractions in dividing the material into two parts, calculating operations especially on natural numbers, sequential numbers through measurement of materials; 4) in terms of the use of tools, the context of calculating operating learning is the tool used in the dance, namely the tapping of movements and elevation angles in trigonometric material, namely the use of a Sangkuh Akai tool. Therefore, ethnomathematics on traditional Dayak Tabun ethnic instruments can be used as the context of school mathematics learning.

On the rapidly convergence in capacity of the sequence of holomorphic functions

In this paper, we are interested in finding sufficient conditions on a Borel set X lying either inside a bounded domain D ? Cn or in the boundary ?D so that if {rm}m?1 is a sequence of rational functions and {fm}m?1 is a sequence of bounded holomorphic functions on D with {fm-rm}m?1 is convergent fast enough to 0 in some sense on X then the convergence occurs on the whole domain D. The main result is strongly inspired by Theorem 3.6 in [3] whether the f fmg is a constant sequence.

Studies on the properties of buffer operators

Purpose Buffer operators can be utilized to improve the smooth degree of the raw data sequence, and to increase the simulation accuracy of the model. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the cause of increase in the simulation accuracy of the buffer operator. Design/methodology/approach This paper probed into the modeling mechanism of several typical buffer operators such as the arithmetic buffer operators, the buffer operators with monotonic function and weighted buffer operators. The paper also gives an example of the buffer operator sequence. Findings The results indicate that after applying an infinite buffer operator, whether the authors adopt a weakening buffer operator or a strengthen buffer operator, the raw sequence can be changed into a constant sequence. Because the discrete GM(1,1) model can completely simulate constant sequence, the simulation accuracy is 100 percent. Because the discrete GM(1,1) model is the accurate form of the GM(1,1) model, after applying an infinite buffer operator, the GM(1,1) model can have a very high simulation accuracy. The buffer operator model can increase the simulation accuracy of both the GM(1,1) model and the discrete GM(1,1) model. Originality/value The paper analyses the cause of increasing simulation accuracy of the buffer operator model. The paper may indicate that possible results can be studied in the future. All the buffer operator models have similar properties. After applying an infinite buffer operator, the raw sequence can be changed into a constant sequence. A fixed-point axiom may be the basic cause.

Introduction to Liouville Numbers

Summary The article defines Liouville numbers, originally introduced by Joseph Liouville in 1844 [17] as an example of an object which can be approximated “quite closely” by a sequence of rational numbers. A real number x is a Liouville number iff for every positive integer n, there exist integers p and q such that q > 1 and It is easy to show that all Liouville numbers are irrational. Liouville constant, which is also defined formally, is the first transcendental (not algebraic) number. It is defined in Section 6 quite generally as the sum for a finite sequence {ak}k∈ℕ and b ∈ ℕ. Based on this definition, we also introduced the so-called Liouville number as substituting in the definition of L(ak, b) the constant sequence of 1’s and b = 10. Another important examples of transcendental numbers are e and π [7], [13], [6]. At the end, we show that the construction of an arbitrary Lioville constant satisfies the properties of a Liouville number [12], [1]. We show additionally, that the set of all Liouville numbers is infinite, opening the next item from Abad and Abad’s list of “Top 100 Theorems”. We show also some preliminary constructions linking real sequences and finite sequences, where summing formulas are involved. In the Mizar [14] proof, we follow closely https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liouville_number. The aim is to show that all Liouville numbers are transcendental.

PROFIL HUTAN MANGROVE TAMAN NASIONAL BALURAN JAWA TIMUR (Mangrove Forest Profile of Baluran National Park East Java)

Five mangrove profiles at Baluran National Park East Java were studied. The location was Popongan, Batu Sampan, Kelor-Manting, Si Rondo Si Macan, dan Bilik beach. Each profile was found to be different in their distribution and population. They have demonstrated that there is no constant sequence for mangrove of contrasted areas, because some species tend to prefer a more seaward of a more landward site.

Anti-actin antibodies. An immunological approach to the myosin-actin and the tropomyosin-actin interfaces

The topography of the rigor complex between subfragment-1 (S-1) of myosin and actin was investigated by using several specific antibodies directed to well-located sequences in actin. A major contact area for S-1 was characterized in the hydrophilic 18-28 constant sequence, and the variable 1-7 sequence was only found to be in close proximity to the interface. The C-terminal extremity of actin situated around Cys-374 appeared to be included in a region close to the S-1 heavy chain and the N-terminal part of actin. The interaction between tropomyosin and actin was also studied. Neither of the terminal parts of actin were involved in this interaction. Thus, the regions involved in the interactions of S-1 and tropomyosin with actin do not overlap.