Dietary Patterns, Genetic Predisposition, and Cognitive Function in the UK Biobank

Objectives Elucidating the role of dietary intake in cognitive function, and neurodegenerative disease development is important for prevention. The Mediterranean diet has shown to be beneficial for cognitive function and prevention of neurodegenerative disease. Yet, evidence for other dietary patterns are inconclusive. Since heritability of cognitive functions is substantial, a beneficial diet might mitigate genetic disposition. Therefore, we investigate if dietary patterns are associated with general cognitive function, considering individual genetic disposition. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource. Methods At baseline, participants reported the frequency of consumption of main foods via a dietary touchscreen questionnaire and filled in a verbal-numerical reasoning (VNR) test, which measures fluid intelligence. A diet score including 7 components: vegetables, fruit, fish, processed meat, unprocessed meat, whole grain, and refined grain was constructed. Participants were categorized into a low (0–1), intermediate (2–5), and high (6–7) diet score. A polygenic score (PGS), previously associated in GWAS with general cognitive function, was constructed. Participants were categorized into low (Quintile 1), intermediate (Q 2–4), and high (Q 5) PGS group. Linear regression was used to test whether the diet score associates with fluid intelligence, and to test if genetic predisposition modifies the association. Results The mean diet score of the 104,898 participants (46% male, mean age 57.1 (SD 8.0) years) was 3.9 (SD 1.4) points. In the VNR-test on average 6.1 (SD 2.1) questions were answered correctly. After multivariate adjustment a positive association between fluid intelligence and the PGS (P < 0.001), but no association between fluid intelligence and the diet score (P = 0.703) was observed. When stratified according to PGS groups, similar results were observed for the association between fluid intelligence and the diet score. Conclusions No evidence was found that the investigated diet score was associated with fluid intelligence. As previously reported, genetic disposition was strongly associated with cognitive performance. Funding Sources This work was partly supported by Diet–Body–Brain (DietBB), the Competence Cluster in Nutrition Research funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ: 01EA1410A).

Flour mixed with nosodes for functional food

This article presents the research on the use of functional nutrition in changing homeostasis. Oncology diseases in humans occur not only as a result of a genetic disposition to such changes in the human body, but also as a weakening of the immune system associated with environmental degradation, the presence of unhealthy habits, an unbalanced diet, and constant stress. Taking certain medications often adversely affects the body's ability to heal itself. Immune status is the main indicator of immune diseases, it is the basis for protecting people from cancer. The purpose of this work is to study risk factors of functional additives and develop a recipe and technology for the production of flour mixtures with nosodes. It is shown that the priority direction in the prevention of cancer is personalized nutrition for people at risk and already having cancer, so there is a predictive and preventive medicine based on personalized nutrition, which can be implemented by creating an express laboratory to detect the immunological status of a person. The results of the examinations will form a nutrition passport.

A COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ORAL ANTI-DIABETIC DRUGS IN CAUCASIANS AND SOUTH ASIANS

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is more prevalent, and presents differently, in South Asians than Caucasians. This suggests a possible difference in the genetic disposition of South Asians for this condition. Such genetic difference could also confer a difference in the response of patients of different ethnicities to oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs)