Contradictory Conclusions Surrounding the Effects of Chemical Dispersants on Oil Biodegradation

ABSTRACT Dispersed oil has now been shown to have a ‘half-life’ of 10–30 days in numerous lab and field-based experiments. On the other hand, the biodegradation of floating oil slicks is much slower, and unless dispersed by heavy weather or the addition of chemical dispersants, spilled oil will likely strand on a shoreline where it may persist for years. Dispersants are designed to mix into the oil to lower the interfacial tension between the oil and the seawater, allowing even minor turbulence to generate small droplets that have essentially neutral buoyancy. Whether droplets are generated by breaking waves in the absence of added dispersants, or by much less turbulence after dispersant application, the enormous volume of seawater available for dilution impedes the coalescence of the droplets. Droplet formation stimulates biodegradation by dramatically increasing the oil surface area for microbial colonization. Even though the majority of peer-reviewed literature strongly indicates that chemical dispersants have minimal effects once oil is dispersed, a sub-set of publications report negative effects of dispersants on microorganisms and oil biodegradation. It is likely that differences in experimental design and expectations have led to different conclusions regarding the effects of dispersants. As interest in oil spill response grows throughout the scientific community, it is important to understand how similar scientific questions have led to varying conclusions. Here we highlight the importance of experimental design and how the use of specific methods can produce apparently contradictory results. Various methods from numerous publications involving the fate of undispersed oil and dispersed oil will be compared and contrasted. We will focus on specific details of experimental design that impact the results and conclusions of various oil biodegradation studies, such as temperature, concentration, media storage, and substrate handling. An emphasis will be placed on experimental relevance and challenges associated with replicating real world phenomena in the laboratory.

Steganalysis Bukti Digital pada Media Storage Menggunakan Metode GCFIM

Steganography is an anti-forensic technique that allows a criminal to hide information in other messages, so that during an examination it will be difficult to obtain evidence of the crime information. Therefore we need a technique to detect hidden messages in the data. This technique is known as steganalysis. Steganalysis is an anti-steganography science whose main purpose is to study the hiding characteristics of data on digital media and detect the existence of secret messages that are hidden using steganography techniques. The purpose of this study is to apply steganalysis techniques to detect the presence of messages that are hidden in other messages by using the forensic method, namely Generic Computer Forensic Investigation Model (GCFIM). In this study, the process of inserting steganographic messages using the Hiderman application, while the steganalysis process uses the StegSpy application. The results obtained in this study were the process of steganalysis using the help of the StegSpy application proved to be successful in detecting the presence of hidden messages in the five files that were scanned by steganographic messages.

Rancang Bangun OwnCloud Sebagai Cloud Storage di Kampus STMIK PPKIA Tarakanita Rahmawati

Media storage based on cloud computing is now widely used as a solution for exchanging data and information in an institution to support work. At STMIK PPKIA Tarakanita Rahmawati, cloud-based storage is very necessary because many data and information exchange activities are carried out digitally, both data exchange between lecturers, academic community, education staff and students. Utilization of ownCloud as an open source software to solve the problem of cloud computing-based data exchange is very appropriate because the website-based, desktop and mobile-based applications make it easier for users to access data. Owncloud is similar to applications like Google Drive, Dropbox, it's just that all settings and data processing and user can be done independently so that it can adjust to the needs. The results of this research, Owncloud can be used well by lecturers to store data related to lectures and research, students to store lecture data centrally, the academic community in storing data related to academic activities. The design of owncloud is also still done intranet, so to access it must be connected to the network around the campus of STMIK PPKIA Tarakanita Rahmawati

Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Cloud Storage dan Weblog bagi SMA 11 Pulau Buluh

ABSTRACTTechnology has changed the way people communicate, interact and act in various tasks and activities. One of them is how people store digital data in a storage medium. Conventional storage media such as hard disks, flash disks, CD / DVDs have begun to be abandoned. One reason has begun to be abandoned is that important data is often lost along with the loss of the media. Technology, especially the internet, has become one of the solutions in the world of storage media, namely the presence of cloud technology through cloud storage. In addition to being the answer, the internet is also a means of communication through weblog media or often abbreviated as blogs. Almost the same as Cloud Computing technology, Weblog is a blog collaboration tool so that not only a user can do blogging activities, but is done together, from anywhere and at any time. Weblogs can be an effective media of information about an organization's activities. These two things are the background of the plan of Community Service activities at SMAN 11 Buluh Island Batam. For teachers, cloud storage technology has been introduced through lectures and hands-on training, while for the student council management has been trained on how to design a weblog in accordance with the needs of the school, especially the students. Teachers can take advantage of the benefits of cloud storage for various purposes. The management of OSIS SMAN 11 Buluh Islah Batam can have a means of communication and creativity event with webloging activities. ABSTRAKTeknologi telah merubah cara orang berkomunikasi, berinteraksi dan beraksi dalam berbagai tugas dan aktivitasnya. Salah satunya bagaimana orang menyimpan data-data digital dalam sebuah media penyimpanan. Media penyimpanan konvensional seperti hard disk, flash disk, CD/DVD telah mulai ditinggalkan. Salah satu alasan sudah mulai ditinggalkan yaitu data penting sering hilang bersamaan dengan hilangnya media tersebut. Teknologi khususnya internet telah menjadi salah satu solusi dalam dunia media storage yaitu hadirnya teknologi cloud melalui cloud storage. Selain menjadi jawaban tersebut, internet juga menjadi sarana komunikasi melalui media weblog atau sering disingkat dengan blog. Hampir sama seperti teknologi Cloud Computing, Weblog adalah sarana kolaborasi blog agar tidak hanya seorang user saja yang dapat melakukan aktivitas blogging, namun dikerjakan secara bersama-sama, dari mana saja dan kapan saja. Weblog dapat menjadi media informasi yang efektif tentang suatu kegiatan organisasi. Kedua hal tersebut yang melatar belakangi rencana kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di SMAN 11 Pulau Buluh Batam. Bagi para guru telah diperkenalkan teknologi cloud storage melalui ceramah dan pelatihan langsung, sedangkan bagi pengurus OSIS telah dilatih bagaimana mendesain sebuah weblog sesuai dengan kebutuhan sekolah khususnya para siswa-siswinya. Para guru dapat memanfaatkan berbagai keunggulan pengimpanan awan untuk berbagai keperluan. Pengurus OSIS SMAN 11 Pulau Buluh Batam dapat memiliki sarana komunikasi dan ajang kreatifitas dengan aktivitas webloging.

PERANCANGAN APLIKASI KOMPRESI FILE VIDEO MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA INTERPOLATIVE CODING

The size of the video files is relatively large, long duration and has a good top kulithen it requires a large storage space. With a very large video file size, at the time of the move process could be the process of moving failed because the media storage space exceeds the limit and consume very much quota at the time of transfer. The solution to this problem is how the video file can be compressed to accelerate the process of transferring and saving the video files and saving the quota. In this research, the algorithm used is Interpolative Coding, using the different compression methods-the difference of each value, and the compression results will be profitable, because the delivery will be easier and saves your quota and saves storage space.Keywords: Video File compression, Interpolative Coding algorithm