Interaction Effect of Mode of Illustration and Colour Preference on Pupils’ Achievement in Phonics

The study investigated the interaction effect of mode of illustration and colour preference on pupils’ achievement in phonics in Nnobi in Idemili South Local Government Area of Nigeria. The study employed a non-equivalent quasi‐experimental 2 x 3 factorial research design. Some 167primary two pupils from 4 schools were used for the study. The English Achievement Test (EAT) was used to collect data. Three hypotheses were tested. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that there was a significant main effect for the mode of illustration on pupils’ achievement in phonics F(1,165) = 123.221, p = .000; there was a significant main effect of colour preference on pupils’ achievement in phonics F (2,165) = 55.198, p = 000; and there was a significant interaction effect of illustration and colour preference on pupils’ achievement in phonics F (2,165) = 7.593, p = .001. Because the children-generated illustrations were more effective in teaching phonics and enhancing pupils achievement in phonics, the Ministries of Education should ensure that textbook author incorporate children-generated illustrations in the instructional materials for pupils in primary schools. These materials should be rendered in pupils most preferred colours.

TAHLILUL MAWADH AD DIROSIAH FI KITAB AL ARABIYAH BAINA YADAIK

Textbook is an element of the educational curriculum as well as the teaching method. The textbook influences students’ understanding, whether it has similar or different characteristics. Therefore, the textbook author must be careful in compling and developing the material. Theaching material is the forms of material used to assist the teacher in carrying out teaching activities. The material must have its own characteristics. The type of research is a qualitative research with descriptive analyisis. The data in this research is the book “Arabiyyah Baina Yadaik Juz Awwal”. The topic in this research is the analysis of the matterial, either from the advantages or this advantages, the steps in this research are: reading the books related to the material of the research, interview between students who learn the book, and analyse accurately of the research. The result of this research is the textbook is quite good in foundations and characteristics of the learning material for non-native speakers.

Violin Effects from the Early Nineteenth Century: the Extended Techniques of Pierre Baillot

Pierre Baillot (1771–1842), an eminent French violinist and pedagogue of the early nineteenth century, offers a surprisingly modern role model to musicians in today's fast-changing world of music. First, Baillot's career foreshadows the resilience and versatility required of entrepreneurial musicians today. Baillot lived in turbulent times through the French Revolution, the Napoleonic years, and restoration of the Bourbon monarchy. His life spanned the transition from Classical to Romantic eras of music and he combined a virtuoso performance career with that of teacher, composer, concert entrepreneur, exponent of new music and violin textbook author. Second, as in the case of contemporary creative performers, Baillot sought to extend his art by experimenting with ways to extend the range and expressiveness of the violin. This essay discusses Baillot's embrace of old and new approaches to violin music and practice. Drawing on his textbook, L'Art du Violon (1834), and research literature on music-making of the era, this essay analyses three of Baillot's innovative approaches: harmonic preluding as an improvisation method, his four-string Adagio composition using an extended bowing technique, and his empirical exploration of acoustically enhanced Tartini tones. While Baillot regarded the art of harmonic preluding, for example, as a link to improvisational traditions, he also saw it as integral to creative development and to technical mastery of harmony, the latter sometimes lacking in violinists more accustomed to playing the melodic line. Even today we find Baillot's extended violin techniques surprising.

TEACHING GERMAN IN THE MODERN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CONTEXT. A Textbook. Author: Yanka Koeva. Veliko Tarnovo: “St. Cyril and St. Methodius” Publishing House of the University of Veliko Tarnovo, 2020, 242 p. ISBN: 978-619-208-215-4

A new book for teaching German as a foreign language is presented in the paper. The author, Yanka Koeva, writes about the modern dimensions of some methodological issues since learners, educational policy and social demands have changed. Considering the latest achievement in neurodidactics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics as well as the European dimensions of education policy allows the author to define the goals, principles and content of the modern foreign language teaching. Well-known traditional teaching methods are presented followed by some recently developed alternative methods. Yanka Koeva gives special attention to teaching and acquiring linguistic knowledge and skills, necessary for learners to be able to use the target language for communication; she also systematizes modern views of the teachers’ professional competencies and gives useful ideas for organizing the process of foreign language teaching.

Frank William Westhoff (1863–1938): A Music Education Leader of the Progressive Era

The purpose of this study was to examine the life and work of Frank William Westhoff (1863–1938), a leader in music education during the progressive era (circa 1890s–1950s). Research questions focused on his work as a music supervisor, teacher educator, pedagogue, and textbook author. I also explored Westhoff’s contributions to the profession and influence on music education. Westhoff was born in St. Charles County, Missouri, in 1863. He moved to Decatur, Illinois, in 1884, and in 1893 he began supervising music in the city’s public schools. From 1901 to 1935, Westhoff served as music instructor at ISNU, where he taught methods classes, directed ensembles, and supervised music in the local public schools. He died in Normal, Illinois, in 1938. Although Westhoff was not as prominent a figure in music education as those who led the field on a national level during his time, he played an important role in sustaining, perpetuating, and expanding school music on a regional basis throughout much of the progressive era. He was a founding member of Music Supervisors’ National Conference at Keokuk, Iowa, in 1907, and published numerous compositions and didactic materials, including a statewide curriculum that helped standardize music instruction in Illinois.

Robbe-Grillet in America: The Nouveau Roman Meets the Language Textbook

How could American students of intermediate French be the catalysts for a work of avant-garde French literature? This article centers on Le rendez-vous, an intermediate French-language textbook that combined a novel written by the French New Novelist Alain Robbe-Grillet with grammatical exercises written by Yvone Lenard, a prominent textbook author and instructor of French in the United States. Focusing on previously unexamined archives of this publication, from its release in America to the publication of Robbe-Grillet's novel in France under the title Djinn, the essay reveals an unknown literary history of transnational collaboration and exchange and places new emphasis on Robbe-Grillet's formative involvement with American higher education during his literary career. Through close reading of manuscript drafts and publishers' papers, the essay demonstrates how the dynamics of global publishing and shifting trends in language pedagogy aligned to condition the production of what would become Robbe-Grillet's most commercially successful novel.

Reflections of a Textbook Author

In this essay, I reflect on textbook writing after three decades of participating in the activity. I address the following questions: What perspective should textbooks take? What is the best approach to teaching microeconomics? What is the best approach to teaching macroeconomics? How does the content of the introductory course evolve? How much material should textbooks include? Are textbooks too expensive? How is digital technology changing the market for textbooks? Who should become a textbook author? ( JEL A22)