Monotone iterative technique for nonlinear differential equation of fractional order

In this paper, we mainly study the existence of solution of fractional differential equations. Firstly, the existence of the maxmum solution and minmum solution of the differential equation are proved by using the fixed point theorem and the monotone iteration method. Secondly, the existence of the solution of the original equation is proved by using the newly constructed differential equation. Finally, the application of the monotone iteration method is given through an example.

A Diffusive One-Prey and Two-Cooperative-Predators Model with C–M Functional Response

This paper is dedicated to a study of a diffusive one-prey and two-cooperative-predators model with C–M functional response subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions. We first discuss the existence of positive steady states by the fixed point index theory and the degree theory. In the meantime, we analyze the uniqueness and stability of coexistence states under conditions that one predator’s consumer rate is small and the effect of interference intensity of another predator is large. Then, steady-state bifurcations from two strong semi-trivial steady states (provided that they uniquely exist under some conditions) and from one weak semi-trivial steady state are investigated in detail by the Crandall–Rabinowitz bifurcation theorem, the technique of space decomposition and the implicit function theorem. In addition, we study the asymptotic behaviors including the extinction and permanence of the time-dependent system by the comparison principle, upper-lower solution method and monotone iteration scheme. Finally, numerical simulations are done not only to validate the theoretical conclusions, but also to further clarify the impacts of parameters on the three species.

Optimal Dividend Payment in De Finetti Models: Survey and New Results and Strategies

We consider optimal dividend payment under the constraint that the with-dividend ruin probability does not exceed a given value α. This is done in most simple discrete De Finetti models. We characterize the value function V(s,α) for initial surplus s of this problem, characterize the corresponding optimal dividend strategies, and present an algorithm for its computation. In an earlier solution to this problem, a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation for V(s,α) can be found which leads to its representation as the limit of a monotone iteration scheme. However, this scheme is too complex for numerical computations. Here, we introduce the class of two-barrier dividend strategies with the following property: when dividends are paid above a barrier B, i.e., a dividend of size 1 is paid when reaching B+1 from B, then we repeat this dividend payment until reaching a limit L for some 0≤L≤B. For these strategies we obtain explicit formulas for ruin probabilities and present values of dividend payments, as well as simplifications of the above iteration scheme. The results of numerical experiments show that the values V(s,α) obtained in earlier work can be improved, they are suboptimal.

Global Dynamics of a Lotka–Volterra Competition Diffusion System with Nonlocal Effects

This paper is concerned with the global dynamics of a Lotka–Volterra competition diffusion system having nonlocal intraspecies terms. Based on the reconstructed comparison principle and monotone iteration, the existence and uniqueness of the solution for the corresponding Cauchy problem are established. In addition, the spreading speed of the system with compactly supported initial data is considered, which admits uniform upper and lower bounds. Finally, some sufficient conditions for guaranteeing the existence and nonexistence of Turing bifurcation are given, which depend on the intensity of nonlocality. Comparing with the classical Lotka–Volterra competition diffusion system, our results indicate that a nonconstant periodic solution may exist if the nonlocality is strong enough, which are also illustrated numerically.

Monotone Iterative Method for Fractional Differential Equations with Integral Boundary Conditions

In this paper, the existence of extremal solutions for fractional differential equations with integral boundary conditions is obtained by using the monotone iteration technique and the method of upper and lower solutions. The main equations studied are as follows: −D0+αut=ft,ut, t∈0,1,u0=0, u1=∫01utdAt, where D0+α is the standard Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative of order α∈1,2 and At is a positive measure function. Moreover, an example is given to illustrate the main results.

Fixed Point Theorems on Nonlinear Binary Operator Equations with Applications

The existence and uniqueness for solution of systems of some binary nonlinear operator equations are discussed by using cone and partial order theory and monotone iteration theory. Furthermore, error estimates for iterative sequences and some corresponding results are obtained. Finally, the applications of our results are given.